Учебное пособие по английскому языку : (ч. 1) : учеб пособие / И. В
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58 4. действий в прошлом в специальных вопросах, начинающихся с “when” When did you buy this dress? Когда ты купила это платье? 2. ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PAST SIMPLE Все глаголы английского языка делятся на правильные и неправильные. Past Simple правильных глаголов в утвердительных предложениях образуется путем прибавления к ним окончания –ed. Окончание – ed читается как: [ d ] если глагол оканчивается на гласный или звонкий согласный звук play – played open - opened [t] если глагол оканчивается на глухой согласный звук work – worked wash - washed [id] если глагол оканчивается на звук [t] или [d] decide – decided translate - translated Для образования Past Simple в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях используется вспомогательный глагол did. число / лицо Утвердительная форма Отрицательная форма Вопросительная форма 1 л. ед. ч. 2 л. ед. ч. 3л. ед. ч. 1 л. мн. ч. 2 л. мн. ч. 3 л. мн. ч. I worked You worked He worked She worked It worked We worked You worked They worked I did not work You did not work He did not work She did not work It did not work We did not work You did not work They did not work Did I work? Did you work? Did he work? Did she work? Did it work? Did we work? Did you work? Did they work? 59 Past Simple неправильных глаголов необходимо выучить: Infinitive Past Simple Participle II Значение be [biː] beat [biːt] become [bɪ'kʌm] begin [bɪ'gɪn] blow [bləʊ] break [breɪk] bring [brɪŋ] build [bɪld] burn [bɜːn] burst [bɜːst] buy [baɪ] catch [kætʃ] choose [ʧuːz] come [kʌm] cost [kɔst] cut [kʌt] do [duː] dream [driːm] drink [drɪŋk] drive [draɪv] eat [iːt] fall [fɔːl] feed [fiːd] feel [fiːl] fight [faɪt] find [faɪnd] fly [flaɪ] forget [fə'get] forgive [fəˈɡɪv] freeze [friːz] get [get] give [gɪv] go [gəu] grow [ɡrəʊ] have [həv] hear [hɪə] hide [haɪd] hold [həʊld] hurt [hɜːt] keep [kiːp] know [nəu] learn [lɜːn] leave [liːv] let [let] was[wɔz], were [wɜː] beat[biːt] became [bɪ'keɪm] began [bɪ'gæn] blew [bluː] broke [brəuk] brought [brɔːt] built [bɪlt] burnt [bɜːnt] burst [bɜːst] bought [bɔːt] caught [kɔːt] chose [ʧəuz] came [keɪm] cost [kɔst] cut [kʌt] did [dɪd] dreamt [dremt] drank [dræŋk] drove [drəuv] ate [et] fell [fel] fed [fed] felt [felt] fought [fɔːt] found [faund] flew [fluː] forgot [fə'gɔt] forgave [fəˈɡeɪv] froze [frəʊz] got [gɔt] gave [geɪv] went [went] grew [ɡruː] had [hæd] heard [hɜːd] hid [hɪd] held [held] hurt [hɜːt] kept [kept] knew [njuː] learnt [lɜːnt] left [left] let [let] been [biːn] beaten [ˈbiːtn] become [bɪ'kʌm] begun [bɪ'gʌn] blown [bləʊn] broken ['brəukn] brought [brɔːt] built [bɪlt] burnt [bɜːnt] burst [bɜːst] bought [bɔːt] caught [kɔːt] chosen ['ʧəuzn] come [kʌm] cost [kɔst] cut [kʌt] done [dʌn] dreamt [dremt] drunk [drʌŋk] driven ['drɪvn] eaten ['iːtn] fallen ['fɔːlən] fed [fed] felt [felt] fought [fɔːt] found [faund] flown [fləun] forgotten [fə'gɔtən] forgiven [fəˈɡɪvən] frozen [ˈfrəʊzən] got [gɔt] given [gɪvən] gone [gɔn] grown [ɡrəʊn] had [hæd] heard [hɜːd] hidden [ˈhɪdən] held [held] hurt [hɜːt] kept [kept] known [nəun] learnt [lɜːnt] left [left] let [let] быть бить становиться начинать(ся) дуть ломать приносить строить жечь, гореть взорваться покупать ловить выбирать приходить стоить резать делать мечтать пить везти есть, кушать падать кормить чувствовать (себя) бороться находить летать забывать прощать замерзать получать; давать идти; ехать расти, выращивать иметь слышать прятать держать причинять боль держать знать учиться; узнавать оставлять разрешать 60 lose [luːz] make [meɪk] mean [miːn] meet [miːt] pay [peɪ] put [put] read [riːd] ride [raɪd] ring [rɪŋ] rise [raɪz] run [rʌn] say [seɪ] see [siː] sell [sel] send [send] shake [ʃeɪk] show [ʃəu] sing [sɪŋ] sit [sɪt] sleep [sliːp] smell [smel] speak [spiːk] spend [spend] steal [stiːl] swim [swɪm] take [teɪk] teach [tiːʧ] tell [tel] think [θɪŋk] throw [θrəʊ] understand [ˌʌndə'stænd] wake [weɪk] wear [weə] win [wɪn] write [raɪt] lost [lɔst] made [meɪd] meant [ment] met [met] paid [peɪd] put [put] read [red] rode [rəʊd] rang [ræŋ] rose [rəʊz] ran [ræn] said [sed] saw [sɔː] sold [səuld] sent [sent] shook [ʃuk] showed [ʃəud] sang [sæŋ] sat [sæt] slept [slept] smelt [smelt] spoke [spəuk] spent [spent] stole [stəul] swam [swæm] took [tuk] taught [tɔːt] told [təuld] thought [θɔːt] threw [θruː] understood [ˌʌndə'stud] woke [wəʊk] wore [wɔː] won [wʌn] wrote [rəut] lost [lɔst] made [meɪd] meant [ment] met [met] paid [peɪd] put [put] read [red] ridden [ˈrɪdn] rung [rʌŋ] risen [ˈrɪzən] run [rʌn] said [sed] seen [siːn] sold [səuld] sent [sent] shaken [ˈʃeɪkən] shown [ʃəun] sung [sʌŋ] sat [sæt] slept [slept] smelt [smelt] spoken ['spəukn] spent [spent] stolen [stəuln] swum [swʌm] taken ['teɪkn] taught [tɔːt] told [təuld] thought [θɔːt] thrown [θrəʊn] understood [ˌʌndə'stud] woken [wəʊkn] worn[wɔːn] won[wʌn] written ['ritn] терять делать, создавать значить, иметь в виду встречать(ся) платить класть, ставить читать кататься звонить подниматься бежать сказать; говорить видеть продавать отправлять трясти показывать петь сидеть спать нюхать, пахнуть говорить, разговаривать тратить; проводить (время) украсть плавать брать, взять учить, обучать сказать, рассказать думать бросать понимать просыпаться носить (одежду) побеждать писать 3. СТРУКТУРА ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ В PAST SIMPLE CТРУКТУРА ПОВЕСТВОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ He translated the book last year. wrote П Ск Доп Об-во 61 СТРУКТУРА ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ всп.гл. not смысл. гл. He did not translate the book last year. did not write СТРУКТУРА ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ Общий вопрос Всп. гл. П Ост/ч Ск Доп Об-во Did he translate the book last year? write СТРУКТУРА СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГО ВОПРОСА (ко всем членам предложения кроме подлежащего) Вопр. сл. Всп. гл. П Ост/ч Ск Доп Об-во What did he translate – last year? write Вопрос к подлежащему Вопр.сл. Ск Доп Об-во Who translated books last year? wrote П Ск Доп Об-во 62 VI. EXERCISES 1. Read the transcribed words. A. [lɪə], [bɪə], [pɪə], [vɪə], [tiːm], [wiː], [biː], [fiːl], [εə], [fεə], [hεə], [stεəz], [pεə], [pleɪn], [speɪn], [feɪnt], [kεə], [fεə], [mεə], [stεə], [bεə], [rεə], [pjuə], [kjuə], [ˈdjuərɪŋ], [faɪə], [maɪə], [taɪə], [ʃaɪə], [hɪə], [mɪə], [auə], [flauə], [sauə], [wəːld], [wəːm], [ˈwəːʃɪp], [wə:d], [ˈwəːði], [feɪt], [fæt], [faː], [fεə], [ˈpiːtə], [pet], [pəːt], [hɪə], [staɪl], [dʒɪps], [taɪə], [faɪl], [fɪl], [fəːst], [faɪəd], [tjuːb], [tʌb], [təːn], [kjuə], [boun], [lɔt], [fɔːm], [stɔː]. B. [ˈbaɪsɪkl], [bɔːt], [bɜːst], [kɑːˈtuːn], [ˈsentʃəri], [ˈtʃɪli], [ˌsɪɡəˈret], [kəʊm], [ˈkʊkɪŋ], [dɪˈlɪʃəs], [dɪˈzɑːstə], room[ˈdaɪnɪŋ ˌruːm], [fiːld], [flæʃ], [ˈɡærɪdʒ], [dʒɪm], [ˈhɒrɪfaɪd], [ɪˈreɡjʊlə], [laɪt], [prɔːn], [rɪˈpeə], [rʌʃ], [ˈsæmən], [ˈvɪlɪdʒ], [jɑːd]. 2. Read the verbs in the Past Simple observing the rule of reading –ed. packed, translated, watched, clapped, divided, ruled, brushed, cleaned, banned, fixed, decided, finished, worked, cried, shouted, changed, voted, smoked, danced, cooked, completed, managed, enjoyed, listened, waited, baked, rented, dropped, visited, opened, planted, boxed, phoned, played, smiled, watered, prepared, combed, explained, provided, talked, stayed, started, fried, washed, peeled 3. Point out the meaning of Past Simple in each sentence. 1. Peter went to the gym twice a week last year. 2. Yesterday morning Carol woke up late. 3. Helen cycled to the swimming pool every Sunday. 4. The phone rang and I went to answer it. 5. I always took my car to the same garage. 6. When did Jane pass her exam? 7. First they cooked the meal, then they ate it with their friends. 8. I worked in a fast food restaurant last summer. 9. When did you go to Italy? 10. Mrs. Hudson came up to the house, took the key out of her pocket and unlocked the door. 11. When did you finish your studies? 12. I did not live in this city 10 years ago. 4. Make the sentences negative and interrogative. 1. Mr. Black fixed his car yesterday morning 2. His wife watered the plants in the garden. 3. Their children cleaned the yard. 4. They watched TV in the evening. 5. Mrs. Black worked in the kitchen. 6. She baked a delicious apple pie. 7. She cooked tomato soup. 8. After dinner she washed the dishes. 9. The children brushed their teeth. 10. Mrs. White talked on the phone. 11. Mr. Black smoked a cigarette. 12. Mr. and Mrs. Chapman visited their friends two days ago. 13. They danced a lot there. 14. They had a wonderful time with their friends. жүктеу/скачать 6,54 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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