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- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- Total: 46 23.0
- Table 16: Autumn migration 2011 - Bird count № 1 а (Test area) Territory of the future plant (geographical coordinates: N 49,43,813; Е 31,34,564)
- Total: 29 14.5
- Table 17: Autumn migration 2011 - Bird count № 2 а (Test area) Territory of the old tailings pond (geographical coordinates: N 49,42,464; Е 31,37,023).
- Total: 53 17.7
- Table 18: Autumn migration 2011 - Bird count № 3 а (Test area) Territory of the new tailings pond (geographical coordinates: N 49,42,367; Е 31,37,496).
- Total: 73 18.25
- Appendix 4.9.14: Birds – All Recorded Species 2010-2011
- Types of birds inhabiting steppes and forest-steppe zones
- All bird species observed within the BMV site and Kyzyl-Su River valley (reference area) during the 2010 and 2011 surveys
- Types of birds inhabiting in wet-lands
- Appendix 4.9.15: Terrestrial Invertebrates
- Species of Conservation concern
- Please note troop means Order and Sem means family.
Total: 103 Date: 30.09.2011; time: 8.00 – 9.30; distance walked – 1 km. Note: * - IUCN The Red List (CR – critically endangered, EN – endangered, VU – vulnerable, NT-Near threatened)
№
Total in 2 km Average per 1 km Per 1 sq. km English name Latin name 1 Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 1 0.5 1.0 2 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 1 0.5 0.5 3 Gadwall A. strepera 3 1.5 1.5 4 Magpie Pica pica 6 3.0 6.0 5 Jackdaw Corvus monedula 2 1.0 2.0 6 Skylark
Alauda arvensis 18 9.0 90.0 7 Sand Martin Riparia riparia 4 2.0 20.0 8 Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 10 5.0 50.0 9 Asure Tit Parus cyanus 1 0.5 5.0 Total: 46 23.0 Date: 30.09.2011; time: 9.30 – 11.00; distance walked – 2 km. Note: * - IUCN The Red List (CR – critically endangered, EN – endangered, VU – vulnerable, NT-Near threatened)
№
Total in 2 km Average per 1 km Per 1 sq. km English name Latin name 1 Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo 1 0.5 0.5 2 Pallid Harrier * (NT) Circus macrourus 1 0.5 0.5 3 Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 1 0.5 1.0 4 Hooded Crow Corvus cornix 10 5.0 10.0 5 Carrion Crow Corvus corone 1 0.5 1.0 6 Jackdaw Corvus monedula 5 2.5 5.0 7 Magpie Pica pica 1 0.5 1.0 8 Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 7 3.5 35.0 9 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla 2 1.0 10.0 Total:__29__14.5'>Total: 29 14.5 Date: 1.10.2011; time: 15.30 – 17.30; distance walked – 2km Note: * - IUCN The Red List (CR – critically endangered, EN – endangered, VU – vulnerable, NT-Near threatened)
№
Total in 3 km Average per 1 km Per 1 sq. km English name Latin name 1 Mallard
Anas platyrhynchos 7 2.3 2.3 2 Gadwall A. strepera 3 1.0 1.0 3 Garganey A. querquedula 4 1.3 2.6 3 Magpie Pica pica 1 0.3 0.6 4 Great Grey Shrike Lanius exubitor 1 0.3 0.6 6 Skylark Alauda arvensis 1 0.3 3.0 7 White Wagtail Motacilla alba 1 0.3 3.0 8 Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 25 8.3 83.0 9 Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs 5 1.7 17.0 10 Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus 2 0.7 7.0 11 Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybitus 3 1.0 10.0 Total: 53 17.7 Date: 1.10.2011; time: 8.00 – 11.00; distance walked – 3 km. Note: * - IUCN The Red List (CR – critically endangered, EN – endangered, VU – vulnerable, NT-Near threatened)
№
Total in 4 km Average per 1 km Per 1 sq. km English name Latin name 1 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 4 1.0 1.0 2 Golden Eagle * (Cat III - rare) Aquila chrysaetus 1 0.25 0.25 3 Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 1 0.25 0.5 4 Hooded Crow Corvus cornix 2 0.5 1.0 5 Rook Corvus frugilegus 20 5.0 10.0 6 Isabelline Wheater Oenanthe isabellina 1 0.25 2.5 7 Skylark Alauda arvensis 6 1.5 15.0 8 Linnet Acanthis cannabina 15 3.75 37.5 9 Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs 14 3.5 35.0 10 Bunting sp. Emberiza sp. 9 2.25 22.5 Total: 73 18.25 Date: 2.10.2011; time: 8.00 – 11.00; distance walked – 4 km. Note: * - Red Book of Kazakhstan
