Section П
Упр. 1. Прочтите заголовок текста 7 В. Скажите, знаете ли вы что-
ннбудь по этому вопрос}'.
Упр. 2. Назовите значения следующих интернациональных слов:
essential, primitive, oiganism, normal, laboratoiy, calcium, associate,
mineralization, physiological, function, phosphorus, vitamin, vanadium,
effect, pigmentation, observation, support, cfTcctivc, litre, evolution,
skeletal, role, toxicity
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Упр. 3. Определите значения выделенных слов по контексту. Сино
нимы в скобках помогут вам.
1. Until now there has been no />roq/“(evidcncc) for the importance of
silicon in the life of animals or men. 2. Silicon is required (necessary) for
normal growth of living beings. 3. Previous (early) laboratory studies
showed several ways of obtaining hydrogen. 4. In the earliest stages (steps)
o f calcification in bones their calcium content (amount of calcium) is very
low. 5. When a reaction proceeds quickly, wc usually say that its rate is
high. 6. The symbols for magnesium and fluorine arc Mg and F. 7. Other
observations support the previous conclusion that silicon is essential.
8. Silicon is present in animal matter in small quantities. 9. Two is the
average between 1 and 3.
Слова к текст)':
vital — жизненный; except — кроме; suggest — наводить на мысль;
bone— кость; especially— особенно; plant— растение; egg—яйцо; bird —
птица; appreciable — ощутимый; implications (pi.) — толкования; parti
cipant — участник
Text 7 В
Прочтите текст про себя (контрольное время чтения — 6 минут).
Silicon: an Essential Element for Life Processes
Until now there has been no proof that silicon plays any definite role
in vital processes in animals or men. Scientists believed that it was
noncssential except in certain primitive organisms. But later it was shown
that silicon is required for normal growth and development o f living
beings.
Previous laboratory studies had suggested a possible role for silicon
in bone formation, especially in young bone. In the earliest stages of
calcification in bones, when their calcium content is very low, there is a
direct relationship between silicon and calcium. Silicon is associated
with calcium and increases the rate of bone mineralization. A relation
has also been established between silicon, magnesium and fluorine in
the formation of bones.
Some studies have also suggested the possibility that silicon has a
physiological function. In addition to calcium, phosphorus, magnesium,
iron and certain vitamins, silicon, along with tin, vanadium, and fluorine,
has an cfTcct of pigmentation.
Other observations support the previous conclusion that silicon is
essential. The level of silicon effective for normal growth and devel
opment is of the order that is present in plant and animal food-stufT.
Silicon is present in animal matter. The eggs o f birds and milk have
small but appreciable quantities. The blood of man averages about 5 mg
of silicon per litre.
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The discovery of the essential role o f silicon in life processes has many
implications, first, from an cvolutionaiy point of view, since silica performs
a skeletal role in some primitive organisms, and, second, because, although
great importance has been attached to the study of toxicity of silica, it has
also been found that silicon itself can be considered as an important
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