Exercise 6 Underline the correct form of the verbs to complete these sentences
1. Steven Spielberg has directed/has been directing over twenty films.
2. He has worked/has been working on a new film since February.
3. Oxford University Press has published/has been publishing thousands of books.
4. They have published/have been publishing for hundreds of years.
5. Madonna has recorded/has been recording albums for more than two decades.
6. She has recorded/has been recording at least ten hit records.
7. I have looked/have been looking for you for ages.
Exercise 7 Choose between Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
1. He knows Africa well because he (travel) a lot there. 2. You (write) this composition for two
hours and can‘t complete it. 3. John is still repairing his car. – He must be tired. He (repair) it all
day. 4. Alice promised to come, but she didn‘t. Something (happen) to her. 5. The children are
drawing. They (draw) since they came home. 6. … they (tell) about their summer plans? 7. My aunt
(have got) the biggest house in the country. 8. I (be) away from my house for many long years. 9.
For how long …you (do) this work? – Since Monday. 10. I suddenly realized that I (think) about
Simon all the day.
Exercise 8 Choose between Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous,
Past Continuous, Past Simple
1. I know Lucy fairly well. I (know) her for years. 2. Ricky (love) Kate passionately since their first
meeting in Canada. 3. Dolly (take) riding lessons for a year or so. 4. Tracy (wait) until I (finish) my
work. 5. It (snow) again. It (snow) all the time here in winter! 6. Dave (play) football professionally
for very long. 7. Barbara constantly (cause) troubles at work when she tried to do everything fast. 8.
Claudia (always/like) sport. 9. I didn‘t like the meat, it (taste) so salty. 10. Andrew (read) Hamlet
but he (never/see) it performed. 11. A new play (appear) at the theater next week. 12. Malcolm is
tired because he (travel) all day. 13. I (phone) you three times. – You see, I (not/translate) the text
so far. I (do) the translation all day. 14. Ted (not/do) his homework so far. He (still/continue) doing
it. 15. The world population (grow) and it‘s really a big problem for our planet. 16. I (sleep) when
somebody (knock) at the door.
34
Test yourself (Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous)
1. What are you doing? – I‘m repairing my son‘s bike. I … it for two hours.
A. am doing
B. have done
C. have been doing
2. I‘ll call for an ambulance. She … weaker and weaker since she had breakfast.
A. has got
B. is getting
C. has been getting
3. He knows this discipline well enough as he … lectures on it for five years.
A. has been delivering
B. has delivered
C. delivered
4. Alice promised to come, but she‘s absent. Something … to her.
A. has happened
B. happened
C. has been happening
5. Dora … the piano. She … since morning.
A. has played, was playing
B. is playing, has played
C. is playing, has been playing
6. My aunt … the big bungalow in the country.
A. has always had
B. always has had
C. has always been having
7. … they … anything about their plans for the summer?
A. Did they told
B. Have they told
C. Have they been telling
8. Jim works as a sales manager. – Really? – He … almost fourth part of all the goods!
A. sold
B. has been selling
C. has sold
35
9. Where‗s Dad? We … for him since 6 p.m. We‘re going to be late.
A. have been waiting
B. have waited
C. waited
10. You … the Module Test for two hours and … it yet.
A. have written, haven‘t completed
B. have been writing, haven‘t completed
C. have written, haven‘t been completing
11. I can‘t stand it any more. Those people … since breakfast.
A. have quarreled
B. quarreled
C. have been quarreling
12. How long … you … for the bus? – Too long.
A. have you been waiting
B. have you waited
C. did you wait
13. I … all the rules, therefore I‘m ready to write this test.
A. learnt
B. have learnt
C. have been learning
14. I … for you all the day. Finally, I … you!
A. have been looking, found
B. have looked, have found
C. was looking, have found
15. The amount of crimes … of late.
A. increased
B. has been increasing
C. has increased
16. The amount of crimes … for the last ten years and never stops!
A. has increased
B. increased
C. has been increasing
17. For how long … you … to convince her to stop the argument? – Almost for an hour.
A. have you been trying
B. have you tried
C. did you try
36
18. Liz is on holiday. She … to France.
А. has gone
В. has been
С. was gone
19. ... too much television lately?
