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Mesophyte Eutrophic. Weed. Medicinal (Amaranthus retroflexus) tall.
land, wasteland, populated areas. The shore of the river or stream. grassland Nitrogen 14 White Clover (Trifolium reopens) Fabaceae Perennial creeping herb Meadow Mountain, alkaline, dry. Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The shore of the river or stream. Mesophyte Eutrophic Weed, Decorative, Fodder, Cultivated, Medicinal, Technical 15 Yellow chamomile - (Cota tinctoria) Asteraceae Perennial up to 70 cm tall In the steppe lowlands Xerophyte Weed. Technical. Insecticide 16 Cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris) Apiaceae
Juvenile grass. Less long term bush Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The shores of the lake, river or stream. Bushland - coastal or flood. grassland Mesophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic, Nitrogen
Medicinal 17 Downy burdock (Arctium tomentosum) Asteraceae Juvenile grassland Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The shores of the lake, river or stream. Bushland - coastal or flood. The gullies in meadows Mesophyte Eutrophic, Nitrogen
Medicinal, Edible 18 Sagebush or Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) Asteraceae Perennial herb to 12 cm tall
Anthropogenic: housing, roads. On the rocky slopes Weed, Medicinal 19 Austrian Sagebush or wormwood (Artemisia austriaca Jacq) Asteraceae Perennial grass tussocks On saline meadows, among sandy steppe, often on pastures, about roads, housing the steppe zone. Meadow dry or in meadow steppe. Roadsides. arid woodlands Xerophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic 20 Field Sagebush or wormwood (Artemisia campestris L) Asteraceae Perennial grass Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The shores of the lake, river or stream. Bushland - coastal or flood. Arid woodlands. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe meadow. Steppe grasslands. The slopes of the terraces, the top of the mountain ridges Xerophyte. Mesophyte Mesotrophic 21 Replacement Sagebush or wormwood (Artemisia commutata Besser) Asteraceae Perennial herb Steppe, steppe meadows, gravelly slopes 22
Asteraceae Dense perennial grass/shrub Dry meadow. Steppe mountain, meadow. Rocky: scree or deposit; rock or stone Xerophyte. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Fodder Medicinal 23 Arctic sage (Artemisia frigida) Asteraceae Half-shrub (15-45 cm tall.). In steppes on stony and rocky slopes, on the old deposits. Medicinal using grass, leaves, flowers, fruits and roots. In the grass found flavonoids, 30 mg% ascorbic acid, D 12-0,6% essential oils are about 10% of the ketone (1- benzophenone) and traces undecanoic acid. The roots contain traces of essential oil 24
Asteraceae Shrub 50-100 cm tall. Perennial lignified stalks vertical or ascending, covered with brownish- gray bark. Annual herbaceous shoots numerous, dirty-purple or brown, bare in the upper part. Meadow steppe edge, splitting, bushland along the river valleys, cliffs and steep slopes.
25 Artemisia obtusiloba Ledeb Asteraceae Compositae Half-shrub 30-40 cm tall. Stems in the root of the perennial, woody, branching. Annuals - two genera. Some - only leaf- bearing, the second - generative. Rocky, pebble and gravelly slopes, rock steppe.
26 Artemisia nitrosa Weber. Asteraceae Compositae Grass ground. Rhizome creeping, producing short shoots in the number of 2-5 cm at the end with the leaves and flowering, erect, robust stems, 40-50 cm tall. Salt meadows in the desert 27 Artemisia schischkinii Krasch. Asteraceae Compositae Half-shrub, forming a low sward diameter 5-8cm. Alkaline mountain steppes. 28 Sieversian wormwood (Artemisia sieversiana Willd) Asteraceae Annual or biennial grass Steppe mountain, meadow. On the steppe, Solonetz, less upland meadows, sparse groves, sometimes on coastal cliffs, often as Weed around housing, roads, fields and fallow lands Mesophyte Mesotrophic Halophyte. Calcium
Medicinal: It contains essential oils, ketones, phenols, azulenes, sesquiterpene alcohols and hydrocarbons . Fodder
29 Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) Asparagaceae Perennial grass Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The shores of the lake, river or stream. Bushland. Dry grassland. Steppe Xerophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Decorative, Cultivated, Medicinal, Edible, Poisonous 30
Leguminosae Perennial herb to 40 cm tall By steppe meadows and rocky slopes of the mountains Xerophyte Fodder 31
Fabaceae Perennial grass Anthropogenic: fallow. Rocky: scree or scattering. Rocks and stone. Shrub habitat.. Steppe meadow Xerophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Decorative 32
Polygonaceae branched shrub or shrub 40-100 cm tall It grows on rocky soil in semi-desert and desert, primarily on gravelly riverbeds. Fodder. Medicinal 33 Saltbush (Atriplex cana C.A. Mey) Amaranthaceae Shrub up to 50 cm tall In salt marshes, alkaline depressions, river Xerophyte. Fodder, Technical, fuel
valleys and lake shores. On stony and debris loops and gentle slopes of the hills Halophyte 34 Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana) Brassicaceae Biennial herb to 65 cm tall Along the river valleys. Among the bushes, on dry slopes. In roads in settlements Xerophyte Weed. Olives 35
Poaceae
Long meadow and steppe grass
Anthropogenic: lakeside, River or stream. In the bushes. In meadows. In the steppe meadows. In meadows prefers light sandy soil Меsоphyte Xerophyte Mesotrophic Fodder. Cultivated 36 Grass rush (Butomus umbellatus) Butomaceae Grass – roots take root in water The waterfront Hydrophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Decorative. Medicinal. Edible: rhizome is baked, flour contains starch 37 Chee reedgrass (Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth) Poaceae
Hardy perennial plant up to 150 cm tall On sandy soils of low mountains marshy Fodder
38 Camphorosma lessingii Litv Amaranthaceae Perennial herb to 70 cm tall
On the rocky slopes of low mountains, salt marshes
Xerophyte Mesotrophic Halophyte Fodder
39 Caragana frutex (L.) K.Koch Fabaceae
Deciduous shrub Anthropogenic: roadside. The waterfront. Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. Mountain shrub habitats. Arid woodlands. Steppe meadow Xerophyte Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated 40 Welted Thistle (Carduus crispus) Asteraceae Biennial or perennial plant up to 12 cm in height It is found in scrub, meadows, river banks. Some roads and housing Honey, Food Weed 41
V.I.Krecz. Cyperaceae Hardy perennial grass On steppe slopes of low mountains, in scrub
Xerophyte 42
Cyperaceae Grass, perennial up to 35 cm height On the slopes of the upland steppe, in bushland Xerophyte Fodder 43
Cyperaceae Perennial herb. Long underground rhizomes
In steppes, on sandy and saline meadows. Often forms pods in the feather grass steppes. Xerophyte. The most xerophilous steppe sedge Fodder 44
Apiaceae Perennial herb Anthropogenic: fallow land, roadsides. Arable land or garden. Wasteland. Meadow mountain Mesophyte Mesotrophic Cultivated. Medicinal. Edible. Weed. 45
Chenopodiaceae An annual plant up to 30 cm tall
Semi-desert steppe, steppe areas on sandy soil.
Fodder 46 Lambs Quarters (Chenopodium album L) Chenopodiaceae Annual grass upto 2m tall Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. Weed in the fields, fallow lands, kitchen gardens. The waterfront. Coastal flood or shrubs Mesophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Fodder, Medicinal, Technical (dye for wool) 47
Chenopodiaceae Grass annual ground (up to 60 cm in height) grows on sandy soils, rocks, dry river beds and weedy places. Weed. Medicinal. It is used as an anti-moth. It has a large number of fragrant essential oil. 48 Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Asteraceae Perennial herb (up to 80 cm) Anthropogenic: roadside vegetable wasteland. Near settlements. Dry meadow. Steppe meadow Xerophyte Mesophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Medicinal. Edible stems, leaves and roots (the latter - for making a coffee substitute, to produce
sugar and alcohol). Good honey plant 49
Poaceae
Hardy perennial herb, upto 20cm in height. Stems sinuous, curved when dry
On the plains and foothills Fodder
50 Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) Convolvulaceae Creeping perennial herb Anthropogenic: roadside vegetable wasteland. Rocky: scree or scattering. grassland Xerophyte Mesophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Medicinal 51 Dog’s tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.) Boraginaceae Juvenile grass Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside, arable land or garden, wasteland. The waterfront. Rocky: scree or scattering. Shrub habitat. Meadow dry. Steppe meadow Xerophyte Mesophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Cultivated. Medicinal. Technical. Poisonous Weed
52 Cocks foot (Dactylis glomerata) Poaceae Hardy Perennial plant up to 150 cm in height The scrubland of flooded and upland meadows. 53 Alpine delphinium (Delphinium elatum) Ranunculaceae Perennial plants (up to 1.5 m in height). In the steppe lowlands, Decorative 54 Tufted hair grass (Deschampsia cespitosa) Poaceae
Hardy herbaceous perennial upto 1m Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The waterfront, wetlands. Bushland. floodplain meadow Mesophyte: Very broad ecological range Mesotrophic Very broad ecological range Nitrogen
Decorative. Fodder 55
Dipsacaceae Perennial herb up to 130 cm By bushland, low-mountain steppe and gravelly slopes, river valleys 56
Lamiaceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden. Rocky: scree or scattering. Shrubs mountain, coastal or flood. Dry Meadow Mountain. Steppe mountain meadows Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative 57 Southern globethistle (Echinops ritro L.) Asteraceae Perennial Plant 60cm tall on the steppe grasslands, steppes, on stony and clay slopes, river valleys Honey plant, poisonous plant. 58
Poaceae Hardy perennial plant up to 1m in height the dry plains, hills and slopes. On the banks of ponds Xerophyte Mesophyte Fodder
59 Elymus multicaulis (Kar. & Kir.) Tzvelev Poaceae
Hardy perennial plant up to 1m in height saline meadows Mesophyte Fodder 60
Poaceae Hardy perennial grass The meadows Mesophyte Fodder 61
Poaceae Hardy oerennial grass The meadows Mesophyte Fodder 62
Ephedraceae Almost leafless branched shrub Steppe lowlands Xerophyte Medicinal 63
Ephedraceae Low, almost leafless branched shrub to 25 cm tall. Steppe, dry rocky slopes Xerophyte 64
& Spach Poaceae
Hardy grass. Annual plant up to 30 cm high. It grows in the southern steppes and deserts, on dry slopes of the mountains Xerophyte 65 Annual wheatgrass Eremopyrum triticeum (Gaertn.) Nevski Poaceae
Hardy grass. Annual plant up to 30 cm high It grows in the steppes on gravelly, sandy and alkaline soils. Xerophyte
66 Flat sea holly Eryngium planum L. Apiaceae Perennial grass up to 30 - 100cm tall Anthropogenic: roadside. Rocky: scree or scattering. The waterfront. In mixed grass, feather grass and rocky steppes, dry steppe grasslands. Xerophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Weed. Decorative. Medicinal 67
Brassicaceae Biennial grass Anthropogenic: roadsides, arable land or garden. Rocky: rock or stone. Dry Meadow Steppe. On dry stony outcrops Xerophyte Mesophyte Mesotrophic Calcium
Cultivated. Medicinal 68
Brassicaceae Grass up to 100cm tall In the bush steppe lowlands Poisonous 69
Geraniaceae Perennial herb up to 60cm On the rocky slopes of low mountains and sandy river banks 70
C.A. Mey Euphorbiaceae Perennial herb up to 40cm On the rocky slopes of the steppe lowlands Xerophyte Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. Not yet assessed for the IUCN red list.
Endemic to Altai region 71
Apiaceae – Perennial plant up to 170cm tall On the rocky steppe slopes, forb-feather grass steppe, steppe shrubs in the bush Xerophyte 72 Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) Poaceae
Hardy Grass perennial Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. Bushland. Coastal flood or place. Meadow. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Eutrophic Fodder. Cultivated 73 Volga Fescue (Festuca valesiaca Gaudin) Poaceae
Perennial plants in arid woodlands On steppe slopes of hills. dry Meadow Mesophyte Fodder. It improves soil structure and fertility. It is used for improving eroded soils 74
hexapetala Gilib) Rosaceae Tuber perennial grass up to 80 cm in height; spherical-thickened roots Arid woodlands. Dry grassland. Steppe meadow
Xerophyte Mesophyte Mesotrophic Food. Starch. Honey plant. Tanning properties.Decorative. Fodder. Cultivated. Medicinal 75 Meadow sweet - Filipendula ulmaria Rosaceae
Long term grass Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Bushland coastal or flood. Meadow damp or boggy Aquatic plant Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Edible
76 Green Strawberry - Fragaria viridis (Duchesne) Rosaceae
Creeping perennial grass Shrub habitat. Dry Steppe meadow Mesophyte Mesotrophic Edible 77
officinalis Fumariaceae Annual up to 30 cm tall Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside, arable land or garden, wasteland Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Medicinal. Poisonous Weed 78
Fumariaceae Annual up to 40 cm tall Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside, arable land or garden, wasteland near houses Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Weed
79 Galatella hauptii (Ledeb.) Lindl Asteraceae Perennial herb up to 40 On the steppes and meadow steppes Mesophyte
cm tall 80 Northern bedstraw (Galium boreale) Rubiaceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic habitats: the roadside garden, wasteland. The waterfront. Stony places: scree or placer, rock or stone. Bushland. Meadow. Steppe mountain meadows
Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Medicinal. Technical 81
Rubiaceae Ground grass up to 100 cm tall
thickets, grassy and rocky slopes Polymorphic type varies in shape and relative size of the corolla, the extent of its sections, the length of the filaments and anther size 82
Rubiaceae Perennial Grass up to 80 cm tall Anthropogenic habitats: the roadside garden, wasteland. Stony shore waters. Scree or placer, rock. Zarosli.Suhoy ostepnёnny shrub or meadow. Steppe. On the dry slopes of hills Xerophyte Mesophyte Oligotrophic and Mesotrophic Decorative. Technical 83 Lady’s bedstraw ( Galium verum) Rubiaceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: roadsides, in vacant lots. It grows in meadows, mountain meadow steppes, bushes. In dry steppe meadows. On the banks of reservoirs. On stony ground: talus rock. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Fodder. Cultivated. Medicinal. Edible. Technical. Poisonous Fresh flowers are used in cheese-making - they quickly coagulate milk. In homeopathy, used the essence of the aerial parts of the plant. Good honey plant. Roots and flowers, as well as the vast number of plants of the family Rubiaceae contain colorants. Previously they were used for dyeing of wool in yellow, green and red 84
Geraniaceae Perennial Grass up to 40cm tall It grows in meadows, prefers wet habitat. Increases salinization. Frost resistant. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Fodder: pasture can tolerate trampling, it grows quickly after mowing and grazing, especially in the first half of the summer. Most famous is the plant received as a source of tannin concentrates for the leather industry. All parts of Geranium collinum contain tannins quality. Honey plant. dyeing 85
Rosaceae Perennial Terrestrial plants up to 70 cm tall, with a thick creeping rhizome shrub thickets, meadows, on grassy slopes on the banks of reservoirs, on vacant lots, along roads Mesophyte Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Medicinal, Edible, Technical. Rhizoma contains sugar, tannin and coloring matter and a quantity (0.022%) of the essential oil, the main component of which is eugenol - aromatic and tonic properties; It can serve as a substitute allspice. Formerly widely used in medicine, and sometimes even divorce in culture 86
Lamiaceae Perennial herbaceous creeping up to 50 cm tall Anthropogenic: roadside deposits wasteland. The waterfront. Bushland. Boggy meadow. Mesophyte, Aquatic plant Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Poisonous 87 Chinese liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) Fabaceae
Perennial Grass The waterfront. Bushland - coastal or flood. Dry meadow steppe Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Mesotrophic Fodder, Medicinal, Edible, Technical 88
Plumbaginaceae Perennial succulent herb up to 50 cm in height Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. On the slopes of low mountains. Shrubs mountain. Meadow Steppe desert In the meadow thickets Xerophyte Oligotrophic. Mesotrophic. Halophyte, psammophyte Petrof
Decorative, Cultivated 89
Caryophyllaceae Perennial Grass Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe meadow Xerophyte. Mesophyte Mesotrophic 90 Bristol fairy Gypsophila paniculata Caryophyllaceae Perennial Grass up to 80 cm Anthropogenic: fallow, plowed field or garden. The waterfront. Rocky: rock or stone. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe meadow Xerophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal 91 Dwarf everlast Helichrysum arenarium Asteraceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: wastelands. Rocky: scree or scattering. Bushland. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe meadow desertified Xerophyte Oligotrophic. Psammophyte Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Technical 92
Poaceae
Hardy plant up to 70 cm tall
Steppe, rocky slopes Xerophyte 93 Canadian hawkweed Hieracium umbellatum Asteraceae Perennial grass Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land or garden and wasteland. The waterfront. Rocky habitats: scree or scattering. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Medicinal
Meadow. Steppe meadow 94
Asteraceae Perennial herb to 65 cm tall The meadows Mesophyte 95
Poaceae Hardy grass In the steppe lowlands Xerophyte 96 Foxtail barley - Hordeum jubatum Poaceae
Hardy grass annual, bilateral or juvenile to 60 cm tall Weed along roads and on vacant lots. Rocky: scree or scattering. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Through the valley of meadows and pebbles. Steppe meadow Xerophyte. Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative, Cultivated, very aggressive weed 97 Stinking nightshade (Hyoscyamus niger) Solanaceae Grass annual, bilateral or juvenile, rosette to 100 cm tall Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside, arable land or garden, wasteland. The waterfront, especially in the steppe zone. Mesophyte with a very broad ecological range Eutrophic The plant is poisonous (especially seeds).Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Technical 98 St Johns wort (Hypericum perforatum) Hypericaceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: fallow, road sides, fields or garden. Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. Shrubs. Meadow Mountain dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe mountain meadows XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Cultivated, Medicinal, Edible, Technical. Poisonous - increases sensitivity to ultraviolet 99
Lamiaceae Herbaceous Perennial Plant up to 45 cm tall On the rocky and stony slopes Xerophyte Mesotrophic Medicinal: greens contains mineral salts. Honey plant: a lot of essential oils (about 1%). Edible: shoots, leaves and flowers are used fresh or dried as seasoning for food. Add in pickling cucumbers and tomatoes. The leaves can be flavored cheese and mayonnaise or aromatize liqueurs; brewed into tea 100
Lamiaceae Perennial shrub up to 40 cm tall
It grows on saline water meadows, stony and debris steppe slopes of hills, on gravel soils Mesophyte Mesotrophic Red book of Kazakhstan - Endemic. Not yet assessed for the IUCN Red List Decorative 101
Lamiaceae Herbaceous Perennial Plant
It grows on stony and debris steppe slopes of hills and hills Xerophyte Decorative. Medicinal: greens contains mineral salts
102 Inula Britannica Asteracea Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Bushland. Arid woodlands. Meadow Mountain, dry or ostepnёnny, moist or swampy. Steppe meadow
Mesophyte with a very broad ecological range Eutrophic. Halophyte - Reduces salinity 103
Iridaceae Perennial Plant up to 4 cm tall
On stony slopes, steppe meadows, steppe meadows
Listed in the Redbook of Kazakhstan. Endemic Not yet assessed for the IUCN Red List 104 Black grass Juncus gerardii Juncaceae Partly hardy perennial turf grass up to 50 cm tall with a creeping rhizome It grows in damp meadows, the bottoms of the beams, the banks of ponds, salt marshes. On saline areas often form continuous thickets. Anthropogenic: roadside: scree or scattering. Meadow moist or boggy Mesophyte, Aquatic plant Mesotrophic, Eutrophic. Halophyte 105
Kochia prostrata Chenopodiaceae Xerophytic long half- shrub, rarely shrub up to 50 (120) cm high, with raised branches and powerful deep penetrating root system It grows in the desert, on the rocky slopes on the eastern and southern exposures, on solonetz, sometimes saline soils in arid climates. In the steppe meadows. Xerophyte Halophyte Fodder 106
Crested hair grass Koeleria cristata Poaceae
Hardy perennial grass up to 70 cm tall. Forms a dense turf Anthropogenic: roadside. The waterfront. Rocky: scree or scattering. Steppe meadow. In mixed grass, forb-grass and meadow steppes, dry, steppe, riparian and solonetz meadows, floodplain gravels XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic Fodder 107
Meadow pea - Lathyrus pratensis Poaceae
Perennial Grass Roadsides, wastelands. Along the lakes. Bushland - coastal or flood. grassland Mesophyte Mesotrophic Fodder.
Medicinal 108
Persian everlasting pea Lathyrus rotundifolius Poaceae
Perennial Grass In the mountain scrub Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Fodder. Cultivated. Medicinal 109
Poaceae
Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: shrubs. Steppe low mountain Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated 110
Malvaceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside, vacant lots, in the settlements. Rocky: scree or scattering. Shrubs. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe mountain meadows XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Fodder. Cultivated. Medicinal. Technical 111 Wild rosemary or Marsh Labrador Tea Ledum palustre (reclassified as Rhododendron tomentosum) Ericaceae Evergreen shrub to 120 cm tall In bodies of water, wetlands. Although rare in Kazakhstan the species is widespread in the Russian Altai. Aquatic plant Oligotrophic Listed in the Redbook of Kazakhstan. Listed as having a conservation status of Least Concern on IUCN Red List as rare in Kazakhstan but widespread in the Russian Altai Decorative. Medicinal 112
Motherwort Leonurus cardiac Lamiaceae Long term grassland Steppe Plateau Xerophyte 113
Pepperwort (Lepidium latifolium) Brassicaceae Perennial grass up to 1.5 m in height Anthropogenic: in settlements along the roads, on vacant lots. On the banks of reservoirs. Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. On the steppe lowlands. On the mountain meadows. On solonetzes, alkaline and salt marsh areas Mesophyte Eutrophic. Halophyte Medicinal, Edible, Technical
114 Limonium myrianthum Limoniaceae Perennial Grass 100 cm In steppes on solonetz areas, rocky salt marshes in depressions on the rocky slopes of low mountains in chievnikah Xerophyte Decorative plant and is used for dry bouquets. Tanning
115 Linaria vulgaris Scrophulariaceae Perennial Grass weed forming
Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland town. The waterfront. Rock, stone. Meadow solonetzic, dry or ostepnёnny XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Medicinal 116
Common Gromwell Lithospermum officinale Boraginaceae Perennial Plant up to 100cm
On steppe slopes, upland meadows, scrub Medicinal 117 Tatarian honeysuckle Lonicera tatarica Caprifoliaceae Deciduous shrub up to 3 m high
Anthropogenic: roadside. Shore rivers or streams. Bushland mountain Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Technical 118
Medicago falcata L Fabaceae
Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. In coastal bushes or floodplain. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe Mesophyte Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Fodder. Cultivated 119 Black Medic Medicago lupulina Fabaceae Annual grass Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside wasteland. The lakes, rivers or streams. Coastal scrub habitat or flood. grassland graze
Mesophyte with a very broad ecological range. Mesotrophic with a very broad ecological range. Fodder. Cultivated 120 Wild mint Mentha arvensis Lamiaceae Herbaceous rhizomatous perennial up to 100 cm tall.
In the fields, meadows, on the banks of reservoirs, rivers, lakes, ditches and irrigation canals, have marshy areas. Roadsides, wastelands. Rocky: scree or scattering. Bushland coastal or flood Mesophyte. Swamp reed. Indicator of waterlogged soil Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Cultivated (menthol oil 60%). Medicinal. Edible: when crushed leaves give a strong lemon-mint flavor . Technical. Weed 121
Asian mint Mentha asiatica Lamiaceae Herbaceous perennial Ditches and springs Mesophyte Mesotrophic Cultivated Medicinal. Edible. Technical. Weed 122
Asteraceae Perennial shrub up to 1 m in height It grows on clay, alkaline soils in the valleys and foothills 123
Fabaceae
Perennial terrestrial plant up to 70 cm in height By gravelly slopes, in the steppes, meadows, on the edges of shrubs Fodder, oil 124
Cotton Thistle Onopordum acanthium Asteraceae Dumort Large grass (up to 2 m in height) with a very thorny stem Anthropogenic: deposit, roadside wasteland populated areas. The lakes, rivers or streams. Shrub habitat. XeroMesophyte Eutrophic. Nitrogen Weed. Decorative. Fodder. Medicinal. Edible. Technical 125
Oregano - Origanum vulgare Lamiaceae Perennial herb up to 90cm Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Stony places: scree or placer, rock or stone. Mainly on the northern slopes. Less common in the southern rocky and gravelly slopes. Shrub of site. Arid woodlands. Meadow Mountain dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe mountain meadows Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative Cultivated. Medicinal. Essential Oil Edible. Technical (dye) 126 Broomrape Orobanche Orobanchaceae Perrenial Steppe lowlands Weed
127 Orostachys spinosa Crassulaceae Perennial grass up to 30 cm Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. Mountain shrub thickets. