Мадина аралбаевна самбетбаеваның 6D070300 – Ақпараттық жүйелер мамандығы бойынша философия докторы (PhD) дәрежесін алу үшін дайындаған
of the Thesis «Development of a multilingual thesaurus for the information
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| of the Thesis «Development of a multilingual thesaurus for the information
technologies including the morphology of the Kazakh language with the purpose of the information system support of scientific and education activities» represented by MADINA SAMBETBAYEVA ARALBAYEVNA in candidacy for a degree of doctor (PhD) in specialty: 6D070300 – Information Systems Topicality of the research. Nowadays though the majority of the Information resources is transferred to the digital form, it is inaccessible for a wide circle of the scientific community, while the resources represented on the Internet are segmental and inconsistent. That’s why the process of the academic activities often requires systematization and classification of the available information resources. Development of the information technologies in general as well as the technologies in the sphere of communication and information processing in particular, led to the emergence of brand new opportunities of organization of almost the entire academic circle, which in its turn caused the qualitative growth of the participants’ information needs. The modern students equipped with a computer and using the opportunities of the Internet on a daily basis cannot be satisfied with a traditional educational process and usual formats of the learning materials, such as textbooks, books or flat text files. The guiding materials can currently be represented in many digital formats; they should be supported with many search and classification services. In the process of academic activities the work references, various materials and documents are rather time- and energy-consumable, such as: search of necessary documents, their systematization and classification in accordance with the set task. To satisfy the modern users’ information needs the support of the narrow functions of the information search and classification is required, as well as the browse of the resources according to the categories (headings) and the classification dictionaries. The most important task is systematization of the resources (thematic classification), for solution of which it is necessary to clearly define content of the logical and semantic categories (facets) and the key terms (concepts) covering the chosen rather narrow subject area of a user’s concern. There are currently many powerful information systems to some extent focused on the support of scientific researches. Among them there are information systems close to factographic, e.g. Integrated System of Information Resources of the Russian Academy of Science, Integrated Distributed Information System of the Russian Academy of Science, euroCRIS, and documentary, e.g. eLibrary, Informika, MathNET. The name of system to some extent satisfies information needs of the academic society, though each of them is not functionally perfect. The main disadvantages of the majority of the systems are limited opportunities of conducting analytical work with resources both inside of each system and in the external systems (the international standards and recommendations are often not considered, low interoperability). It is extremely inconvenient in the sphere of academic activities and one of the paramount tasks is in establishing connections between certain scientific facts (e.g, ‘what term ‘cybernetics’ means’ or ‘who the author of the present article is’) and the subject of the information system (persons, facts, documents, publications etc.). Standard approach to systematization of information is classification of the documents by means of taxonomies. Taxonomy is a subject classification grouping the term as a controllable dictionary (thesaurus) and sorting them (dictionaries) out as hierarchical structures. For description of a subject area a certain set of key terms is usually applied, each of which denotes or describes some concept of this subject area. The base of classification consists of the highlighting the concepts (key terms), establishing the paradigmatic relations (e.g. parent – child) between them and correlation of the analyzed document with the highlighted concepts. The most unpleasant thing in provision of information academic systems is that the technologies of information classification and systematization developed by libraries during the last hundred years do not work in narrow subject areas due to thematic proximity of the classified documents. For example, dictionaries UDC 10 and MSC2000 11 , or thesaurus UNESCO 12 , the most convenient for classification of resources in mathematics and informatics, usually refer all the resources selected for a certain training course, to the same category. Development of the specialized thesauruses is actual by itself for both the development and systematization of conceptual construct of the subject area (of informatics, in this case), and logical search of information in the full-text databases, on the Internet, as the means for formation of search need, formulation of search prescriptions and adequate automatic indexing, systematization and classification of documents. The main problem is high labor intensity and cost of manual thesaurus composition, as well as low flexibility of the process of its construction. In the thesauruses for manual indexing the combinations of close concepts are limited to one, the most respectable concept for reducing the indexing subjectivity. In the automatized thesauruses semantically close concepts are represented as individual units, which allow using synonymic rows when searching. The complexity in constructing a thesaurus corresponding to all the thematic diversity of the indexed information is one of the reasons of its unpopularity in the modern information systems. But if to consider the issue of efficiency of the information systems in certain knowledge areas, then creation and use of the specialized thesauruses in such systems is undoubtedly interesting and transfers the system into the entirely different quality class. Additional peculiarities at creation of an information system of academic activities support for such countries as Kazakhstan and Russia is the necessity of supporting search and classification processes simultaneously in several languages: for Russia it is mainly in two languages (Russian and English), while for Kazakhstan at least in three (Russian, English and Kazakh) languages. Thus, the documents should 10 Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), supported by the International Federation on Documentation (Federation Internationale de Documentation - FID) and UDC Consortium (http://www.udcc.org/), Russian version of the UDC is supported by the All-Union Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of the Russian Academy of Science. 11 Mathematics Subject Classification (http://www.ams.org/msc/) is supported by the American Mathematic Society (AMS). 12 http://databases.unesco.org/thesru/ be indexed in three different spaces, corresponding to three languages between the elements of which the relations of equivalence should be established, or in the integrated space set by the multilingual thesaurus. We should note that the elements of the attribute spaces may be represented in document in various forms of words, that’s why the main problem is the consideration of morphology of a certain language at indexation of documents. The attempts to construct the systems of document classification simultaneously in Russian, English and Kazakh are unknown to the author. The above said gives the ground to state that creation of an information system of academic activities support equipped with narrow search mechanism and adaptive services designed to satisfy information needs of researchers, using multilingual thesaurus on information technologies is a rather actual task significantly contributing to the development of this scientific area. The set tasks are nationally and internationally significant, because their solution theoretically and practically contributes to the development of specialized lexicographic resources for the Turkic languages. The efficiency of the systems for academic activities support directly depends on the application of specialized thesauruses, that’s why the present scientific work is actual.
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