А. She has watched
В. I know that I am seeing
С. Hasn't she been watching
20. Ann is back in Italy now. She … to England.
А. has been
В. has gone
С. was going
21. How many times … to the United States?
А. were you been
В. have you been
С. had you been
22. What a boring film! It`s the most boring film I …
А. ever had seen
В. have ever seen
С. have been ever seen
23. Is this the first time … in hospital?
А. have you been
В. you have been
С. were you been
24. I … smoked for three years.
А. hasn`t
В. haven`t
С. hadn`t
25. I … very well recently
А. haven`t been feeling
В. aren`t being feeling
С. wasn`t feeling
26. How long … English?
А. do you learn
В. have you been learning
С. are you learning
37
Unit 6. Look, Read and Remember
PAST PERFECT
had + V3 форма глагола
Обозначает:
Примеры
Действия, завершившиеся к какому-то
моменту в прошлом
Момент указан обстоятельством времени:
by 5 o'clock, by that time,
by the end of the year
They had come back home by 5
o'clock because of the rain —
Они вернулись домой к 5 часам
из-за дождя.
Действия более ранние, чем прошедшее
время. Прошедшее время употребляется в
Past Simple
I lost the money, which I had
received. — Я потерял деньги,
которые я получил.
Образование времени PAST PERFECT:
(+)
(-)
(?)
Short answer
I
He
She
It
You had done
We
They
I
He
She
It
You had not done
We (hadn`t)
They
I
he
she
it
(What) Had you done
?
we
they
I
he
she
it
Yes, you had.
we
they
No, you had not
(hadn`t).
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
had been + основной глагол с V- ing окончанием
Обозначает:
Примеры
Уже начавшееся и продол-
жавшееся действие ранее дру-
гого прошедшего действия,
выраженного Past Simple
Не had been writing a letter for some time
when you came. — Он уже писал письмо
некоторое время, когда вы пришли.
Действие, которое длилось и
закончилось перед другим
прошедшим действием
She felt tired when I came home as she had
been cleaning the apartment. — Она чувст-
вовала себя очень усталой, когда я пришла
домой, так как убирала квартиру.
38
Образование времени Past Perfect Continuous:
(+)
(-)
(?)
I
He
She
It
You had been reading
We
They
I
He
She
It
You had not been reading
We (hadn`t)
They
I
he
she
(What) it
Had you been reading ?
we
they
Short answer
Yes, I (he, she, it, you, we, they) had.
No, I (he, she, it, you, we, they) had not (hadn`t).
СПОСОБЫ ПЕРЕВОДА НА РУССКИЙ ЯЗЫК ВИДОВРЕМЕННЫХ
ФОРМ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ГЛАГОЛА ПРОШЕДШЕГО ВРЕМЕНИ В
СРАВНЕНИИ
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Continuous
Переводится
глаголом про-
шедшего времени
совершенного и
несовершенного
вида
Переводится
прошедшим
временем
несовершенного
вида
Переводится про-
шедшим
временем
совершенного
вида.
Переводится
глаголом
прошедшего
времени несовер-
шенного вида.
Что делал (а)?
Что сделал (а)?
Что делал (а)?
Что сделал (а)?
Что делал (а)?
It snowed yester-
day. — Вчера шел
снег.
It was snowing
when we left our
house. — Когда
мы вышли из
дома, шел снег.
It had snowed and
we couldn't get to
the village. —
Выпал снег и мы
не смогли
добраться до
деревни.
It had been snowing
for an hour when
we left our house.
— Снег шел уже
около часа, когда
мы вышли из
дома.
39
Grammar Activities (Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous)
Exercise 1 Put the verbs in brackets in Past Perfect
1. I wasn‘t hungry because I (just/have) breakfast. 2. Dad wasn‘t at home when I came back. He (go
out) twenty minutes before. 3. I apologized I (not/phone) her. 4. He told me that he (come back) a
fortnight before. 5. I recognized him at once though I (meet) him many years before. 6. They
couldn‘t believe he (give up) that job. He (make) good living there. 7. Mr. Jackson said that he
(already/buy) everything for lunch. 8. They (finish) painting the ceiling by two o‘clock. 9. Hardly I
(go) to bed when the telephone rang. 10. I kept silence for a while thinking of what he (tell) me.
Exercise 2 Put the verbs in brackets either in Past Perfect or in Past Simple
1. I (wake up) early and got out of bed. 2. I got out of bed an hour later than I (wake up). 3. We
were late. The meeting (start) an hour before. 4. That morning she (dress), (phone) somebody and
left. 5. He was tired because he (work) hard at the office all day. 6. The sun (set), it (get) dark and
we (decide) to look for a camping. 7. He said he (break) the lamp post. 8. I saw a nice kitten when I
(open) the basket. 9. She (hardly/finish) speaking over the phone when the telephone rang again. 10.
