Stages
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Activities
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Explanation / Demonstration
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PRE - READING
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Warm-up exercises:
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elicitation / discussion about the topic (perhaps based on visuals, title)
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to elicit something associated with the topic
to encourage students to exchange ideas / opinions about the topic
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brainstorming
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word - star: ask students to predict the words and expressions likely to appear in the passage. Teacher writes them on the blackboard.
expressing hypotheses about the content of the passage, based on previous knowledge, by writing notes down
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games
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for warming-up relaxation
for training in basic reading
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guiding questions
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teacher asks / writes questions that help students exploit passages
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WHILE - READING
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comparing
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to compare passage with prediction in pre-reading
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obeying instructions
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students are given instructions and show comprehension by physical movement, finishing a task, etc.
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filling in gaps
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e.g., students read utterances of only one of the participants and are asked to reconstruct those of the others
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detecting differences or mistakes
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students read passages, responding only when they come across something different or wrong
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ticking off items (bingo)
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students read a list of words and tick off or categorize them as they read them
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information transfer
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maps, plans, gifts, forms, lists, pictures, etc.
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paraphrase
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students are asked to focus on certain sentences and paraphrase them
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sequencing
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e.g., students are asked to give the right order for a series of pictures
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information search
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students read a passage and take notes on the segments that answer a particular question
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filling in blanks
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students are given a passage with some words missing and must fill in the blanks while reading
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matching
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e.g., students are asked to match items that have the same meaning as those they read
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