3. The experience of the Turkic-speaking countries
Before discussing application of these methods to the conversion of Kazakh writing to the Latin
alphabet, we will consider the experience of Turkic-speaking countries (Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan) which already use Latin alphabet.
The Turkish alphabet, which was accepted in 1928, consists of 29 letters and its 6 letters (ğ, ü, ş,
ı, ö, ç) are not in the classic Latin alphabet. The Turkmenian alphabet, which has changed several
times in 1990s, had 30 letters, and 8 of them (ç, ä, ž, ň, ö, ş, ü, ẏ) were not in the classic Latin
alphabet. The Uzbek alphabet in 1993 had 6 letters out of the classic Latin alphabet. They were ç, ş,
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