Образования
Research materials and methods
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- Research results and discussion.
| Research materials and methods. At all stages of experimental research, we complied with the basic requirements: adherence to the principle of single difference, i.e. observance of the unity of all cultivation conditions, except for one studied, the obligatory setting of the experiment on sites homogeneous in terms of climatic and soil factors and studied in time [4,21рр].
The experimental data were subjected to mathematical processing by the dispersion method according to B.A.Dospekhov [3,12 pp]. At the site, the experimental work was carried out by setting up field experiments by the method of ordinary repetition in 2 repetitions in time. Repetition of the same options - 3 - 4-fold. Experimental plots area 200 - 300 m2. All experimental crops were irrigated twice in the summer - at the end of May and mid-July, with an irrigation rate of 700 m3 per hectare. Four experiments were carried out at the site. Experience 1. The effect of soil cultivation on the yield of reed hayfields. Experience scheme: 1. Without tillage (control); 2. Disc harrow disking BDT - 2.2 to a depth of 10 - 12 cm, in two tracks; 3. Disking with a disc harrow BDT - 7.0 to a depth of 17 - 18 cm, in two tracks; 4. Plowing with a PM - 4 - 3.5 plow with a skimmer to a depth of 20 - 23 cm. Research results and discussion. Before processing the field with disc tools and a plow, the reeds (old men) of the previous year were burned on the site. For this, the plot was plowed on both sides so that the fire did not spread to other areas. It was only after that that the experiment was laid. The discs with the BDT - 2.2 and BDT - 7.0 harrows were carried out to a depth of 10 - 12 and 17 - 18 cm, respectively, in two tracks along and across the site. Plowing was carried out to a depth of 20 - 23 cm. The cultivation of the sod of the reed meadow facilitated the penetration of air into the root layer of the soil, and its main purpose is to cut the rhizomes of the reed, which significantly increases the stalk per unit area. [6,15 рр]. After processing in order to crush the top layer of the soil, the soil was harrowed with harrows "Zig - Zag" and rolled with ring rollers ZKK - 6A. For the purpose of concrete clarification of vegetative reproduction of reed in the conditions of the floodplain of the river. In the Syr Darya on meadow-boggy soils, field experiments were carried out with various processing of the sod of the reed meadow. In the early spring period, the selected area was plowed in two or three tracks, 10-15 m wide. Reed thickets in the inner area were burned. After that, the soil was cultivated by disking in two tracks with BDT - 2.2 harrows to a depth of 10 - 12 cm, BDT - 7.0 to a depth of 17 - 18 cm, and plowing with a PN - 4 - 35 plow to a depth of 20 - 23 cm. An untreated area served as a control. The experience, as noted, was laid twice in time - in 1993 and 1994. Crop accounting and many related observations were carried out over three years. Herbage management consisted of double irrigation in early May and mid-July with an irrigation rate of 700 m3/ha. Watering was carried out by filling. The research results showed that by establishing an effective method of pre-sowing soil cultivation against the background of the optimal dose of fertilization and irrigation regime, it is possible to regulate the growth and development of southern reed and thereby increase the productivity of flooded reed hay. [7,11рр]. It has been established that with deep loosening, the vegetative renewal of the southern plant grows due to the regrowth of vertical rhizomes and shoots grow in the inter-zone and become independent plants (Table 1). It can be seen from the data in the table that tillage with disc tools contributes to an increase in the stand per unit area. So, if there were 155 plants in the control during the regrowth period, then in the pre-sand plots there were 160 and 163 plants, respectively. The number of plants before harvesting is also in favor of discarded areas - 161, 168 and 214 plants per 1 m2. A similar number of stems per unit area is also in favor of discarded plots. In the area where plowing was carried out, the number of plants and stems is somewhat less than in the discarded areas, which we explain by the depth of occurrence of the rhizomes of the reed after the sod has been treated to a depth of more than 20 cm. On the discarded plots, the reed plants thrived better, had vigorous plants in comparison with the control and the plowed plot. жүктеу/скачать 2,01 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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