Устойчивое развитие: язык, межкультурная коммуникация
Literature review. Assessment and testing
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- Formative and summative assessment.
| Literature review. Assessment and testing. The notions as assessment and testing needs to
be separated from each other. Testing refers to formal and standardized procedure that aims to measure performance of the students basing on the scores, whereas assessment refers to the collection of information about learner knowledge and skills that gathered through multiple ways in various context at different time [2]. The most distinctive feature of testing is that it refers to the single event and timed exercise that measures student learning depending on the sole criterion. Many researchers believe that there is only one way collecting information about student learning . Therefore, testing is believed to be part of assessment [3]. There are several definitions of the term “assessment”. According to Dietel, Herman, and Knuth [4] assessment is tool that can be used to measure current knowledge of learners. Ioannou- Georgiou [5] determines assessment as a term that contains all methods to collect information about learners’ understanding, knowledge, ability, motivation, and attitudes. Moreover, assessment apart from measuring learner performance, also creates conditions for active participation of students to their own learning. It gives opportunity to improve learner’s abilities allowing them evaluate their own performance [6]. Formative and summative assessment.There are various classifications of assessment and the simplest are summative and formative assessments. Summative assessment defined as an assessment of learning, whereas a formative assessment determined as an assessment for learning [7]. A formative assessment is the action taken by teachers and their learners to assess themselves, which contributes information that will be applied as feedback to change learning and teaching activities [6]. It appears in two basic forms like spontaneous and planned. A spontaneous formative assessment occurs when a teacher asks students to provide some examples of a just – covered topic, and when a teacher use eliciting during the lesson. These kinds of activities contribute information about a pupil’s learning in real life. Meanwhile, planned formative assessments occur when a teacher brings some quizzes or check their home task. A summative assessment is known as high stake assessment, where a teacher evaluates students understanding mostly at the end of the term. The main goal of summative assessment is to measure the knowledge of students at a specific time frame. жүктеу/скачать 5,1 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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