Литературные теории в поэтическом мире джона китса
THE MAIN HISTORICAL EVENTS OF THE MODERN PERIOD
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| THE MAIN HISTORICAL EVENTS OF THE MODERN PERIOD
Куандыкова У.С. – студентка группы ИНК 19-1 Научный руководитель: к.п.н.., доцент Назарова Г.Ж. ЦАИУ Түйін. Бұл мақала қазіргі кезеңнің негізгі оқиғаларын зерттейді. Грамматикадағы, сөздік қордағы өзгерістер және ұлы адамдардың ағылшын тіліне әсері. Қазіргі ағылшын диалектілері де ескерілген. Резюме. В этой статье исследуются основные события современного периода. Изменения в грамматике, лексике и влияние великих людей на английский язык. Учитываются также современные английские диалекты. The aim of the article is to reveal the main events of the modern period, to demonstrate changes in grammar, and also to consider modern English dialects. The Great Vowel Shift - was a series of changes in the pronunciation of English which occurred mainly between the 1350s and the 1600s and 1700s, starting from the south of England until today, having an effective influence on all dialects of the English language. [1, p86] Thanks to this change in vowels, all Middle English long vowels have changed their pronunciation. William Shakespeare had a great influence not only on theater and films, other poets and novelists, but also on English with the words that we use every day. He invented thousands of words, which we still use. The writings of Shakespeare had a tremendous impact on all English. Before and during Shakespeare's time, the grammar and rules of the English language were not standardized. But as Shakespeare's plays became popular in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, they helped to contribute to the standardization of the English language, and many Shakespearean words and phrases began to be introduced into the English language. [2,p.145] Robert Cawdrey’s Table Alphabeticall in 1604 was the first monolingual English dictionary ever published. 130 pages involve a selection of 2,543 words and their first definitions in the world. For each of the 2,543 words contained in his first edition, Cawdrey gave a brief definition — the standard record rarely exceeded more than a few words, usually synonyms, and he marked these words of French or Greek origin. [3, p.67] Samuel Johnson's English Dictionary - one of the most famous in the history of dictionaries. First published in 1755, the dictionary was just over eight years old, it took six assistants and listed 40,000 words. Johnson's dictionary was prepared in London, in an eclectic home, between 1746 and 1755. Each word was defined in detail, the definitions are illustrated with quotations covering each branch of learning. [4, p.97] Modern English is the form of the English language spoken since the Great Vowel Shift in England, which began in the late 14th century and was completed in roughly 1550. Modern English has many dialects spoken in many countries throughout the world. [5, p.105] These dialects include American English, Australian, British, Canadian, Caribbean, Hiberno-English, Indian, Pakistani, Nigerian, New Zealand, Philippine, Singaporean and South African English. In reality, there are almost 40 different dialects in the UK that sound totally different from each other, and in many cases use different spellings and word structure It was heavily influenced by the Gaelic language, which was (and still sometimes is) spoken in certain areas of Scotland, as well as Norse languages from Viking invaders. Scots would say Scotland as ‘SKORT-lond’ instead of the Standard English ‘SKOTT-lund’. Officially a different country, Wales has a culture and language of its own that’s spoken by half a million people. They have brilliantly long and complicated words like Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch, which is the name of a Welsh village (and the second longest place name in the world). When Welsh people speak English, their accent is instantly recognisable – they pronounce words like ‘Wales’ as WEE-alss unlike the English, who pronounce it WAY-ells. The West Country includes the counties of Gloucestershire, Dorset, Somerset, Devon and Cornwall, and the dialect is the closest to the old British language of Anglo-Saxon, which was rooted in Germanic languages – so, true West Country speakers say I be instead of I am, and Thou bist instead of You are, which is very close to Ich bin (I am) and Du bist (You are) in modern German. The rest of the accent is rhotic (where the letter R is soft and rolled), so it actually sounds a bit like American English. The accent of the Home Counties area (the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire, Kent, Surrey, and Sussex) is closest to what people call Queen’s English, also known as Received Pronunciation (R.P.) or Standard English. It’s basically a ‘flat’ accent with emphasised vowels like A (pronounced ah as in car) and O (pronounced ohw as in snow) [6]. The Great Vowel Shift - was a series of changes in the pronunciation of English which occurred mainly between the 1350s and the 1600s and 1700s. The great influence of William Shakespeare on the English language. Robert Cawdrey’s Table Alphabeticall in 1604 was the first monolingual English dictionary ever published. Samuel Johnson's famous English dictionary in the history of dictionaries. Modern English is the form of the English language spoken since the Great Vowel Shift in England, which began in the late 14th century and was completed in roughly 1550. Literature И.В. Шапошникова. История английского языка.Москва, Флинта, 2017. С.Железнова, И.Спашева, А.Мухсинова.История английского языка: Учебное пособие.-Астана: Фолиант, 2010. В.Д. Аракин. История английского языка. Под редакцией М.Д. Резвецовой.-Москва: Физматлит , 2001. В.Д. Аракин «История английского языка», Москва,2009г. Расторгуева, Т.А. История английского языка: Учебник / Т.А.Расторгуева. – 3-е изд., стереотип. – М., 2007. (на англ. яз.) https://www.ef.com/wwen/blog/language/british-dialects-you-need-to-know/ УДК : 811.111 жүктеу/скачать 1,4 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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