They managed to arrive exactly on time because they (take) a taxi.
Exercise 3 Look at the pairs of sentences and number the actions in order
1. a) When I got to the pick- up point, the coach left.
- got to the pick-up point
- coach left
b) When I got to the pick-up point, the coach had left.
- got to the pick-up point
- coach had left
2. a) We all had supper when John came home.
- all had supper
- John came home
b) We had all had supper when John came home.
- had all had supper
- John came home
3. a) When Barry saw his sister, he hadn‘t spoken to her for years.
- Barry saw his sister
- he didn‘t speak to her
b) When Barry saw his sister, he didn‘t speak to her.
- Barry saw his sister
40
- he didn‘t speak to her
4. a) When Jenny phoned, I went out.
- Jenny phoned
- I went out
b) When Jenny phoned, I had gone out.
- Jenny phoned
- I had gone out
Exercise 4 Complete the sentences using Past Simple or Past Perfect
1. I _________ (already see) the film, so I turned down Beth‘s invitation to see it with her.
2. The postman ________ (take) the letters before Ben put his form in the letter box.
3. Sophie ________ (already tell) Mark about the meeting before it was cancelled.
4. I _________ (never experience) the thrill of rafting before I tried it on my holiday.
5. The children _________ (not eat) any lunch because they went to the football match.
6. _______ (you ask) the boss about promotion when he told you to leave?
7. We‘ve got you a little present, but until the last day we _________ (not buy) any souvenirs at all.
8. Chris _________ (already decide) to buy the car before he saw it.
Exercise 5 Chose between Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous and Past
Perfect
1. I (talk) over the phone when they brought me the letter. 2. I visited Brazil in April. I (stay) at a
nice hotel for a fortnight. 3. I (stay) at a hotel for a fortnight to understand that it was the best one at
the seaside. 4. The musician (play) the piano for a whole hour when we came in. 5. Alice closed the
magazine and rose from the sofa on which she (lie) for more than two hours. 6. The man (be)
unconscious for a few minutes when the ambulance arrived. 7. I (talk) over the phone when the
porter (arrive). 8. I hardly (finish) speaking with the porter when the phone rang again. 9. First I
(answer) the phone, then I (switch off) it. 10. And I began doing my room instead of going to the
movies with my friends, as I (plan) before.
Exercise 6 Translate into English
1. Марко пригласил Хелен на обед, но она сказала, что уже пообедала. 2. Она проучилась на
врача уже два года, когда поняла, что это то, чем она всегда хотела заниматься. 3. Не
удивительно, что Сара так устала. Она сделала всю работу, которую планировала сделать в
течение недели, за два дня.4. С тех пор, как мы приехали в Лондон, погода была ужасная. 5.
Даниель любил часами рассказывать нам обо всѐм интересном, что произошло с ним. 6. Том
сказал, что был женат уже три раза. 7. Киев сильно изменился прежде, чем мы там побывали.
41
Test yourself (Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous)
1. I … the net for two hours when suddenly the connection was aborted.
A. had surfed
B. had been surfing
C. has been surfing
2. They … for half an hour when the taxi arrived.
A. were waiting
B. have been waiting
C. had been waiting
3. We … all the money we … during the month, after we did the Christmas shopping.
A. were spending, earned
B. had spent, earned
C. spent, had earned
4. I had my exams in January, I … the examination material for a fortnight.
A. was learning
B. had learnt
C. had been learning
5. I … all the examination material when I was informed that it was postponed.
A. had been learning
B. had learnt
C. learnt
6. The lecture … for twenty minutes, when they entered the lecture room.
A. had been going on
B. was going on
C. had gone on
7. The lecture … when they entered the lecture room.
A. had been starting
B. started
C. had started
8. She finished the thesis that she … for several years.
A. was doing
B. had done
C. had been doing
9. We … thirty kilometers by car when we understood that we were going the wrong way.
A. had been travelling
42
B. were travelling
C. had travelled
10. I … half my way to the station when I recollected that I … my purse at home.
A. went, left
B. went, had left
C. had been going, left
11. I knew she … everything to win but failed.
A. did
D. was doing
C. had done
12. I hardly … printing the documents when the director called for them.
A. had finished
B. finished
C. was finishing
13. We … tickets for the train but not the plane, as we … before.
A. had bought, had been planning
B. bought, had planned
C. had been buying, had planned
14. She … where he … , nobody could find him.
A. didn‘t know, went
B. hadn‘t known, had gone
C. didn‘t know, had gone
15. I … I … the door.
A. had been sure, locked
B. was sure, had been locking
C. was sure, had locked
16. When I … home, my son … playing the computer for two hours.
A. came, had played
B. had been coming, was playing
C. came, had been playing
17. I … so much before I … a millionaire.
A. had been working, had become
B. was working, became
C. had worked, became
18. Sam gained weight because he ...
А. was eating too much.
