Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов специальности «Дизайн»
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Sugonyako
| Paintings. Paintings are usually on wood panels or canvas and have a mul-
tilayered structure in which one or more of the components may break down. SUPPORTS . Both wood and canvas are subject to dimensional changes with variations in relative humidity and temperature. Panels, especially if composed of several pieces of wood joined together, are prone to splitting and warping. In the past this was corrected by applying a wooden framework (cradle) to the back, or by reinforcing joins and splits with wooden buttons; these methods may, however, cause further damage by introducing new stresses. Canvas weakens with age, particularly at points of high stress such as the edges where it is attached to the stretcher, and becomes incapable of supporting the ground and paint layers. The usual remedy is to line the painting; this involves attaching a new canvas to the back of the original with a glue, resin, or wax-based adhe- sive. The majority of paintings more than 100 years old have been lined, some- times as a preventive measure. Nowadays much research is carried out into im- proved lining methods, which use synthetic fabrics and adhesives; nevertheless lining is avoided whenever possible because it entails the risk of permanently altering the appearance and surface texture of the painting. In conditions of high humidity (above 70 percent relative humidity) supports ma be attacked by mold or insects, requiring fumigation with fungicide or insecticide. GROUND AND PAINT LAYERS . Movement of the support and faulty painting technique may cause cleavage o paint and ground, which cracks and becomes detached. If unchecked this will result in paint loss, therefore loose flakes must be consolidated with adhesive and reattached. VARNISH . Natural resin varnishes, and some synthetic varnishes, eventually become yellow, brittle, or cloudy, and the paint surface is dulled or concealed. Removal of varnish should only be carried out by a conservator. жүктеу/скачать 0,79 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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