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The vowel combination IE in the suffix: Annie, Carrie, Katie, auntie.

The combination EY in the suffix: honey, hockey, journey, money, monkey, Sydney, Casey, Rod-

ney.

Vowel combinations, which represent sound [e]:

ready, ready, steady, meadow; sweat, sweater, threat, threaten; breath, death, health, stealth, wealth; weath-

er, leather, feather; measure, pleasure, treasure, treasury, pleasant, peasant, pheasant; dealt, meant, cleanse, 

jealous, realm; heaven, heavy, endeavor, deaf; breakfast, breast, treachery, weapon, friend.

Vowel combinations, which represent sound [ei]:

•  The combination AI before a consonant in the root: aim, aid, sail, tail, main, vain, rain, raise, faint, 

paint, saint, strait, straight, remain, complain, disdain, explain, restrain.

•  The combination EI before a consonant in the root: rein, veil, vein, feign, reign, deign, sleigh, 

weigh, weight, eight, freight, neighbor.

•  The combination AY at the end of the word: day, gray, may, say, way, hay, play, pray, stay, stray, 

essay, relay, delay.

•  The combination EY at the end of the word: they, prey, hey, whey, survey, obey, convey.

•  The combination EA: break, great, steak.

The sound [ai] is represented by the limited number of words.

•  Combinations IE, EI, EY, UY: die, tie, lie, pie, vie; dye, lye, rye, bye; height, either, neither; eye, 

geyser; buy, guy.

The sound [au] is represented by:

•  The combination OU: out, about, doubt, couch, cloud, loud, proud, foul, noun, announce, bounce, 

ounce, pound, found, ground, hound, around, sound, surround, count, account, amount, mountain, house, 

mouse, louse, blouse, mouth, south, scout, shout, bough, plough, drought.

The sound [o:] is represented by:

•  The combination AU: cause, pause, applause, sauce, audio, audience, fraud, August, auto, author, 

Paul, fault, launch, laundry.

•  The combination AUGHT: caught, taught, daughter, slaughter, haughty.

•  The combination OUGHT: bought, brought, fought, ought, sought, thought, cough.

•  The combinations OUR, OAR, OOR: course, court, four, mourn, pour, source, your; board, hoarse, 

hoard, roar, soar, broad; door, floor.

•  The combination QUA (quar, quan, quadr): quart, quarter, headquarters, quantity, quantum, quali-

ty, quadrant.

The sound [oi] is represented by:

•  The combination OI: oil, ointment, boil, foil, spoil, toil, coin, join, voice, void, avoid, point, ap-

point, noise, poison, hoist, moist, exploit, loiter, embroidery.

•  The combination OY: boy, joy, ploy, soy, toy, annoy, destroy, employ, corduroy, oyster, loyal, roy-

al, voyage.

The sound [ou] is represented by: 

•  the letter combination OA: oat, oak, coal, goal, load, road, boat, coat, soak, toast, roast, coast, 

boast, coach, approach, cockroach.

•  OE, OUGH, OU in a limited number of words: toe, roe, doe, foe, woe; though, although, dough; 

soul, shoulder, poultry, boulder, mould / mold.

Spelling patterns for the sound [u:]:

•  Combination OO as [u:]: food, mood, room, cool, pool, school, scoop, moon, cartoon, tooth, boots, 

poodle, ooze, choose, soothe, shoot, too, zoo, bamboo, taboo, kangaroo, shampoo, tattoo.

•  Combination OU as [u:]: group, soup, loupe, cougar, coupon, mousse, route, routine, wound, sou-

venir, through, rouge.

•  Combination OE as [u:]: shoe, canoe.

•  Combination UE as [u:]: true, blue, clue, glue.

•  Combination UI as [u:]: juice, fruit, bruise, cruise, recruit, sluice.

The sound [yu:] is represented by: 

•  Combination EU as [yu:]: eucalyptus, euphemism, feud, neurotic, neutral.

•  Combinations UE, UI as [yu:]: hue, cue, due, sue, pursue, suit.

•  After Y always [yu:]: yule, yuletide, Yukon; youth, yew

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