43
В. had been overeating.
С. every day a lot of food eats.
19. They said that they ... when they finally found the house.
А. were walking for an hour
В. had been walking for two hours
С. have been walking since one hour
20. Chef Jones ... dinners for two years, before he moved to Paris.
А. had been preparing fantastic
В. prepared fantastically
С. has been preparing delicious
21. I had been reading for an hour ...
А. when my friend returned.
В. lately.
С. tomorrow morning.
22. I was really angry at John yesterday. By the time he... I had been waiting for over an hour.
А. arrives to mend the car
В. finally arrived
С. will come to an university
23. The local cinema was no longer there. It … down.
A. has closed
B. had closed
C. is closed
24. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she … for a long time.
A. was been waiting
B. has been waiting
C. had been waiting
25. I didn`t recognize Mrs Johnson. She … a lot.
A. had changed
B. will change
C. was changed
26. How long ... when the bus finally came?
A. were you wait
B. had you been waiting
C. are you waiting
44
Unit 7. Look, Read and Remember
Used to, would, be used to, get used to
Used to
Used to + (основная форма глагола) для действий и состояний, которые
регулярно происходили в прошлом и для прошлых привычек с глаголами
состояния, но которые сейчас больше не происходят. На русский язык
переводится прошедшим временем глагола несовершенного вида.
I used to smoke. (But I don`t now).
Я курил. (Но сейчас я не курю).
Pete used to play the piano. (But he doesn`t any more).
Пит играл на пианино. (Но сейчас он больше не играет).
(+)
(?)
(-)
I used to play tennis a lot
when I was a child, but
now I am too lazy.
Я играл в теннис много,
когда был ребѐнком, но
сейчас я слишком ленив
.
He used to be very strong
in his youth.
В молодости он был очень
сильным.
When I lived in a big city,
I often used to go to the
theatre.
Когда я жил в большом
городе, я часто ходил в
театр.
I used to drink, but now I
don`t.
Раньше я пил, но сейчас
нет.
Did you use to play
tennis a lot when you
were a child?
Did he use to be very
strong in his youth?
Did you often use to go
to the theatre when you
lived in a big city?
Did you use to drink
before?
I didn`t use to play
tennis a lot when I was a
child.
He didn`t use to be very
strong in his youth.
I didn`t often use to go to
the theatre when I lived in
a big city.
I didn`t use to drink
before.
Would
Would + (основная форма глагола) употребляется тогда, когда мы
возвращаемся в прошлое и вспоминаем вещи, которые часто происходили в то
время. Не употребляйте would с
глаголами состояния (это глаголы, которые
описывают состояние души, тела или сознания, а также постоянные
отношения). С глаголами состояния употребляются used to или Past Simple.
When we were children, we lived by the sea. In summer, if the weather was fine, we
all would get up early and go for a swim.
Когда мы были детьми, мы жили у моря. Летом, когда была хорошая погода, мы вставали
рано и ходили плавать.
The children would collect stones and shells on the beach every summer.
Каждое лето на берегу моря дети собирали камни и ракушки.
I would often go to see my old history teacher.
Я часто навещал моего старого учителя истории.
Нельзя сказать: I would have long hair… или We would know each other well…
45
Вe used to / get used to
Be used to выражает действие, которое прежде было трудным, незнакомым,
непривычным, а теперь стало знакомым и привычным. В этом выражении
used является прилагательным и имеет значение familiar with (близкий,
привычный, знакомый, хорошо известный). Можно употреблять be used to в
настоящем или прошедшем времени. Используйте имя существительное или –
ing форму после be used to.
I found it difficult to get around London when I first came, but I`m used to it now.
Когда я впервые приехал в Лондон, мне было трудно ездить по городу, но сейчас я к этому
привык.
I`m used to getting around London by tube.
