Exercise 8. Тҧрақты сӛз тіркестердің аудармаларын табыңыздар
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to have a good time
a) үзіліс жасау
2
to have a break
b) үлкен табысқа жету
3
to have fun
c) қобалжу
4
to be a great success
d) отыру
5
to be at a loss
e) уақытты жақсы ӛткізу
6
to take to heart
f) кӛңілге алу/ренжу
7
to take a sit
g) кӛңіл кӛтеру
The Pronoun/Есімдік
Personal pronouns/Жіктеу есмдіктер
Атау септік/Бастауыш
Жанама септік/Толықтауыш
I
Мен
Me
Маған
You
Сен
You
Саған
He
Ол
(ер адам)
Him
Оған (ер)
She
Ол
(әйел адам)
Her
Оған (әйел)
It
Ол
(жануарлар, жансыз
заттар)
It
Оған (жансыз)
We
Біз
Us
Бізге
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You
Сендер/сіздер
You
Сендерге/сіздерге
They
Олар
Them
Оларға
Possessive pronouns/Тәуелдік есімдіктер
Жекеше тҥрі
Кӛпше тҥрі
my – mine
our – ours
your – yours
your – yours
his - his
their – theirs
her – hers
its – its
Indefinite pronouns/Белгісіздік есімдіктер
жай
кҥрделі
all, both, few, one, either, any, every, many,
some, neither, each, little, much, several
anybody, anything, everybody, everything,
somebody, something, anyone, everyone,
someone
ЕСТЕ САҚТАҢЫЗ
Much(кӛп), little(аз), a little(аздаған)
есімдіктері тек қана есептелмейтін зат
есімдермен қолданылады
Many(кӛп), few(аз), a few(бірнеше)
есімдіктері есептелетін зат есімдермен
қолданылады
Reflexive pronouns/Ӛздік есімдіктер
Жекеше тҥрі
Кӛпше тҥрі
myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
himself
herself
itself
themselves
Demonstrative pronouns/Сілтеу есімдіктер
this – these
бұл – бұлар (осы-осылар)
This is our house.
that – those
анау – аналар/сол - солар
That is our university.
such
сондай/осындай/мұндай
I have never seen such beautiful roses.
same
сол әлгі/әлгіндегідей/нақ ӛзі/тура
сондай/жаңағы
Read the same sentence once more.
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Interrogative pronouns/Сҧрау есімдіктер
who
кім
Who is here?
Whom
кімді/кімге
Whom did you see there?
Whose
кімдікі/кімнің
Whose car do you prefer to go in?
What
не/қандай
What are those strange objects in the
distance?
Which
қандай/қайсысы
Which bus must I take for the zoo?
How much
қанша/неше
(есептелмейтін зат есіммен)
How much time do you need?
How many
қанша/неше
(есептелетін зат есіммен)
How many boys took part in the concert?
Reciprocal pronouns
each other
бірін-бірі/бір-бірін
(екі адамға қатысты қолданылады)
Kate and Nick see each other every week.
One another
бірін-бірі/бір-бірін
(екі адамнан кӛп, бірнеше адамға қатысты
қолданылады)
The five puppies liked one another very
much.
Exercise 1. Сӛйлемдерді ҥлгі бойынша ӛзгертіп жазыңыздар.
Model: This is not my pen. I want my pen. I want mine.
1. This is my girlfriend and that`s his girlfriend.
2. Their street is not as busy as our street.
3. These are my children and those are her children.
4. My flat is smaller than their flat.
5. It is not your umbrella. It is my umbrella.
6. My telephone does not work. Can I use your telephone?
Exercise 2. Мағынасы бойынша сәйкес келетін етістіктерді және myself, yourself,
himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves есімдіктерін жазып
сӛйлемдерді аяқтаңыздар.
Model: The dinner was perfect. Let me pay for myself.
buy, hurt, cut, enjoy, blame
1. Yesterday Nick and his friend went to the shop to ____ some ice cream.
2. My father ___while he was shaving in the morning.
3. Mary had a fantastic holiday. She__very much.
4. Don`t ____for the accident! I know that you did nothing wrong.
5. The cat fell from the roof but it didn`t ____.
make, cut, dry, introduce, burn
6. The iron is too hot. Don`t _____!
7. I fell ill because I hadn`t _____with the towel after the shower.
8. If children don`t have enough sleep they can _____ill.
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9. May I ____? My name is John Brown.
10. She looks ugly! What happened to her hair? She ___it___.
devote, wish, pinch, help, find
11. Before every exam I ____good luck.
12. We ___ to believe that we had won the lottery.
13. My uncle and my aunt ____to fine arts.
14. We ___alone in the strange world. We understood nobody.
15. Ann, Nora, ____! There are a lot of tasty things on the table!
Exercise 3. Сӛйлемдерге who/whom сҧраулы есімдіктерін қойыңыздар.
Model: Who is there? Whom are we expecting? For whom did you buy the flowers?
1. ____ has read the book?
2. To ___ did he give the letter?
3. ____ is at the door?
4. ____ was awarded the prize?
5. ____did he tell?
6. ____ answered the question correctly?
7. ____ does she like the best?
8. ____ would be the most suitable person for the job?
