process similar to the development of personal identity, a three-stage
division of the process of
identity formation in adolescents [7, 73]:
Stage 1 - unverified identity, typical for younger adolescents. At this stage, the adolescent has
a lack of interest in the problems of ethnic roots and membership in an ethnic group. The teenager is
already showing a preference for the majority group;
Stage 2 - the search for ethnic identity (moratorium on Marcia). Adolescents go through this
stage. The second stage is characterized by the manifestation of interest in one's identity and its role
in the life of a teenager. In addition, J. Finney notes that ethnic "awakening" in a teenager is most
often associated with events of discrimination or humiliation on the basis of ethnicity. What makes
a teenager “... take a fresh look at his ethnic origin” [7, 75]. At this stage, there is an intensive
process of immersion in the culture of their people. This process is carried out through activities
such as reading, talking, visiting ethnographic museums and actively participating in cultural life.
Stage 3 - the stage of realized ethnic identity, it is characteristic of older students. This stage is
characterized by a bright, clear and stable feeling of the inviolability of their ethnic characteristics.
There is an attachment to ethnicity and culture. This is the stage of the formation of the “ethnic I”,
which has resolved the contradictions of its growth. J. Fanny, upon empirical testing of the model,
concluded that “the third stage of ethnic identity coincides with the achievement of a clear personal
identity ... ”[8,72]. Domestic studies of the development of ethnic identity are associated with such
names as M.S. Shaikemelev, Z.K. Shaukenova, G.S. Abdirayimova, G.M. Mendikulova, S. Zh.
Tazhibaeva, T.A. Kozyrev and others. Thus, summarizing a wide range of different points view on
the problems of ethnic identification, linguistic and socio-cultural adaptation
of children, you can do
the following findings:
1) school age is an important step in the process ethnic identity and socialization;
2) it is necessary to create favorable conditions for the formation of ethnic values in
schoolchildren and the formation of a positive ethnic identification, while it is imperative to take
into account the degree of influence on the process of all factors: mega-factors, mesofactors, micro-
factors;
3) pedagogically, it is possible to construct a "mechanism" of
ethnocultural education of
children as a controlled process of familiarizing a child with the language and culture of his people,
the formation of ethnic values and behavioral models inherent in a given society.
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