"фараби əлемі" атты халықаралық ғылыми конференция материалдары
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MUTAGENIC EFFECT OF THE CHROMIUM
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thesis114326
| INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MUTAGENIC EFFECT OF THE CHROMIUM
COMPOUND IN THE EXPERIMENT Mukhanbetzhanova S. al-Farabi Kazakh National University Msayazhan5@mail.ru It is known that heavy metal contamination is on a par with such acute problems as: the influence of acid rain, contamination with chemicals and radionuclides. Among the group of heavy metals important is given to chromium compounds, which are widely used in industrial production. Contamination of the environment by chromium compounds can be potentially dangerous for humans and other species. The number of chromium compounds in the environment is increasing and reaches a level that is dangerous for 161 the life of organisms. Extremely wide application of chromium in almost all branches of the chemical and metallurgical industry necessitates an in-depth study of its harmful effect on living organisms. At present, there are fifty industries where a person contacts with chromium. Today, have accumulated data, indicating that chromium compounds have not only a general toxic, but mutagenic and carcinogenic effect on humans and animals. Studies were conducted on white, non-pedigree rats of three months old with an initial body weight of 150-160 g. The preparation of cytological preparations was carried out according to the generally accepted technique of "dried preparations" with some modifications. The object of electron microscopy was the main bone marrow cells of the femur. Electron-microscopic examination of bone marrow chromosomes showed a change in the amount and in their linked structure. The performed work proves that even the minimal dose (on the rat we introduce 0.01%, 0.1%, 1% chromium) promotes the change of chromosomes in the genetic level. The frequency of chromosome disturbances in rats was appreciably high. An increase in the frequency of chromosome number violation with a high concentration of chromium introduced (1%) is noted. It also proves that at sufficient doses people living in carcinogenic areas are also susceptible to chromium toxicity. The main way of the entry of chromium into the surrounding environment is the contamination of the atmosphere by condensation and disintegration aerosols formed in the process of obtaining chromium and its compounds from chrome ore and its further processing. Solving the acute environmental problem of air pollution in agglomerations will certainly contribute to reducing the incidence of cancer and mortality. Scientific supervisor: Doctor of biological sciences, Professor Bigaliev A.B. жүктеу/скачать 2,79 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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