Конструкциялық материалдар және термоөңдеу Конструкционные материалы и термообработка Constructional materials and heat treatment Учебное пособие для специальности: 5В071200– «Машиностроение»
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montaev s h
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- Carbonaceous tool steel
| Carbonaceous qualitative steel.
Carbonaceous qualitative steel have smaller in comparison with steel ordinary quality the content of harmful impurity and nonmetallic inclusions. Deliver them in the form of hire with the guaranteed mechanical properties and a chemical composition. Steel mark two-place numbers which designate the content of carbon in the 100-th shares of percent. On de-oxidation level steel subdivide on rimming steel (rs), semi-killed (sk), killed (without the indication of an index). The letter G in brands of the ssteel indicates the raised content of manganese (to 1 %). Carbonaceous qualitative steel apply in mechanical engineering to manufacturing by a method of punching of details of bodies of cars, cases and casings (steel 08rs, steel 05rs, steel 10rs), welded designs, tanks, capacities, pipes of average durability (steel 08ks, steel 10ks), the low-loaded cogwheels of cams of axes (steel 10, steel 20, steel 25). Application of special methods of processing (training, normalization) allows to use carbonaceous qualitative steel for manufacturing of the details testing cyclic loadings (steel 40, 45, 55, 60). Steel with the raised content of carbon and manganese (steel 65,70, 75, 80, 60Г, 70G) apply as the spring and spring. 195 Carbonaceous tool steel. The tool steel intended for manufacturing of the cutting and measuring tool. The main criteria of a choice of steel for manufacturing of the cutting tool are it wear-and heat resistance, and also steel should possess the hardness exceeding hardness of the processed material, and high durability in a combination to sufficient viscosity. Carbonaceous steel of the brands U7, У8, У10, У11, У12 of ordinary quality or high-quality apply when manufacturing tool to cutting of materials of low hardness with small speeds. U9 steel is applied to manufacturing of the woodworking tool. Steel U10, У11, У12 is for manufacturing of the metal-cutting tool: cutters, drills, taps, dies, files. Steel U8, У9, У10 are applied when manufacturing the measuring tool - brackets, calibres etc. Carbonaceous steel of a special purpose. This group of steel with high technical characteristics (the raised workability cutting, a good fusability etc.). They are intended generally for manufacturing of products of mass production. Automatic steel with the raised content of sulfur and phosphorus have a good workability cutting. When processing such steel on automatic machines short and small shaving is formed, the expense of the cutting tool decreases and the roughness of the processed surfaces decreases. Automatic steel mark the letter "A" and in the figures showing the average content of carbon in the 100-th shares of percent. Apply the following brands of automatic steel: А12, А20, А30, А40Г. A12 steel is applied to produce the irresponsible details, all other brands of automatic steel are suitable for manufacturing of the responsible details working at considerable tension and elevated pressures. They steel don't apply for manufacturing of welded designs. Boiler steel is applied to manufacturing of details and the devices working under pressure (steam coppers, ship fire chambers, chambers of burning of gas turbines, etc.). They work at variable pressure and temperature to 450?С, well cook. For obtaining such properties into carbonaceous steel enter a technological additive (titan) and in addition de-oxidize with aluminum. Let out the following brands of carbonaceous boiler steel: 12К, 15К, 16К, 18К, 20К, 22К with the content of carbon 0,08-0,28 in them %-also deliver in the form of sheets in thickness to 200мм. жүктеу/скачать 1,99 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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