Еуразия технологиялық университетінің Хабаршысы. 2021. №2 15
и инженерные, крупные технологические проекты, глобальные технологии. Автор рассматривает условия формирования новых технологий. Статья заканчивается размышлениями о кризисе технологической цивилизации и путях ее преодоления. Ключевые слова: технология, техника, техносфера, развитие, история, инженерия, проект, кризис, цивилизация. THE CONCEPT AND EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGY Annotation The article deals with the concepts of engineering and technology. Four stages of technology development are shown. The first stage is "experimental technique", which is characterized by magical conceptualization, the second – engineering (rational conceptualization), the third-design, the fourth-technology. Technology is characterized by five features: technology-artifacts; technology can be considered as the" social body " of a person or society; technology is a necessary way for a person to apply the forces of nature; it is a form of his understanding; Thus, it is an intermediary in the form of means, machines and a material environment that allows the realization of human plans. Three stages of technology development are discussed. The features and main types of technologies are considered: production and engineering, large technological projects, global technologies. The author considers the conditions for the formation of new technologies. The article ends with reflections on the crisis of technological civilization and ways to overcome it. Keywords: technology, technosphere, development, history, engineering, project, crisis, civilization. МҒТАТ 47.09.51, 55.16.17
М.Б.Тустыкбаев 1 1
Қ.Сәтбаев атындағы Қазақ Ұлттық ғылыми-техникалық университеті, Алматық., Қазақстан
