Боргуль Н. М. Пособие по основам теории изучаемого языка, печать
§ 2. The connection of Lexicology with other branches of linguistics
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| § 2. The connection of Lexicology with other branches of linguistics
It is but natural that all the branches of linguistics should be originally related. Thus Phonetics will always help us in studying the phonetic peculiarities of words 56 that come from other languages; then it helps us to explain the appearance of some words alike in form but different in meaning. Historical phonetics and historical phonology can be of great use in the diachronic study of synonyms, homonyms and polysemy. When sound changes loosen the ties between members of the same word family, this is an important factor in facilitating semantic changes. The word whole, heal, hail, for instance, are etymologically related (etymology is the branch of linguistics dealing with the origin and history of words). The word whole originally meant ― unharmed ǁ , ― unwounded ǁ . The early verb whole meant ― to make whole ǁ , hence heal . Its sense of ― healthy ǁ led to its use as a salutation, as in the word ― hail ǁ . Having in the course of historical development lost their phonetical similarity, these words cannot now have any restrictive influence upon one another‘s semantic development. Thus hail occurs now in the meaning of ― call ǁ , even with the purpose to stop and arrest (used by sentinels). Stylistics, although from a different angle, studies many problems treated in lexicology. These are the problems of meaning, synonyms, differentiation of vocabulary according to the sphere of communication and some other issues. The difference and interconnection between grammar and lexicology is one of the important controversial issues in linguistics. A close connection between lexicology and grammar is conditioned by the manifold and inseverable ties between the objects of their study. Even isolated words as presented in a dictionary bear a definite relation to the grammatical system of the language because they belong to some part of speech and conform to some lexico-grammatical characteristic of the word class to which they belong. Words are arranged in certain patterns conveying the relations between the things for which they stand, that‘s why together with their lexical meaning they have some grammatical meaning. The grammatical form and function of the words affect its lexical meaning. For example, when the verb to go is followed by an infinitive with the particle to it expresses an intention of a future action. ( I’m going to stay here for the night ). The ties between lexicology and grammar are particularly strong in the sphere of word-formation which before lexicology became a separate branch of linguistics had been considered a part of grammar. There is no doubt that lexicology makes use of the information provided by the history of the language. Changes in the word-stock of the language, the disappearance and appearance of certain word-building elements in the process of language development, the productivity of different ways of vocabulary enrichment, etc. may be well followed only on the basis of a profound historical study. жүктеу/скачать 0,78 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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