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1. Usually not tape-recorded: language is fleeting.
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2. Purpose for listening is clear.
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3. Listening happens in a context
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4. We listen because we want to.
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5. Language is not simplified.
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6. We usually see the speaker when we listen (apart from radio and telephone).
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7. We usually respond as the discourse is going on.
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8. Environmental clues: provide info about the situation, speakers and general atmosphere
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9. Shortness of the chunks: usual pattern: a short period of listening > listener response > further short spell of listening > further response. Formal speech is less interrupted.
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10. Informal speech most of the discourse we hear is quite informal, being both spontaneous and colloquial in character.
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The importance of listening in language learning can hardly be overestimated. Through reception, we internalize linguistic information without which we could not produce language. In classrooms, students always do more listening than speaking. Listening competence is universally "larger" than speaking competence. Is it any wonder, then, that in recent years the language teaching profession has placed a concerted emphasis on listening comprehension?
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