Я привык ездить по Лондону на метро.
I`m used to getting up early in the morning. (I do it often).
Я по привычке встаю утром рано. (Я делаю это часто).
I was used to working long hours in my last job. (I often worked long hours).
Я привык много работать на моей прошлой работе. (Я часто много работал).
Употребляйте get used to для выражения процесса изменения или привыкания.
Можно употреблять get used to cо всеми временами. Используйте имя
существительное или –ing форму после get used to.
I`m getting used to living here. (I`m becoming accustomed to it).
Я привыкаю к проживанию здесь. (Я становлюсь привыкшим к этому).
I got used to life on the farm. (It became familiar to me).
Я привык к жизни на ферме. (Она стала привычной для меня).
I`m getting used to the climate.
Я привыкаю к климату.
Don`t worry. You`ll get used to eating with chopsticks.
Не беспокойтесь. Вы привыкнете есть палочками.
46
Grammar Activities (Used to, would, get used to)
Exercise 1. For each of the following sentences, choose either "used to" or "would".
1. Do you remember how your Uncle David …………………………sit in that chair and smoke
those disgusting cigars.
2. Your mother ……………………….……….have a Yorkshire Terrier when she was a young girl,
didn't she?
3. For years, they ……………….………..go on holiday to the Rockies, but then it became very
fashionable and, hence, expensive.
4. Years ago, I …………………………….write a diary every day but then I got bored with doing it
and I stopped. Maybe it was my life that was boring!
5. At the start of their marriage, they …………………………..be very happy - but then it all went
wrong!
6. You ……………………..………spell so well. What has happened?
7. When I was five, I ……………………..…….….be able to do incredible gymnastics. Now I can't
even touch my toes.
8. Before getting my driving license, I …………………………ride a bicycle everywhere.
Exercise 2. Choose one correct variant.
When I was at school, I ................. chocolate. Now I don't
Used to like b) wouldn‘t like c) use to like d) would to like
Where ......(you/live)........ before you came to London?
Would you live b) did you use to live c) did you used to live d)you used to live
I..........(not/read) a lot of books when I was a child.
didn't use to read b) didn't used to read c) use not read d) don‘t read
I like having short hair but when I was at university I……………………..
not used to having short hair b) used to have long hair c) used to have short hair d) didn't use to
have long hair
After school I ..............
didn't use to go basketball training b) used to go to basketball training c) used to go basketball
training d) would go basketball training
Exercise 3.
Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of USED TO or BE USED TO.
1. I ………………..… play with animals when I was little.
2. He ………doing different jobs.
3. ………….……the children ……………………..go to bed so late last summer?
4. She´s a very sporty person. She …………………..……running for an hour every day.
47
5. There ………………………....be a church where the shopping center is now.
Exercise 4. Put used to, be used to or get used to.
He ……………….. (be) fat but now he's thin.
He …………………. (not/drive) in these bad conditions.
How did you …………………………….(work) in the middle of this mess?
I need some time to …………………(live) in this town.
I'm not ……………………..(wash) linen by hand.
She'll ………………….(live) in the extremely cold winter of Siberia.
My mother didn't …………………….……(drink) much coffee. But now she has become addicted
to it.
There ……………..…. (be) a lot of trees in this court yard. They have all been cut down.
Did you ……………………………(write) poems when you were young?
Sting ………………………..(be) a teacher before he became a famous singer.
My mum ……………....(have) a headache while helping me with my Math homework. I
…………... (feel) really sorry for her.
If you go to live in Britain, you will have to …………..….. (drive) on the left.
Your sister ………..……(have) a Yorkshire Terrier when she was a young girl, didn't she?
I work as an international manager and I ……………..(travel) by air.
When you become a student, you ……….. (stay up late) because you will need to study hard.
When he was younger he ……………… (cut) his hair short.
Exercise 5. Put used to, be used to or get used to in the correct form
Katrina............... take dance classes when she was a little girl. She took ballet lessons first, and
later she learned out to tap dance and jazz dance. Every time she had the opportunity, she
...............practice her dance steps. When she started wearing ballet shoes, it took some time to
..............................them because her feet often hurt.
Now Katrina is 23 and she is a professional dancer. She ......................wearing ballet shoes as well
as tap shoes and jazz shoes. She ........................ perform in small theaters, but now she performs in
front of large audiences. She ...........................worry that it would be hard to make a living as a
dancer and she is very happy that she is so successful.
