I.N.Martynova
164
Вестник Карагандинского университета
D i a g r a m 3
97 responses were given to the second question about the description of a polite person. The results are
presented in Table.
T a b l e
реплики-реакции
количество
1 2
kind 14
well brought-up
6
ready to help
5
tactful 5
give place
in public transport
4
attentive 4
respects others
4
smiling 4
always greets
4
reserved 3
kind hearted
3
pleasant to communicate with
3
sympathetic 3
communicable 2
polite 2
sensitive 2
noble 2
good-natured 2
well-bred 2
modest 2
amiable 2
knows how to behave himself
2
inspiring confidence
1
well-read 1
likes to listen and speak
1
gives way
1
good word stock
1
answers politely
1
says «Thank you»
1
kindness; 7
well brought-up
person; 7
respectful
treatment; 3
gentleman; 3
respect; 2
sensibility; 2
civility; 2
etiquette; 2
person
with good
manners; 2
behavioural
cilture; 1
smile; 1
acquiescence; 1
reciprocative; 1
never rude; 1
something clear
and simple; 1
always
communicable; 1
courtesy; 1
young man in a
suit; 1
the old; 1
spiritual wealth; 1
attentiveness; 1
love; 1
Crimea; 1
aristocrat; 1 mother; 1
decency; 1
Peculiarities of concept «politeness»…
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165
1 2
neat 1
careful in his/her words
1
decent 1
diplomatic 1
courteous 1
one who won’t hurt
1
compliant 1
orderly 1
delicate 1
is not rude
1
The table indicates that for the Russians a polite person is first and foremost kind and well brought-up
with kindness being the most salient feature. For speakers of English kindness is in the background (it was
mentioned only once).
A polite person in the mentality of speakers of English is someone who respects the others. This charac-
teristic is not the first in the Russian mentality. Only one Russian respondent stated that a polite person al-
ways says «thank you» whereas this feature is rather frequent in the answers of the English speaking re-
spondents.
It is worth mentioning that the responses of the Russians are more full and diverse comparing to the
English responses. Speakers of English usually gave single-type answers. It might
indicate that the concept
of politeness is more clear cut in the English language and mentality while in the Russian mentality the ideas
about this concept are still mostly vague.
The results of the survey of Russian and English speaking respondents became a basis for a compara-
tive analysis of politeness in different cultures. The general outcome is the following.
The so called approach strategies aimed at getting communicants closer to each other are more charac-
teristic of the English than of the Russian communication.
Predominance of these strategies in the English communicative culture manifests itself both in the qual-
itative and quantitative aspects, e.g. the use of the special constructions and markers such as can you…,
please. These structures are less common in the Russian communicative culture
while behaviour of Russians
is exemplified by a greater degree of naturalness and less rituals. The use of the same special constructions is
not obligatory with kindness being the main feature of a polite person. This quality is the most important
manifestation of politeness in the Russian culture.
In communication speakers of English pay a great attention to the plain of expression while the speak-
ers of Russian — to the plain of content. That is why an important attribute of a polite person in the English
language culture is the use in speech (depending on the purpose and participants of a communicative act) the
words «please» and «thank you». For Russians it is not the main feature of politeness. «Communicable»,
«livable», «sympathetic» — these features reveal the content of a communicative act.
The conducted analysis revealed deep discrepancy in the ways politeness is expressed in the English
and Russian communicative cultures. These differences must be clearly indicated to Russian speaking stu-
dents studying English. They should be
taught not only the vocabulary, but also the very idea of politeness
for English speaking communities and the contexts in which various forms of expressing politeness should
be used. The essence of politeness as a mental category should be explained to such students. Otherwise they
are not likely to succeed in intercultural communication as politeness being also an extra linguistic feature
will influence greatly their communicative adequacy. Special exercises on politeness as well as other behav-
ioral attributes and analyzing texts in English could become a suitable form of improving students’ compe-
tence in foreign languages.
References
1
Стернин И.А. Практическая риторика / И.А. Стернин. — М.: Академия, 2005. — 215 с.
2
Формановская Н.И. Культура общения и речевой этикет / Н.И. Формановская. — М.: ИКАР, 2002. — 217 с.
3 [ЭР]. Режим доступа: www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/polite
4 [ЭР]. Режим доступа: http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/polite
5 [ЭР]. Режим доступа: http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/polite
I.N.Martynova
166
Вестник Карагандинского университета
6 [ЭР]. Режим доступа: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/polite?q=polite#
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— С. 43–47.
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Honkanen M. Successful management in Russia / M. Honkanen, A. Mikluha. — Finland, 1998. — 178 p.
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Ларина Т.В. Категория вежливости в английской и русской коммуникативных культурах: Монография / Т.В. Ларина.
— М.: Изд-во РУДН, 2003. — 315 с.
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Стернин И.А. Очерк американского коммуникативного поведения / И.А. Стернин, З.Д. Попова. — Воронеж: Истоки,
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И.Н.Мартынова
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