Пәннің оқу-әдістемелік кешенін құрастырушы: Абадилдаева Ш. К
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umkd shbba aya-20-3-21-1u
- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- Post-reading
| 4. Types of Activities
The idea that there are three main types of reading activity: pre-, while- and post-, is now a common feature of discourse about reading. Pre-reading activities can consist of questions to which the reader is required to find the answer from the text. Other pre-reading tasks tend to focus on preparing the reader for linguistic difficulties in a text; more recently attention has shifted to cultural or conceptual difficulties. The aim of while-reading activities is to encourage learners to be flexible, active and reflective readers. Many while reading tasks, with the aim of active and reflective reading, attempt to promote the kind of dialogue between reader and writer. Different genres offer opportunities for different activities of this kind. For example discursive texts typically present a problem to which there are a number of potential solutions. One can interrupt such texts at points which appear especially to invite a reader contribution. The writer might signal such, natural breaks' in his or her text in a number of ways, most obviously by means of a question. Texts in other genres such as narrative fiction may be divided into sections with intervening questions to encourage learners to predict the continuing events of the story. What such activities attempt to do is to replicate the process which occurs quite spontaneously in mature readers, we continually use the evidence of what has preceded to predict the continuation of a text. Other while-reading tasks require students to transfer information from a continuous text to some kind of grid or matrix or while reading activities may be designed to offer prompts for readers in the case of difficult texts. A major problem with while reading tasks of this kind is that they can be very time consuming to prepare. Post-reading activities can serve the purpose of heightening the reader’s awareness of other ways in which the topic could have been written about. Post-reading activity needs to be motivated by the genre, the context of learning and likely learner purpose. Activity 7. Read and identify activities for different stages of a reading lesson. Activities for a Reading Lesson
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