The most difficult thing about Katrina's career is her schedule. She had to ............................. the
long work hours during performances. She often has to practice and perform for 10 hours per day.
Even though she ............................. it now, her boyfriend often misses her while she's working. He
says he will never ...................... eating dinner alone. When he had more time, he
...........................go to all of her performances, but now he usually just goes to one or two.
48
Test yourself (Used to, would, used to, be used to, get used to)
1. I'm not used to ____ up this early.
A. get
B. getting
C. got
2. I used to ____ a lot.
A. read
B. reading
C. would
3. You'll have to get used to ____ on the right when you live there.
A. drive
B. driving
C. drove
4. I didn't use to ____ it, but I do now.
A. liked
B. liking
C. like
5. I found it hard to get used to ____ in such a hot country.
A. lived
B. living
C. live
6. Where did you use to ____ when you visited?
A. stayed
B. staying
C. stay
7. It took me a while to get used to ____ the language.
A. spoke
B. speak
C. speaking
8. I used to ____ hard when I was a student.
A. work
B. working
C. worked
9. On Sundays, after his football match, Bob ________ come home exhausted
A. used to
B. would
49
C. do
10. I'm not used to ____ so much tea.
A. drank
B. drink
C. drinking
11. You ______ like him... Yes, but now I hate him !
A. would
B. would like
C. used to
12. She___________ live in London before the war, then she moved to New York.
A. used to
B. used
C. would
13. I remember we ____________ go fishing every morning when I was a child. It was great. Now,
I am an accountant and I don't have any free time.
A. does
B. will
C. used to
14. The children ________________ often help me to make a cake. However, now they are so busy
with their homework that they don‘t do it anymore.
A. used to
B. would
C. use
15. He ____________ be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
A. would
B. use to
C. used to
16. Everytime my grandfather came here, he ______swim in this river. Unfortunately, now it's
forbidden
A. used to
B. would
C. would like
17. Have you got used to ____ it yet?
A. did
B. do
C. doing
50
Unit 8. Look, Read and Remember
Future Forms (Способы выражения будущего времени)
В английском языке нет единого способа выражения будущего времени как во
многих европейских языках. Существует несколько форм, с помощью которых
можно передать будущее время:
will, going to, Present Continuous, Present Simple:
I `ll see you later
. (Увидимся позже).
We `re going to see a film tonight.
(Мы собираемся посмотреть фильм сегодня вечером).
I `m visiting my granny on Wednesday.
(Я навещу бабушку в среду).
My train arrives at 10 tomorrow morning.
(Мой поезд прибывает завтра в 10 утра).
Образование утвердительной и отрицательной форм:
will
I,
he, she, it,
we, you, they
will (`ll)
won`t
help you.
watch the football
match tonight.
Going to
I am (I`m) / I`m not
He, she, it is(`s) / isn`t
We, you, they are (`re)/ aren`t
going to
Present
Continuous
I am (I`m) / I`m not
He, she, it is(`s) / isn`t
We, you, they are (`re)/ aren`t
catch ing the 10.00 train
Present Simple I, you, we, they
He, she, it
leave / don`t leave at 6.
leaves/ doesn`t leave
Образование вопросительной формы:
will
What time
will
I,
he, she, it,
we, you, they
arrive?
Going to
am
is
are
I,
he, she, it,
we, you, they
going to arrive?
Present Continuous
am
is
are
I,
he, she, it,
we, you, they
meet ing the manager?
Present Simple
do
does
I, you, we, they
he, she, it
arrive?
Will
Случаи употребления
Примеры
Перевод
Will выражает будущий
факт или предположение
(предсказание); действие
свершится, основываясь на
факт или личное мнение
говорящего (теоретическое
I `ll be 30 in a few days`
time.
Our love will last forever.
It will be cold and wet
tomorrow, I`m afraid.
Через несколько дней
мне будет 30.
Наша любовь будет
вечной.
Боюсь, что завтра
будет холодно и сыро.
51
или абстрактное), часто c
такими фразами, как:
I think…, I hope…,
I`m sure…, I`m afraid…
I think Laura will do well
in her exams. She works
hard.
Думаю, что Лора
хорошо сдаст
экзамены. Она
усердно работает.
Решение о совершении
будущего действия
возникло в момент речи.
Oh, I forgot to tell her. I`ll
talk to her now.
I`ll phone you back in a
minute.
‗The phone`s ringing‘. ‗I`ll
get it‘.
