Образования
Objects and methods of research
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- Results and discussion.
- Table 1 – Effect of fertilizers on the content of heavy metals in irrigated meadow-chestnut soils, mg / kg of soil (average for 2019-2020)
| Objects and methods of research.The objects of research are meadow-chestnut soil, mesofauna of soils, soil enzymes. The research was conducted in 2019-2020.
Field experiments were laid in the UOS "Agrouniversitet", Kazakh National Agrarian University on irrigated meadow-chestnut soil in a crop rotation deployed in space and time with alternation: 1 – rapeseed; 2 – barley. For each crop, the following fertilizer application scheme is studied: 1. Control; 2. Estimated rate of mineral fertilizers; 3. Manure 30 t/ha; 4. Manure 45 t/ha; 5. Vermicompost 6 t/ha; 6. Straw 6 t/ha; 7. Liquid manure; 8. Straw + liquid manure; 9. Estimated rate of NPK+ trace elements (Mo, Co, Zn); 10. Estimated rate of NPK+ Mo; 11. Estimated rate of NPK+ Co; 12. Estimated rate of NPK+ Zn; 13. Trace elements (Mo, Co, Zn) Zn). Under rapeseed: N75 P80 K20. The area of the experimental plot is 54 м2 (3, 6x15), the repetition of the experiment is 3 times. Objects of research-rapeseed, barley. On these backgrounds are placed crops of rapeseed, barley, with the optimal sowing period, seeding rate, seed depth, feeding area (rapeseed with row spacing-30 cm, barley-70 cm). As fertilizers used: nitrogen-ammonium nitrate with a content of 34 % N, phosphorus - superphosphate simple with a content of 19 % Р2О5 and potassium-potassium chloride with a content of 50 % К2О . Results and discussion. We calculated the amount of HM that entered the soil with fertilizers for 14 years in meadow-chestnut soils, which was 0.5-39.1 g for cadmium, 2.9 – 281.2 g for lead, 1.2 – 190.2 g for zinc, and 31.5-79.2 g for copper per 1 hectare. At the same time, the largest amount of HM enters the soil with phosphorus fertilizers. The study of the dynamics of HM intake into the soil for 2 years showed that the content of heavy metals increases in meadow-chestnut soils when using triple doses of fertilizers (Table 1). Table 1 – Effect of fertilizers on the content of heavy metals in irrigated meadow-chestnut soils, mg / kg of soil (average for 2019-2020)
In meadow-chestnut soils, an increase in the content of heavy metals is observed with an increase in the doses of phosphorus fertilizers applied. At the same time, the content of HM, along with the norms of fertilizers, is also influenced by culture. Thus, under barley crops, the content of HM is higher and there is a direct dependence on the norms of fertilizers. Under rapeseed crops there is a decrease in HM, and on more fertilized variants their number is significantly reduced (Table 2). жүктеу/скачать 2,01 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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