9. For ___ are they waiting?
10. ____ has been informed of the situation?
11. ____ can we speak?
12. ____ will be ready by eight o`clock?
13. ____ is watering the flowers?
14. ____ did you photograph?
15. ____ attended the meeting?
16. ____ was at the party?
17. ____ could be heard most easily?
18. ____ do you believe?
19. To ____ did you sell your car?
20. ____ will be waiting for us?
Exercise 4. Болымсыз сӛйлемдер жасаңыздар.
Model: I need to buy some shoes. I do not need to buy any shoes.
1. I will make some salad.
2. We need some onions.
3. I have met some of your friends.
4. He has photographed some of the most beautiful parts of the city.
5. She wants to take some courses in Archaeology.
6. I recognized some of the students.
7. We have visited some of the far away islands.
8. I have read some books by that author.
9. There is some danger involved.
10. I have some reservations about your plan.
11. They have interviewed some of the applicants.
12. She bought some of the books second-hand.
Exercise 5. Қарамен белгіленген сӛздердің орнына one/ones есімдіктерін қойып,
аударыңыздар.
1. These trousers are too small. Please, get me some larger trousers.
2. She did not like that sofa. She bought a more comfortable sofa.
3. Do not use that milk. Use this fresh milk.
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4. Which bus should we take to the city centre? Take that bus.
5. I can see two attractive girls. Which girl would you like to invite for a dance?
6. Here are your envelopes. These are the envelopes you paid for.
7. The elder sister is a bit taller than the younger sister.
8. I have read all the books I borrowed last week. Can I take the new books?
9. Get away this dirty water and get some clean water.
10. They produce new cars but use the old cars.
Exercise 6. Жақшадағы есімдіктерді пайдаланып сӛйлемдерді аударыңыздар.
Model: Who else was at the party?
1. He does not have ____(ешқандай) relatives in the city.
2. I do not know ____(ешкімді) here.
3. ____ (ешқайсымыз) of us were surprised by the announcement.
4. I do not plan to go ____ (ешқайда) on my vacation.
5. ____ (ешқандай) tickets were sold this morning.
6. I did not hear ___ (ешкімнің) playing the bagpipes.
7. I did not give her ____ (ешқандай) advice.
8. ____ (ештеңе) is wrong.
9. We did not buy ____ (ештеңе) at the flea market.
10. They did not have ____ (ешқандай) exciting adventures.
11. ____ (ешкім) offered to help me.
12. She does not know ____ (ешкімді) working at the Library.
13. He does not live ____ (ешқайда) near here.
14. ____ (ешкім) left early.
15. I did not see ____ (ешкімнің) arriving by taxi.
Exercise 7. Сӛйлемдерді ағылшын тіліне аударыңыздар.
1. Мұны маған Стивтің ӛзі айтты.
2. Маған ӛзімді таныстыруға рұқсат етіңіздер.
3. Кеше уақытты жақсы ӛткіздіңіздер ме?
4. Ол бұл кітапты ӛзі үшін сатып алды.
5. Біз бұл жаттығуды ӛзіміз аудардық.
6. Президенттің ӛзі оларға алғыс айтты.
7. Оның ӛзіне де ол адам ұнамады.
8. Адам ӛзіне - ӛзі жауапты болуы тиіс.
9. Бұдан артық ешқандай кітап жоқ.
10. Кез келген уақытта келуіңізге болады.
Exercise 8. Exchange the bold typed words by pronouns.
e.g: Pete lives here. I saw Pete yesterday. He lives here. I saw him yesterday.
1. Alice is my girlfriend. I love Alice. ….
2. Jane and I saw Mark but Mark did not see Jane and me. …
3. I told Steve and Carol to come to me. …
4. My parents liked the cat and I bought the cat. …
5. Why are the books on the table? Put the books on the shelf. …
6. It is a nice bird. Listen how lovely the bird is singing. …
7. Your friend and you are late again. …
8. My sister and I are great friends. …
9. I haven`t seen Pete and Alex today. …
10. Steve and Mark have invited my friend and me to the cinema.
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Exercise 9. Fill in the gaps with pronouns.
1. How many times a day do you brush … teeth?
2. We want him to stay with … in summer.
3. Mr. Smart is rich. … car is very expensive.
4. Are … ready? – No, … am not.
6. Put down … telephone number and I will put down … .
7. Have … you read this book? Is … interesting?
8. Do … recognize the man? – Yes I recognize … . But he does not seem to recognize …
9. He put on … coat and left.
10. They asked me to help … fix … car.
11. We know it is … problem. But can … help … solve …?
12. Dana went to see … grandparents and Ainur went to see … .
THE ADJECTIVE / СЫН ЕСІМ
THE ADVERB / ҤСТЕУ
SUFFIXES OF THE ADJECTIVE:
- ful: useful, doubtful
- less: helpless, useless
- ous: famous, dangerous
- al: formal, central
- able, - ible: eatable, accessible
- ant, - ent: different, resistant
- ish: 1) Scott
Scottish
2) red
reddish
- ive: active, talkative
- y: cloudy, dirty, foggy
ADJECTIVE:
1. big, short, large
2. use ful, unhappy
3. dark-blue, snow-white
DEGREES OF COMPARISON
Comparative degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs
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