Ой, я забыла ей
рассказать. Я скажу
ей сейчас.
Я перезвоню вам через
минуту.
«Телефон звонит». «Я
отвечу».
Будущее действие в
главной части сложного
предложения с
придаточными условия и
времени, c такими
союзами, как: if, when,
before, as soon as, unless
You`ll feel better if you
take this medicine.
When you are ready, we`ll
start the meeting.
As soon as Peter comes,
we`ll have dinner.
Вам станет легче.
Если вы примите это
лекарство.
Когда вы будете
готовы, мы начнѐм
собрание.
Как только Питер
вернѐтся, мы
пообедаем.
Going to
Случаи употребления
Примеры
Перевод
Going to употребляется
для выражения
намерения совершить
действие или
уверенности в его
совершении в будущем,
Решение о совершении
будущего действия было
принято раньше, до
момента речи и имеет
значение собираюсь,
намерен;
I am going to learn
French next year.
He is going to spend his
summer holidays in the
Crimea.
Я собираюсь (намерен)
изучать французский
язык в будущем году.
Он собирается провести
летние каникулы в
Крыму.
Существует предпосылка
для будущего события.
Going to выражает
предсказание,
основанное на
настоящем очевидном
факте, когда ясно, что
что-то обязательно
произойдѐт, мы можем
увидеть будущее с
позиции настоящего.
She`s going to have baby.
(Look at her belly).
Look at those clouds, it`s
going to rain.
The sky is clearing up; the
rain is going to stop in a
minute.
У неѐ будет ребѐнок.
(Посмотрите на еѐ
живот).
Посмотрите на облака,
пойдѐт дождь.
Небо проясняется;
дождь прекратится
через минуту.
52
C глаголами to go, to
come Present Continuous
от глагола to go обычно
не употребляется
He is going there (not: He
is going to go there).
She is coming here (not:
She is going to come
here).
Он собирается пойти
туда.
Она намерена прийти
сюда.
Present Continuous
Случаи употребления
Примеры
Перевод
Существует личная
договорѐнность
между
людьми о
будущем
действии или событие
запланировано,
особенно если время и
место уже определены.
Событие должно
произойти в ближайшем
будущем.
What are you doing
tonight? I`m having dinner
with Ally.
I`m meeting John at 4 p.m.
We`re playing tennis this
afternoon.
Что вы делаете сегодня
вечером? Я обедаю с Элли.
Я встречусь с Джоном в 4.
Мы будем играть в теннис
сегодня после обеда.
Будущее длительное
действие в придаточных
предложениях условия и
времени
If I am sleeping when you
come, wake me up.
Если я буду спать, когда вы
придѐте, разбудите меня.
Present Simple
Случаи
употребления
Примеры
Перевод
Событие закреплено
в календаре или
расписании
It`s my birthday tomorrow.
My flight leaves at 11.00.
Term starts on 2 February.
What time does the film start?
Мой день рождения
завтра.
Мой вылет в 11.00
Семестр начнѐтся 2
февраля.
Когда начнѐтся фильм?
Будущее действие в
придаточных
предложениях
условия и времени c
союзами if, when,
before, as soon as,
unless
We`ll have a picnic if the
weather stays fine.
When I get home, I`ll cook the
dinner.
I`ll leave as soon as it stops
raining.
Мы пойдѐм на пикник,
если будет стоять
хорошая погода.
Когда я доберусь до
дома, я приготовлю обед.
Я уйду, как только
закончится дождь.
53
Grammar Activities (Future forms)
Exercise 1. Will or be going to? Choose the correct option.
1. We made a decision about our holidays. We ……………....around Europe (travel).
2. A: ―I‘m with a terrible headache.‖
B: ― I ………………………..…. you an aspirin (get).
3. Peter ………………….…..his children to the zoo (take). He has already the entrance tickets.
4. I‘m sure Bruno ………………….………..……the race tomorrow (win).
5. It‘s very cold today. It ………………………..………(snow).
6. Robots …………….…………the housework in the future (do).
7. Bill, …………………………..…..me washing the car? (help)
8. Temperatures ………………………………….….a lot in the future (rise).
Exercise 2. Tick the correct sentences.
1. I'm visiting my friends in the USA next week.
2. I'm being a doctor when I finish university.
3. Tom's starting university next month.
4. We're being rich and famous one day.
5. I'm speaking perfect English in 6 months.
6. Are you staying in a hotel or a campsite this weekend?
7. I've just bought the tickets! I'm travelling round Asia
next year!