Areas
Number of counts D is
ce , km Number of species per 1 count Number of individual birds per 1 count min
max average
total min
max average
total Test
6 18 6 11 9.2
25 29 73 46.7 270
Reference 4 8 6 16 11.5 29 46 208 104.0 416
Appendix 4.9.14: Birds – All Recorded Species 2010-2011 All bird species observed within the BMV site and Kyzyl-Su River valley (reference area) during the 2010 and 2011 surveys Class, type Autumn 2010
Breeding season (June 2011) Migration Sept – Oct 2011
Birds of Prey – Falconiformes 1. Black kite - Milvus migrans X 2. Blue hawk - Circus cyaneus X 3. Palid harrier - Circus macrourus X X
4. Montagu's harrier - Circus pygargus X 5. Goshawk - Accipiter gentilis X 6. Sparrow hawk - Accipiter nisus X X
X 8. Buzzard – Buteo buteo X 9. Common kestrel - Falco tinnunculus X X X 10. Marsh harrier – Circus aeruginosus X 11. Eurasian Hobby -Falco subbuteo X 12. Golden Eagle - Aquila chrysaetus X 13. Red-footed Falcon - Falco vespertinus X Caprimulgiformes 14. Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus X Calliforms – Galliformes 15. Quail - Coturnix coturnix X X Pigeon-type – Columbiformes 16. Eastern or Oriental turtle dove - Streptopelia orientalis X X
X 18. Rock Dove - Columba livia X Cuculiformes 19. Common cucuoo - Cuculus canorus X X Swift-types– Apodiformes 20. Black swift - Apus apus X Coraciiformes –Coraciiformes 21. Hoopoe – Upupa epops X X 22. European Bee-eater - Merops apiaster X Passeriformes – Passerines 23. Sandmartin or Bank swallow - Riparia riparia X X 24. Barn swallow - Hirundo rustica X X X 25. Red-capped lark - Сalandrella cinerea X
26. White-winged lark - Melanocorypha leucoptera X X 27. Yellow wagtail - Motacilla Flava X X 28. White wagtail - Motacilla alba X X All bird species observed within the BMV site and Kyzyl-Su River valley (reference area) during the 2010 and 2011 surveys Class, type Autumn 2010
Breeding season (June 2011) Migration Sept – Oct 2011 29. Starling - Sturnus vulgaris X X X 30. Rosey starling- Sturnus roseus X 31. Masked Wagtail - Motacilla personata 32. Magpie - Pica pica X X X 33. Jackdaw – Corvus monedula X X
34. Hooded crow - Сorvus cornix X X X 35. Rooks - Сorvus frugilegus X X
36. Carrion Crow - Corvus corone X X 37. Great tit – Parus major X 38. Asure Tit - Parus cyanus X 39. House sparrow - Passer domesticus X X
X X X 41. Chaffinch - Fringilla coelebs X X 42. Brambling - Fringilla montifringilla X 43. Twite - Acanthis flavirostris X 44. Linnet - Acanthis cannabina X 45. Yellow hammer - Emderiza citrinella X 46. Ortolan Bunting - Emberiza hortulana X 47. Red-headed Bunting - Emberiza bruniceps X 48. Reed Bunting - Emberiza schoeniclus X 49. Pine Bunting- Emberiza leucocephala X 50. Skylark - Alauda arvensis X X
X 52. Lesser Grey Shrike - Lanius minor X 53. Great Grey Shrike - Lanius exubitor X 54. Golden Oriole - Oriolus oriolus X 55. Cetti’s Warbler - Cettia cetti X 56. Whitethroat - Sylvia communis X 57. Booted Warbler - Hippolais caligata X 58. African Stonechat - Saxicola torquata X 59. Northern Wheatear - Oenanthe оenanthe X
60. Isabelline Wheatear - Oenanthe isabellina X X 61. Pied Wheatear - Oenanthe pleshanka X 62. Nightingale - Luscinia megarhynchos X 63. Chiffchaff - Phylloscopus collybita X 64. Black-throated Thrush - Turdus atrogularis X Types of birds inhabiting in wet-lands Grebe-type–Podicepediformes 65. Black-necked grebe - Podiceps nigricollis X 66. Horned grebe - Podiceps auritus X All bird species observed within the BMV site and Kyzyl-Su River valley (reference area) during the 2010 and 2011 surveys Class, type Autumn 2010
Breeding season (June 2011) Migration Sept – Oct 2011 Ciconiiformes 67. Grey heron - Ardea cinerea X X Anseriformes 68. Mute swan - Cignus olor X 69. Ruddy shelduck – Tadorna ferruginea X 70. Common shelduck – Tadorna tadorna X 71. Mallard duck – Anas platyrhynchos X X 72. Green-winged teal – Anas crecca X 73. Garganey teal –Anas querquedula X X
