Summary
In this article, the author examines the development of the education system in
Kazakhstan, in the period 1913-2013 years. Based on the study of Kazakhstan scientists A.
Kuzembayuly and E. Abil that a major aspect of their scientific research, saw the development of
education, the author examined from various official sources of the formation of the education
system since the collapse of the Soviet Union, in the period of independent Kazakhstan. The
author tried to analyze this question in chronological order, for the last century, to trace possible
positive and negative aspects of the process of education, to give them an objective assessment,
identify patterns of growth.
Education policy in Kazakhstan was diverse and varied. Education reform in Kazakhstan,
as well as, perhaps, in any state, depended and depends on policy, the needs of society, the
specific leaders. If we consider the process of formation of the system of education in the 1913-
2013 years., It should be noted that there were positive aspects (eradication of illiteracy, the
construction of educational facilities, the opening of the first institutions of higher education, the
creation of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan - as a center of scientific life, and changes in
the period of independence, the creation of "Bolashak" program, the proliferation of educational
institutions, especially the Kazakh-speaking, the opening of "Nazarbayev University" which
aims to become the leader of the national education system) and were negative points (transitions
to Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet, the instability and ambiguity of Khrushchev's reforms, the
ineffectiveness of the reforms 60 - ies aimed at obtaining employment periods before to enter
higher education institutions, school closures in the Kazakh language, the economic problems of
90-ies., brain drain in the first years of independent Kazakhstan).
When viewed from the perspective of postmodernism, one of the tenets of this trend in
science sees history as a change of cultural periods, then the period under review, reflect just did
this approach. Indeed it is different from each other, cultural era. It should be noted that
generations of Kazakhs, who were educated in different periods are different quality of the
knowledge, belief system and outlook, the mentality, etc.
At the present stage of Kazakhstan creates its education system, absorbing the best
aspects of the education system of the East and the West, seeks to get into elite educational space,
retaining a particle ethnopedagogics and ethnic psychology, successfully combine these features
with the requirements of the XXI century innovation.