14 Down 1.? one?or?more?reasons?for?believing?that?something?is?or?is?not?true?/n/
2. a particular way of considering something /n/
4. the details or reasons that someone gives to make something clear or easy
to understand /n/
7.? the?fact?that?there?are?many?different?ideas?or?opinions?about?something?/n/
8. (the study and knowledge of) the practical, especially industrial, use of
scientific discoveries /n/
SPEAKING Exercise 4. Read six famous quotations about science and scientists. Do you agree with the authors of these quotations? Why? / Why not? 1) Science is a wonderful thing if one does not have to earn one’s living at it. Albert?Einstein
2) Science is the great antidote to the poison of enthusiasm and superstition. Adam Smith, the Wealth of Nations 3) Science is a cemetery of dead ideas. Miguel de Unamuno, the Tragic Sense of Life 4) Science does not know its debt to imagination.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
5) The important thing in science is not so much to obtain new facts as to dis- cover new ways of thinking about them. William Lawrence Bragg
6) Science has made us gods even before we are worthy of being men. Jean?Rostand
Exercise 5. Read the quotations below. All of them respond to the question “What is the one thing we should learn about science?” a) Whose quotation comes closest to your belief about what science should teach? b) Which quotations seem to contradict one another? Which quotations support one another? 1) Science is about uncertainty. We do not yet know the answers to most of the most important questions. Freeman Dyson
2) I would teach the world that science is the best way to understand the world, and that for any set of observations , there is only one correct explanation.
Lewis Wolpert
3) I would teach the world that scientists start by trying very hard to disprove what they hope is true… a scientist always acknowledges the possibility of error , and is less likely to be mistaken than one who always claims to be right .
Anthony Hoare
4) I would teach the world that science is imagination plus humility.
Michael Baum
15 5 Perfect as the wing of a bird may be, it will never enable the bird to fly if unsupported by the air. Facts are the air of science. Without them a man of science can never rise .
Ivan Pavlov
6 Science is built up of facts, as a house is built of stones; but an accumulation of facts is no more a science than a heap of stones is a house. Henri Poincarй