Боргуль Н. М. Пособие по основам теории изучаемого языка, печать
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| §3. Functions of Intonation
Intonation performs a number of functions. The basic functions are: 1. The constitutive, it helps to form and delimit utterances as communicative units, transforming words as vocabulary items into utterances 2. Identificatory 3. The distinctive, it manifests itself in several particular functions, depending on the meaning which is differentiated - communicative, modal (attitudinal, logical), syntactical (grammatical, semantic, stylistic) Intonation serves to differentiate the communicative types of utterances: statements, questions, imperative and exclamatory sentences. The modal function of Intonation manifests itself in different modal (attitudinal) meanings - certainty versus uncertainty, definiteness versus, indefiniteness - all the varieties of the speaker's attitudes to the subject matter and the situation. Usually the speaker's attitude corresponds to the contents of the words, but sometimes intonation may disagree with the contents and become the crucial factor in the determining of the meaning of the utterance. The logical function manifests itself in differentiating the location of the semantic nuclei of the utterance and other semantically important words. The syntactical function reveals itself in differentiating syntactical types of sentences and syntactical relations in sentences: Her sister/ said Mary/ was a well-known actress. Her sister said/Mary was a well-known actress. The semantic function can be evident through the opposition of terminal tones in the same structures He doesn't lend his books to anybody (=to nobody) He doesn't lend his books to anybody (to some not all) Intonation also differentiates various pronunciation styles determined by extra linguistic factors. The identificatory function of Intonation consists in the use of the right intonation pattern in the right place, for example, learners of English should bear in mind that in some types of general questions, or set expressions a falling tone will sound more polite and appropriate ( thank you ) and a rising tone will sound casual ( thank you ). It is necessary to emphasize that all the functions of Intonation are fulfilled simultaneously and can't be separated one from another. Intonation is systematic in a given language and can't be used in the same way in another language. 51 жүктеу/скачать 0,78 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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