X X 75. Common shoveler – Anas clypeata X 76. Pintail – Anas acuta X 77. Widgeon - Anas penelope X 78. Tuffed Duck - Anas fuligula X Gruiformes 79. Bald-coot – Fulica atra X Charadriiformes 80. Ring plover – Charadrius hiaticula X 81. Little ringed plover – Charadrius dibius X X 82. Peewit or Northern Lapwing- Vanellus vanellus X X 83. Avoset - Recurvirostra avosetta X 84. Oyster catcher - Haematopus ostralegus X 85. Redshank - Tringa tetanus X X 86. Common Sandpiper - Tringa hypoleucos X X 87. Green Sandpiper – Tringa ochropus X 88. Spotted Redshank - Tringa erythropus X 89. Red-necked phalarope - Phalaropus lobatus X 90. Little stint – Calidris minuta X 91. Black-headed gull - Larus ridibundus X X X 92. Yellow-legged Herring Gull - Larus cachinnans X 93. Common tern - Sterna hirundo X X 94. Eurasian Curlew - Numenius arquata X 95. Common snipe - Gallinago gallinago X X
96. Cormorant - Phalacrocorax carbo X
Appendix 4.9.15: Terrestrial Invertebrates Appendix 4.9.15: Invertebrate species whose known ranges cross the study area (identified through Field Survey and Literature Review, 2013) Species
Taxomomy Attributes Species of Conservation concern 1 Beautiful Demoiselle -
(Linnaeus, 1758) Order: Dragonflies - Odonata. Family: Beauties - Calopterygidae. It lives near slow flowing streams and small rivers, with densly vegetated banks. Active from April to October. The number is quite low and there is a tendency to reduce it further. Larvae - active predators, living in clean running water of streams and small rivers, rarely in stagnant water clean karst lakes. Adults feed on small insects, catching and eating prey on the fly, destroying mosquitoes, black flies and other Diptera. Away from the water of adults do not fly off. Limiting factors: anthropogenic pollution of water bodies 2 Bolivar brachypterous - Bolivaria brachyptera Pall.1773. Order: Mantis
– Mantoptera. Family: Mantis – Mantidae Found in the steppe zone of Western and Southern Kazakhstan. It is found in grasses and sagebrush, saltwort deserts and semi-desert among sparse xerophytic vegetation. Geobiont predator. The main prey are orthopterans, as well as representatives of the orders Lepidoptera, Diptera and others. In the plains with sagebrush associations the species occurs sporadically, but over large areas. Sharply declining in numbers in areas of overgrazing. An additional threat to the populations near farmland are side effects of broad-spectrum insecticides. The greatest damage to isolated populations is burning of vegetation. 3 Predatory Bush Cricket - Saga pedo Pall. 1771. Order: Orthoptera - Orthoptera. Family:
True Grasshoppers - Tettigoniidae. In Kazakhstan, in the east it reaches as far as Russia and to Northern and Western Tien Shan. Recently, in the Asian part of its territory, it has become very rare. It inhabits meadow steppe areas with tall meadow and shrub vegetation in the steppe zone. Specialised Photobiont. Predator. Limiting factors: habitat loss due to agricultural land use. 4 Polish cochineal - Porphyrophora polonica. Order:
Hemiptera - Hemiptera. Family: Coccidae
Distributed in the North-West, North, East and South-East of Kazakhstan. It occurs in Western and Eastern Europe and the European part of Russia. It is found on the roots of strawberries and other herbaceous plants. 5 Delightful beetle - Carabus іmperіalіs. Order: Coleoptera - Coleoptera. Family:
Carabidae. Rare species known only in a few distinct areas of the Altai. Found in the vicinity of Barnaul, Ust- Kamenogorsk, New Bukhtarma, Kalbinskiy ridge in Zyryanovsky and Ulan district of the East Kazakhstan region. Apparently, forest species 6 Gebler beetle - Carabus gebleri. Order:
Coleoptera. Family: Carabidae. East Kazakhstan: the Ulba, Ust-Kamenogorsk, the Semey valley district. Bukhtarma and Russia, which reliably known
only from
the surroundings. Zmeinogorsk (type locality). It is found in small-leaved and mixed forests of valleys and foothills, sometimes in bushes. Predator-polyphage.