8. One day I'm winning the lottery.
Exercise 3. Use Present Simple or Present Continuous
What time ………….(the train to Oxford/leave)?
What ………..(do) tomorrow afternoon? I …………(visit) my aunt.
The film …………..at quarter to nine. (start)
What time …………(we/have/the geography test)?
What …………(she/cook) for our birthday tomorrow? She …………….(cook) a delicious
chocolate and cream cake.
Exercise 4. Choose the correct option to finish the sentences
Tomorrow morning Anne and Tom
go to Liverpool to visit their grandparents.
are going to Liverpool to visit their grandparents
is going to Liverpool to visit their grandparents.
2. I think tonight's film
54
a) start at 9:00 on channel
b) is starting at 9:00 on channel
c) starts at 9:00 on channel 4
3. Our students
a) are taking a very difficult English test next week
b) took a very difficult English test next week
c) takes a very difficult English test next week
4. I'm so bored! What time
a) do this lesson finish?
b) does this lesson finish?
c) is this lesson finishing?
5. My sister
a) is travelling to London tomorrow morning
b) travels to London tomorrow morning
c) travel to London tomorrow morning
6. I promise,
a) I won‘t tell it to anyone
b) I am not going to tell it to anyone
c) I doesn‘t tell it to anyone
Exercise 5. Choose the correct future form to complete the sentences below.
1. I'm hungry - Oh, I............... (make) you a sandwich.
2. He........................ (study) Law at Sheffield University next year.
3. Oh darling! I love you so much, .......................(you/marry) me?
4. The flight ...................(leave) at 8 p.m.
5. Look at those clouds! It........................ (rain) any minute.
6. Jack ........................(meet) Kim tomorrow afternoon.
7. I think he................................. (be) very successful.
8. When .........................(visit) me next year?
9. Who do you think ........................(win) the next national elections?
10. We are............................ (fly) to Warsaw next week for a meeting with the advisory board.
11. I promise you: I ........................(finish) my homework on time next week.
12. I'll take this letter to the post office when I .......................... (go) into town this afternoon.
13. Bye! I ...................... (be) back!
14.
The President ............................. (arrive)at 6:00pm
55
Test yourself (Future forms)
1.
We _____ my aunt next week on Friday. It will be her birthday.
A. are visiting
B. visited
C. is visiting
2 ____________ to dinner tonight?
A. does he come
B. will he come
C. is he coming
3. His cousin ______ for New York tomorrow.
A. is leaving
B. leave
C. left
4. The weather forecast says the sun _____ tomorrow.
A. will shine
B. shines
C. is shining
5. Oh, look at those clouds! It_______ rain.
A. 's going to
B. won't
C. is
6. Yes, we have bought the tickets to the concert and we _______________ next Friday. I'm so
excited.
A. will go
B. won't go
C. are going
7. Where _____ on holidays?
A. is he going
B. you are going to go
C. he is going
8.
There's someone at the door.'
A. 'OK. I'm opening it.'
B 'OK. I'll open it.'
C. 'OK. I'm going to open it.'
9.
This is the last question. What score do you think
56
A. you are getting?
B. will get?
C. will be getting?
10.
What __________ at the weekend?
A. will you do
B. are you going to do
C. are you do
11.
I haven't got any plans for the weekend.
A. I'll probably stay at home.
B. I'm going to stay at home.
C. I will stay at home.
12.
When I get home tonight
A. I will watch TV
B. I'm watching TV
C. I'm going to watch TV
13.
Do you think
A. you are you going to retire before you're sixty?
B. you will retire before you're sixty?
C. you are retiring before you're sixty?
14.
If you keep running around on this slippery floor
A. you will fall over
B. you're going to fall over
C. you're falling over
15.
When we go to Paris
A. I will climb the Eiffel Tower
B. I'm climbing the Eiffel Tower
C. I'm going to climb the Eiffel Tower
16.
Have you seen the weather forecast?
A. It is hot again.
B. It'll be hot again.
C. It's going to be hot again.
17.
'Have a good flight'.
A. 'Thanks. I'll give you a call as soon as I get there.'
B. 'Thanks. Im giving you a call as soon as I get there.'
C. 'Thanks. I'm going to give you a call as soon as I get
57
Unit 9. Look, Read and Remember
Passive Voice (Пассивный залог)
образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be и Достарыңызбен бөлісу: |