35
THYMUS
The
thymus is located behind the sternum. In children it
descends till the level of 5th costal cartilage. M.
sternohyoideus, m. sternothyreoideus and sternum are
located in front of the thymus. At the sides it borders on
mediastinal pleura.
From behind it borders on the left v. brachiocephalica,
superior vena cava, arch of aorta, and pericardium.
The thymus is supplied with blood due to rr. thymici from a.
thoracica interna, and rr. of a. thyroidea inferior.
The venous blood drains to the left v. brachiocephalica and v.
thyroidea inferior. The lymph drains to mediastinal lymph nodes.
The gland is innervated by rr. of nn. vagi, n. phrenicus and
truncus sympathicus. The growths which are formed from the
rests of the thymus (thymomas), while overgrowing cause a
compression of mediastinal organs which results in mediastinal
syndrome. The symptoms of syndrome are: precordialgia,
dyspnoea, cyanosis, heart disorders. Thus, the growths should be
ablated.
There are left and right brachiocephalic veins behind the
thymus in cellular tissue of mediastinum superius. They are
formed behind the corresponding sternoclavicular joint by
means of junction of subclavian and jugular internal veins.
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