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UNIT X DIRECT AND INDIRECT „REPORTED‟ SPEECH

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Авторлық бағдарлама Ағылшын тілі грамматикасы

Тӛл сӛзді тӛлеу сӛзге ӛзгерткенде шақтардың қиысу ережесін есте сақтау керек, яғни ӛткен шақтағы тҥрлері ғана болады.

Direct Speech	Indirect “Reported” Speech	Examples
Present Simple	Past Simple	“She works hard,” he said. He said (that) she worked.
Present Continuous	Past Continuous	“She has worked hard,” he said. He said (that) she was working hard.
Present Perfect	Past Perfect	“She has worked hard,” he said. He said (that) she had worked hard.
Present Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous	“She “She has been working hard,” he said. He said (that) she had been working hard.
Past Simple	Past Perfect	“She worked hard,” he said. He said (that) she had worked hard.
Past Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous	“She was working hard,” he said. He said (that) she had been working hard.
Past Perfect	Past Perfect (no change)	“She had worked hard,” he said. He said (that) she had worked hard.
Am/is/are going to	Was / were / going to	“She is going to work hard,” he said. He said (that) she was going to work hard.
Will	Would	“She will work hard,” he said. He said (that) she would work hard.
Can	Could	“She can work hard,” he said. He said (that) she could work hard.
Must	Had to	“She must work hard,” he said. He said (that) she had to work hard. “”
May	Might	“She may work hard,” he said. He said (that) she might work hard.

Сҧрақтың екі тҥрлі тіке жолы бар:

Арнаулы сҧрақтар (Wh – questions) - сҧрақтар арнаулы сӛздерден немесе сӛз топтарынан басталады. Олар: what, who, which, whose, when, where, why, how many, how much, how long т.б.

Жалпы сҧрақтар (Yes/No - questions): кӛмекші сҧрақтардан немесе модальды етістіктерден басталады.

Арнаулы сҧрақты тӛлеу сӛзге айналдырғанда, сҧрақ белгісі тҥсіп қалады да, сҧраулы сӛйлемнің реті хабарлы сӛйлемнің ретіне айналады.

He asked me where she lived.

“Why did you apply for this job?” asked the sales manager. The sales manager asked me why I had applied for that job.
“When will I know the results of the examination?”

Asem asked the examiner when she would know the results of the examination.

I asked the salesman how the photocopier worked.
Жалпы сҧрақты тӛлеулі сҧраққа ауыстыру ҥшін whether, if кӛмекшілері қолданылады.

My bank manager wanted to know if (whether) I was taking much money with me to France.

Tom asked Paul if (whether) he had ever been to Japan.

I asked my new friend if (whether) she lived in Astana.

Достарыңызбен бөлісу:

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