7 Steppe
Hairy flower Wasp - Scolia hirta Schrenk, 1781. Order Hymenoptera. Family: Scolia
– Scoliidae (Wasps). Arid regions of the Palearctic. In Kazakhstan it is found in the shrubs and grasses of the steppe ravines, river valleys, in the steppe areas. Adults feed on nectar and pollen, larvae - Parasitic entomophagous. Plowing leads to a decrease in the number of species. Not yet assessed for the IUCN redlist. Red book of Kazakhstan. 8 Large Heath or Common Ringlet Butterfly -
Order:
Lepidoptera. Family: Nymphalidae. Subfamily: satyrinae - Satyrida. Distribution: temperate Eurasia, places to Circumpolar, south to northern forest, in the mountains of the Caucasus, the Urals, Siberia, Mongolia, north of the Far East. In Asia inhabit the tundra and wetlands, valley meadows, caterpillars feed on plants: cotton grass (Eriophorum), sedges (Carex), rhynchospora (Rhynchospora); ovsyannitsa (Festuca), meadow grass (Poa), feather grass (Stipa). Not yet assessed for the IUCN redlist. Red Book of the Kazakhstan Category III (rare).
Carpenter bee Xylocopa valga (Gerstaecker, 1872). Order Hymenoptera - Hymenoptera. Family
Antoforidy - Anthophoridae. Dweller Palearctic. Common in the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia and in the foothills of the Altai. The eastern boundary runs through a vast area of Western Siberia to Mongolia. It dwells on the edges of forest clearings and old-growth forests on the slopes of forested ravines and gullies, in the villages and farmsteads in the cities, in the wood warehouses. Females visit up to 60 different species of flowering plants. In the city the preferred host plant - yellow acacia (karagannik). Listed in the regional Red Data Books of Russia: Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, the city of Moscow, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Leningrad and Moscow regions, the Middle Urals. Carpenter bee is considered a protected species and in some other regions of Russia. However not entered into the Red Book of Kazakhstan at this time Common species 9 Common Sun Beetle
or Tusklyak
Brilliant Amara aenea Deg. Order: Coleoptera - Coleoptera. Family
Ground beetles
- Carabidae. Distribution: Siberia, Central Asia, Europe, the Mediterranean, North China. Adults and larvae are omnivorous mainly feeding on15 kinds of wild plants (cereals, krapivotsvetnye and goosefoot, cruciferous, Rubiaceae, Asteraceae) and other invertebrates such as the pea aphid, leaf beetle sorrel, gray bud weevil, apple maggot and soybean aphid, which are considered pests by the agriculture industry. As such, this beetle is under study for use in integrated pest management. Larvae are omnivorous Common. 10 .
