| Top (or executive) managers are responsible for overseeing the whole
organization and typically engage in more strategic and conceptual matters, with less
attention to day-to-day detail. Top managers have middle managers working for them
and who are in charge of a major function or department. Middle managers may
have first-line managers working for them and who are responsible to manage the
day-to-day activities of a group of workers.
Note that there are different types of managers across the same levels in the
organization. A project manager is in charge of developing a certain project, e.g.,
development of a new building. A functional manager is in charge of a major
function, such as a department in the organization, e.g., marketing, sales, engineering,
finance, etc. A product manager is in charge of a product or service. Similarly, a
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