"SCIENCE AND EDUCATION IN THE MODERN WORLD:
CHALLENGES OF THE XXI CENTURY"
NUR-SULTAN, KAZAKHSTAN, JULY 2019
197
classified as experiential learning. He classifies experiential learning
as a process in which
knowledge is produced through experience.
He formed his theory from the notion that education is lacking the inclusion of an individual‘s
concrete experience. In his experiential learning model he describes learning as a process that
begins with a concrete experience, followed by reflective observation, then abstract
conceptualisation and lastly followed by active experimentation.
CONCRETE EXPERIENCE
(CE)
ACTIVE EXPERIMENTATION REFLECTIVE
OBSERVATION
(AI)
(RO)
ABSTRACT CONCEPTUALISATION
(AC)
Picture 1. Kolb‘s model of experiential learning (Marentič Požarnik, 1992)
a. CONCRETE EXPERIENCE – the focus is on a concrete experience and not on the theory or
generalizations.
b. REFLECTIVE OBSERVATION – the phase derived
from the concrete experience, we are
trying to think about the experience and understand it.
c. ABSTRACT CONCECEPTUALISATION – the focus is on the logical assumptions and
understanding. The use of theories to explain the observed events.
d. ACTIVE EXPERIMENTATION – new knowledge is put to the test in new situations which
leads to a new concrete experience.
3. ENTREPRENEURSHIP, THE ENTREPRENEUR
AND THE BUSINESS IDEA
Entrepreneurship can be defined as (Čargan F., 2008) a basic philosophy and style of economic
development and a basic economic process. At the same time it is the source of progress and
development of the entire sociological life and the process of creating value, in which the
entrepreneur gathers the necessary resources needed for the
realization of a business
opportunity.
Entrepreneurship increases competition, technological advancement and therefore influences
societies‘ welfare. It‘s a process in which entrepreneurs use their realized business ideas to
influence the progress of society and economy.
Entrepreneurs are individuals
that start new companies, therefore taking on the risk but at the
same time creating and innovating new goods and services. They invest both theirs‘ and others‘
financial assets into the development of goods and services with the intent to succeed on the
market and successfully sell their goods and services.
Among the key traits of an entrepreneur are (Ušaj Hvalič T. et al., 2006):
-
Desire to succeed, focus on ideas, opportunities and goals,
-
Taking initiative and
personal responsibility,
-
Perseverance, optimism and intuitiveness,
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Calculated risk taking, independence and determination,
-
Honesty and trust,
-
Innovativeness, creativity and adaptability…