Белорусский государственный
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- Modal Meaning and Usage
- Contour 2. High/Stepping Head + Mid Wide Rise
| 2. The Rising Tone-Pattern
Contour 1. High/Stepping Head + High Narrow Rise This contour has a strong interrogative force transforming any sentence-type into a question. The presence of the head is not relevant for the basic meaning of the contour. It is significant, however, for the effect of overall prominence attached to the interrogation. Modal Meaning and Usage In statements: questioning or asking for repetition because the speaker has failed to hear or is surprised at hearing something that another person has said. In special questions: calling for a repetition of the particular part of the information just given (with the nuclear tone on the interrogative word); echoing the listener’s question before going on to answer it (with the nuclear tone following the interrogative word). In general questions: echoing the listener’s question in order to gain time before answering or to make sure if one has heard correctly or to show surprise (usually with a nuclear shift in the repetition). In imperatives and exclamations: querying all or part of the listener’s utterance but with no critical intention. Contour 2. High/Stepping Head + Mid Wide Rise Like the previously described rising pattern this contour is basically interrogative in all sentence-types but the feeling of surprise is much weaker. It is mainly used in straightforward, i.e. non-echo questions. When there is no head, the question sounds casual and light, sometimes tentative. With the head it is more businesslike and formal. 8 Contour 3. High/Stepping Head + Low Wide Rise Modal Meaning and Usage without a head – non-categoric; encouraging further conversation; In statements: with a head – very lively, friendly and warm, soothing, reassuring; in echoes – questioning with a note of surprise and disbelief. without a head, i.e. with the nuclear tone on the interrogative word, – puzzled; In special questions: with a head – interested, warm, friendly; frequently used in series of questions addressed to children. In general questions: without a head – casual, light (overlapping with the Mid Wide Rise contour); with a head – genuinely interested, warmer and friendlier than questions with the Mid Wide Rise (the result of greater pitch contrast with the head). In imperatives: soothing, encouraging, calmly patronising (requests). In exclamations: airy, bright, friendly. жүктеу/скачать 0,6 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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