Please note troop means Order and Sem means family. Common Sun Beetle or Tusklyak Brilliant Amara aenea Deg. Order: Coleoptera - Coleoptera. Family Ground beetles - Carabidae. Distribution: Siberia, Central Asia, Europe, the Mediterranean, North China. Adults and larvae are omnivorous mainly feeding on15 kinds of wild plants (cereals, krapivotsvetnye and goosefoot, cruciferous, Rubiaceae, Asteraceae) and other invertebrates such as the pea aphid, leaf beetle sorrel, gray bud weevil, apple maggot and soybean aphid, which are considered pests by the agriculture industry. As such, this beetle is under study for use in integrated pest management. Larvae are omnivorous Common.
Carabidae. Distribution: A Eurasian Wide-temperate species found across Europe south to the Caucasus and east to central Siberia. Omnivorous. Agricultural pest - species occasionally damages germinating seeds of cereals, fodder crops, maple, hornbeam, strawberries. Eurpoean Locust. Arcyptera microptera (Fischer-Waldheim). Order Orthoptera, Family: Acrididae – Locusts. Found in the Central, Northern, Eastern and North-Eastern Kazakhstan. Agricultural pest - Serious damage to cereals, potatoes, tobacco, cotton, medicinal plants, pastures and grasslands almost the entire area of its distribution. Italian Locust Calliptamus italicus L. Order: Orthoptera, Family: Acrididae - grasshoppers. : Acrididae – Locusts. Found in the Central, Northern, Eastern and North-Eastern Kazakhstan. Agricultural pest - larvae and adults of much harm to crops of cereals, as well as pastures and hayfields. Cockroach Blaps deplanata Ménétriès, 1832. Order Coleoptera, Family. Tenebrionidae. In the steppe and residential areas. Common. Pest species.
Coleoptera. Family: Ground beetles - Carabidae. The inhabitant of open meadow and field ecological communities, as well as floodplains. Predator. Regulates the population size of many pest species of meadows and fields, especially larvae of Lepidoptera, such as cutworms, Belyanko, meadow moth, and several others. Rare
Ground beetles - Carabidae. Euro-Kazakh mezokserofilny views. It inhabits forest, steppe and grassland habitats, forest plantations, often found in agricultural areas and urbolandshaftov. Distributed in the European part of Russia, the Urals, the Caucasus, the Caucasus, Western and Eastern Siberia. The most important natural predator of webworm moths. Italian Locust Calliptamus italicus L. Order: Orthoptera, Family: Acrididae - grasshoppers. : Acrididae – Locusts. Found in the Central, Northern, Eastern and North-Eastern Kazakhstan. Agricultural pest - larvae and adults of much harm to crops of cereals, as well as pastures and hayfields. Convex Ground beetle Carabus convexus. Order: Coleoptera - Coleoptera. Family Ground beetles - Carabidae. Widespread in Europe and Asia. Lives mainly in fields and treeless areas (steppe), but also rarely found in forests. It is eurytope and generally prefers moist locations. It feeds primarily on other predatory insects and snails and worms, so can be of benefit in agricutural areas. Steppenwolf slider (ant) Cataglyphis aenescens Nyl. -. Order: Hymenoptera, Family. Formicidae. Common to stepes, deserts and semideserts of Palearctic, from Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria to Mongolia, former USSR to East Kazakhstan. Ground nesting Hermit Butterfly. Chasara briseus - Brizeida. Order: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera. Family: Nymphalidae. Subfamily: satyrinae - Satyridae. Distributed in southern and central Europe. It lives on dry, rocky meadows. Agricultural pest of Forage and cereals. Winters in the caterpillar stage. Ground beetle Cymindis picta Pal. Troop Coleoptera, Sem. Carabidae. Typically desert beetle, do not penetrate the more moderate bands. Intermediate Cross-backed Grasshopper Dociostaurus (s. Str.) Brevicollis (Eversmann). Troop Orthoptera, Sem. Acrididae. European and East Siberian steppe species. It found in the Western, Northern, Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Kazakhstan. Secondary pest of cereals and grassland. Krauss' Cross-backed Grasshopper Dociostaurus kraussi Ing. Troop Orthoptera, Sem. Acrididae. Desert-steppe usual form. It prefers semi-arid areas with saline soils and sagebrush and grass-ephemeral vegetation. He prefers cereals. Black Fathead Wasp. Ectemnius continuus (Fabricius). - Order Hymenoptera, Sem. The species is distributed throughout most of Eurasia and North America. In Kazakhstan, found mainly in the mountains and foothills, on the northern plains and in valleys of large rivers. Xerophytic-mesophilic species. In areas of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts found in riparian forests, tree plantations in the oases and mountain forests. Hairy beetle. Harpalus rufipes (Deg.) - Order Coleoptera. Family Carabidae. Nemoral and steppe species. It is widely distributed throughout Europe, the Near East and Central Asia to China in the east. It inhabits Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Politopnye mesophyte Common to anthropogenic landscapes. The larval stage is mainly polyphagous predator, at the adult stage - miksofitofag. Common The Bedstraw Hawk-Moth or Galium Sphinx Hyles galii (Rottemburg, 1775). Order: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera. Family revelers - Sphingidae. It is widely distributed in the Palearctic from Japan, China, North India to Western Europe. Habitats - forb edges and clearings in deciduous and mixed forests; forb meadows of the coastal to subalpine. Caterpillars feed on Cyprus (Epilobium spp.), Rubiaceae (Gallium sp.), Buckwheat (Rumex sp., Polygonum sp.) Is rare. Ant Lasius platythorax (Seifert, 1991) Troop Hymenoptera, Sem. Formicidae. There are in the Palearctic. Shallow soil ants. Workers have a length of about 3-5 mm larger than females (7-10 mm). Meadow brown or Ox-eyed butterfly Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758). The detachment Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera. Family satyrinae - Satyridae. Distributed from the Canary Islands across North Africa and the whole of Europe, except the North, through Asia Minor severIrana and Iraq to the east to Western Siberia. Living in open, dry and slightly moist landscapes, such as the edge of the woods, meadows and the surrounding wetlands and in orchards. The caterpillars feed on many grasses (Poaceae), such as Bromus erectus, sheep fescue (Festuca ovina), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis), Steppe cricket Melanogryllus desertus Pall. -. Troop Orthoptera, Sem. Grillidae. Individuals hold more in humid places - along the banks of rivers, places with high ground water; in areas with large lumps of earth, stones, cracked soil, abundance of food plants. Are nocturnal. Four-spotted blister beetle Mylabris quadripunctata. Troop Coleoptera. Family Meloidae. Common in Europe. Russia, Siberia, Kazakhstan. Beetles damage the ears of grain, flowers and young leaves of sunflower, Kapustova. The larvae parasitize grasshoppers usually egg capsules. The crabronid wasp
Crabronidae. The species has a wide range of Western Europe to Mongolia. In Kazakhstan, lives almost everywhere where there are open areas with sandy soil. Desert-steppe meso-xerophilous species. Usually found in river valleys, on roadsides, on bare or sparsely vegetated areas covered with sandy-clay and sandy soils. Females prey on Diptera / Spiney wasp Oxybelus mucronatus (Fabricius) Troop Hymenoptera, Sem. Crabronidae. Distributed in the Western Palearctic, from the Canary Islands to Afghanistan and Central Asia. In Kazakhstan, gravitates to the lowlands and foothills of the Tien Shan and the ridges of the Eastern Kazakhstan. Steppenwolf meso-xerophilous species. Common. Locust Platycleis intermedia intermedia (Audinet-Serville). Troop Orthoptera, Sem. Widespread in the south of Western Europe, in Morocco, the Near East, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, China, the European part of Russia, in the Crimea, the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, in the south of Western Siberia. In Kazakhstan, it found almost everywhere. It lives on the plants and on the ground. It feeds mainly on plant food.
Common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus -. Order: Lepidoptera. Family:Lycaenidae. Eurybionts. Grasslands of various types, fields, glades, edges, trackside railways and highways, vacant lots, gardens, parks, urban areas, etc. Young caterpillars are in contact with ants Lasius flavus, L. alienus, L. niger, Formica subrufa, F. cinerea, Plagiolepis pygmaea, Myrmica lobicornis, M. sabuleti. Winters latest generation caterpillar, chrysalis less. Forage plants: Astragalus sp. - Astragalus, Coronilla varia - coronilla colorful, Fragaria vesca - strawberry timber, Fragaria sp. - Strawberries, Medicago sp. - Lucerne, Melilotus sp. - Clover, Onobrychis sp. - Onobrychis, Trifolium pratense - red clover |