Курс лекций по лексикологии английского языка для студентов факультетов иностранных языков
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| Exercise 3.
Classify the compound words in the following sentences into compounds proper and derivational compounds: l) She is not a mind-reader. 2) He was wearing a brand-new hat. 3) She never said she was homesick. 4) He took the hours-old dish away. 5) She was a frank- mannered, talkative young lady. 6) The five years of her husband's newspaper- ownership had familiarised her almost unconsciously with many of the mechanical aspects of a newspaper printing-shop. 7) The parlour, brick-floored, with bare table and shiny chairs and sofa stuffed with horsehair seemed never to have been used. 8) He was heart-sore over the sudden collapse of a promising career. 9) His heavy-lidded eyes and the disorder of his scanty hair made him look sleepy. Exercise 4. Study the following passage. What is understood by the term "productivity"? Word-formation appears to occupy a rather special place in grammatical description. In many cases the application of apparently productive rules leads to the generation of compounds and derivatives that are, for one reason or another, felt to be unacceptable or at least very old by native speakers, and the grammarian must decide what status he is to give to such rules and their output in his grammar. The decision is by no means easy, and can lie anywhere between the setting up of maximally general rules of a generative type, with little concern for the fact that much of their output may in some sense be questionable, and the simple listing and classifying, in terms of syntactic function and internal structure, of attested forms... Processes of word- formation often seem to belong to a somewhat vague intermediary area between grammar and lexicon, and while this needs not prevent us from giving formal statements of these processes, it may often be necessary to state restrictions on their output in primarily semantic terms if we want to hold on to the criterion if native speaker acceptance as an essential measure of the adequacy of our description. Thus in the area of English nominal compounds it would seem that actually occurring compounds are not as a rule created like new sentences in order to refer to momentary conditions. Leaving aside the possible difficulties of stating such semantic considerations in a reasonably rigorous way in any given case, the problem is to determine, for the various word-formative processes in which they appear to play a жүктеу/скачать 0,7 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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