Международный научно-образовательный электронный журнал «образование и наука в XXI веке»
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| ФИО автора: Omina Mukhiddinova,
Master’s in History (Islamic civilization), International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan Название публикации: «THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DOCTRINE OF MATURIDIYYA AND ITS TEACHINGS TODAY» Abstract: As one of the most influential Muslim theologians of his time and then, Abu Mansur al-Maturidi rose in the tenth century in Mawaraunnahr establishing his theological school. Maturidism still remains as one of the two prominent schools of theology within Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama’ah. The paper discusses the key points and benefits of studying and learning the teachings of Maturidism and how their critical importance in Islamic world today. Key words: Al-Maturidi, Maturidism, mutakallim, theology, globalization, awareness, preservation, deviant groups. Introduction Born in the village of Maturid in Samarqand, Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud al-Maturidi is known for his contribution to the preservation of sound Islamic teachings. Although it is largely accepted that he passed away in 333 AH/944, there has been a continuous discussion as to what year he was born in. These different perspectives will be a part of this work in section 1 of Chapter II. Moving on, his lineage is traced back to the family of a great companion, Abu Ayyub al- Ansari 102 as claimed by some writers. This view is supported by some, relating it to the fact that some of Arab families of Madinah dwelled in Samarkand. It is also presumed by some that the daughter of al-Maturidi was married to Abu al-Hasan Ali al-Ash’ari’s father, al-Hasan al-Ash’ari 103 , However, there seems to be no sufficient evidence to support this view. In this regard, it is important to note that the information 102 Al-Maturidi, Kitab al-Tauhid, MS. Cambridge, fol. 1, footnote al Sayyid Murtada, Sharh Ihya' of al-Ghazali, Cairo, 1893, V ol. II, p. 5. https://www.al-islam.org/history-muslim-philosophy-volume-1-book-3/chapter-13-maturidism 103 Al-Sam'ani, op. cit., fol. 498. 736 on the life and career of al-Maturidi is scarce and even some major historical and biographical works miss information on him. Nonetheless, he was one who influenced Hanafi theological thought more than any other scholar. Even though, he is distinguishingly known for his eleven works written as refutation of Mu’tazilite claims, his books against the Shi’ite and Qaramita are praiseworthy too. Other two works of his “Kitab al-Tawheed” 104 (Book of Tawheed – Monotheism) and “Ta’wilaat ahl al-Sunnah” 105 , also known as “Ta’wilaat al-Qur’an (Interpretations of the Qur’an) have gained unprecedented popularity in Muslim world. It is possible that there were a number of scholars (other than Abu Mansur) with the attribute (nisbah) of “al-Maturidi” which literally means “the who comes from the village of Maturid”. Occasionally, this nisbah can also refer to the one who follows the teachings of Abu Mansur al-Maturidi even though they have not been born in Maturid. For instance, in his research article, Tritton (1966) 106 makes mention of a another great mutakallim, muhaddith and jurist, al-Hakim al-Samarqandi with attribute of “al-Maturidi”. There has been a range of scholarly works contributed to the literature on al- Maturidi for many years. Scholars from the east and west have made contributions to the literature on Maturidism starting from the time of the disciples of the Mutakallim. The origins of these works date back to the 11-14th centuries, years after the death of al-Maturidi and was developed further as the religious and spiritual circumstances necessitated revival of this doctrine. Being the first people to learn about his life and theological views, the students and followers of Imam al-Maturidi played a significant role to pass down the teachings of their master. Their hard work and effort laid the foundation on preservation of the invaluable legacy of the scholar and further investigation of various aspects of Maturidism. 104 Al-Māturīdī, Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad Kitāb al-Tawḥīd (edited by Fathalla Kholeif) Bayreuth: Dar el-Machreq, 1970. 105 Al-Māturīdī, Abū Manṣūr, Ta’wīlāt ahl al-Sunna (edited by Majdi Basaloum), Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-'Ilmiyya, 2005. [10 volumes] 106 Tritton, A. (1966). An Early Work from the School of al-Māturīdī. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland, 98(2), 96-99. |