Навчальний посібник рекомендований для студентів медичних
THORACIC AREA (regio mammaria)
жүктеу/скачать 2,76 Mb. Pdf көрінісі
|
Korenkov Topographic Anatomy (1)
|
THORACIC AREA (regio mammaria) Area limits: ● above – the 3rd rib; ● below – the 7th rib; ● medially – linea parasternalis; ● laterally – linea axillaris anterior. The skin is thin and movable. In the subcutaneous tissue there are rr. cutanei anteriores et laterales nn. supraclaviculares. There are rr. mammarii laterales et mediales from intercostal nerves, superficial veins and branches of a. thoracoacromialis, a. thoracica interna, aa. intercostales anteriores in women. Mammary gland (mamma) is covered by superficial fascia which forms a capsula. Fascial septums sping from capsula inside the mammary gland, between its lobules. The capsule is attached to skin by means of connective tissue bands, and above to clavicle by means of suspensory ligaments of the breast (ligg. suspensorium mammae). The loss of compliance and distortion of connective tissue results in mastoptosis, what makes women to perform plastic surgery (mastopexy). The thoracic area has three layers of cellular tissue. First layer is located between skin and fascia superficialis (capsule) of mamma. Second layer is located inside the capsule between the lobules of mammary gland. Third later is located between the deep lamina of fascia superficialis and fascia pectoralis propria. The mammary gland comprises 15 – 20 radiary placed lobules. Each lobule has its own duct (ductus lactiferous), which forms a distention (sinus lactiferous) near the base of 13 the nipple. In the middle of mammary gland there is areola mammae in the center of which the mammilla (papilla mammaria) emerges. The papilla mammaria of a young woman complies with the 5th rib. Montgomery tubercles emerge in the area of areola. On the top of Montgomery tubercles, the excretory ducts of glandulae areolares open, which appear at the end of pregnancy and exist during all the lactation period. Sulcus intermammarius is located between left and right mammae. Behind the mamma capsule there is a layer of adipose tissue. Fascia pectoralis propria, m. pectoralis major and m. serratus anterior lie deeper. жүктеу/скачать 2,76 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
|