Боргуль Н. М. Пособие по основам теории изучаемого языка, печать
occlusive , in the production of which a complete obstruction is formed; b) constrictive
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| occlusive
, in the production of which a complete obstruction is formed; b) constrictive , in the production of which an incomplete obstruction is formed. The phonological relevance of this feature could be exemplified in the following oppositions: [ti : ] – [ si : ] tea – sea (ocl. – constr.) [si : d] - [si : z] seed – seas (ocl. – constr.) [pul] - [ful] pull – full (ocl. – constr.) [bout] – [vout] boat – vote (ocl. – constr.) Each of the two classes is divided into noise consonants and sonorants . The division is based on the factor of prevailing either noise or tone component in the auditory characteristic of a sound. In their turn noise consonants are divided into plosive consonants (or stops ) and affricates . Consonants occlusive constrictive noise consonants sonorants noise consonants sonorants plosives affricates medial lateral (stops) Another point of view is shared by a group of Soviet phoneticians. They suggest that the first and basic principle of classification should be the degree of noise. Such consideration leads to dividing English consonants into 2 general kinds: noise consonants and s onorants . Sonorants are sounds that differ greatly from all other consonants of the language and are consonants that phoneticians have traditionally a lot of argument about. This is largely due to the fact that in their production the air passage between the two organs of speech is fairly wide (wider than in the production of noise consonants). As a result, the auditory effect is tone, not noise. This peculiarity makes sonorants sound more like vowels than consonants. On this ground some of the British phoneticians refer some of these consonants to the class of semivowels , [r], [j], [w], for example. Acoustically sonorants are opposed to all other consonants because they are characterized by sharply defined formant structure and the total energy of most of them is very high. 42 The place of articulation is another characteristic of English consonants which would be considered from the phonological point of view. The place of articulation is determined by the active organ of speech against the point of articulation. According to this principle the English consonants are classed into: жүктеу/скачать 0,78 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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