Xxii республикалық студенттер мен жас ғалымдардың ғылыми конференция материалдары


Late Modern English (1800-Present)



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Сборник материалов конференции (продолжение)

2.5. Late Modern English (1800-Present)
The main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is 
vocabulary. Late Modern English has many more words, arising from two principal factors: 
firstly, the Industrial Revolution and technology created a need for new words; secondly, the 
British Empire at its height covered one quarter of the earth's surface, and the English language 
adopted foreign words from many countries. Today, American English is particularly influential, 
due to the USA's dominance of cinema, television, popular music, trade and technology 
(including the Internet). But there are many other varieties of English around the world
including for example Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South 
African English, Indian English and Caribbean English. 
2.6. English as a global language 
English is a language belonging to the Germanic languages branch of the Indo-European 
language family, widely spoken on six continents. The primary language of the U.S., Britain, 
Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, and various Caribbean and Pacific island nations, it is 
also an official language of India, the Philippines, and many sub-Saharan African countries. It is 
one of the most widely spoken languages in the world (approximately 1.5 billion speakers), the 
mother tongue of more than 350 million people, and the most widely taught foreign language. 
An example of Middle English by Chaucer. 
Hamlet's famous "To be, or not to be" 
lines, written in Early Modern English by 
Shakespeare. 


47 
English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. In more than 70 
countries English is an official language (See supplement [2]). Estimates range from 309 million 
to over 400 million native speakers worldwide, and a very high number of people speak English 
as a second language. The British Council have forecast that there will be 2 billion learners of 
English as a foreign language by 2016. 
According to research by the 
British Council
, "English has official or special status in at 
least seventy-five countries with a total population of over two billion. English is spoken as a 
native language by around 375 million and as a second language by around 375 million speakers 
in the world. Speakers of English as a second language will soon outnumber those who speak it 
as a first language. Around 750 million people are believed to speak English as a foreign 
language*. One out of four of the world's population speak English to some level of competence. 
Demand from the other three-quarters is increasing." 


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