Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по образовательной программе
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Шеттілдік
| Grammatical habits are components of all kinds of speech activity: speaking,
reading, auding and writing. A grammatical habit – is an accurate automatic use of grammar material in communication. All grammatical habits of speaking can be divided into two groups: 1. morphological speech habits 2. syntactical habits To the first group refer the habits of accurate use of endings, all grammatical forms. To the second group belong the habits of correct distribution of words in all kinds of sentences (word order). In written speech, besides morphological and syntactical habits there are graphic and spelling habits. Grammatical habits of speaking and writing refer to reproduction habits. 43 Grammatical habits of auding and reading refer to reception grammatical habits. They help to recognize and understand grammar items, in other words, they are automatic reception of morphological and syntactical forms. 2. A short characteristics of the grammatical system of the English language The main difficulty in learning a foreign language is the necessity to switch off from the grammar structure of the mother tongue to the grammar structure of the target language. Each language has its own way of combining words and changing forms of words. In English, for example, the word order in the sentence is more important than in Russian. The word order in the sentence Peter gave Bob a ball shows what was given by whom and to whom. If we change the order of words and say Bob gave Peter a ball, the meaning of the sentence will be different. In Russian we can say Питер дал Бобу мяч и Бобу дал Питер мяч. The meaning is the same, as the ending y shows the object of the action. Are before you (are you) shows that the sentence is interrogative. Russian-speaking students often change the word-order in English sentences and consequently make bad mistakes. Another great difficulty for Russian-speaking students is the system of tense forms in the English language. A Russian-speaking pupil is puzzled why he must say “I have done this today” and “I did it yesterday” (сделал). In both sentences the actions are completed and the student doesn’t connect the actions with the words today and yesterday. One more difficulty of English grammar is the sequence of tenses, because there are no such rules in Russian. Why a Russian-speaking student must say: She said she was busy. When she is busy? Very difficult is the use of modal verbs. Students must discriminate between can and may, while in Russian there is only “могу” for these meanings. Russian-speaking students have difficulties with the infinitive, gerund and жүктеу/скачать 1,01 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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