List of typical phrases (clichés) for writing annotations

The article introduces/presents/gives/describes/reveals/contains/ … .

The article points out that … .

The publication deals with … .

The study/paper presents/discusses … .

The paper shows/presents/regards/examines … .

The author considers/outlines/concludes/ points out … .

The author concentrates on … .

The author views/reviews/ presents … .

The author analyses how …/ examines why … /.

The author mentions/ stresses … .

The author believes … .

The author underlines that … / outlines/ concludes … .

According to the author/ in the author’s opinion … .

The author calls attention to the fact that … .

The author analyses/compares/determines/states … .

The author summarizes the results of … .

Data shows/covers … .

It is believed

It is considered

It is expected

It is known

It is to be noted