Toktabay A. Ocresh Ata - the ancestor of the tribe Naiman Тоқтабай А

Үлкен Алтай əлемі – Мир Большого Алтая – World of Great Altay 6(2) 2020 ISSN 2410-2725
941
Weapons and horse equipment of the medieval nomads of the East Kazakhstan
(Based on materials from the Ayan burial ground)
Omarov Gani Kalikhanovich 
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 
050040, Republic of Kazakhstan. E-mail: gani_omarov@mail.ru
Besetayev Bauyrzhan Berkanovich 
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan. E-
mail: besetaev86@mail.ru
Baimukhanov Nurbol Bolatovich 
Shejire DNA project, Almaty, 050046, Republic of Kazakhstan. E-mail: baimukhan@gmail.com
Sagyndykova Symbat Temirgalievna 
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan. E-
mail: sagyndykova.symbat@gmail.com
Abstract. The article introduces into scientifi c circulation the materials of barrow № 1 of the Ayan burial 
ground, located in the Kurchum region of the East Kazakhstan region. As a result of excavations in 2016, 
new materials were obtained on horse equipment and weapons of medieval nomads. A comparative 
typological analysis of the fi ndings revealed a circle that is closest in morphological and technical 
characteristics, the analysis of which to a certain extent indicates belonging to Kimek society. Judging by 
the data of radiocarbon analysis (660–770 AD), burial refers to the early stage of the emergence of this 
cultural community.
A technological examination of textiles was carried out, during which methods of optical and electron 
microscopy, methods of micro chemical analysis, determination of the composition and structure of textiles, 
identifi cation of fi bers, and methods for determining dyes were used. Also, a paleogenetic analysis of the 
bone remains of the buried was carried out, the results of which were compared with modern haplotypes. 
In addition, items of weapons and horse equipment were preserved and restored. The relatively good 
preservation of items and their undisturbed detection allowed us to reconstruct the graphic appearance of 
a medieval elite nomad warrior and the equipment of a war horse.
Keywords: East Kazakhstan, medieval nomads, Kimeks, Ayan, weapons, horse equipment, textiles, 
reconstruction.

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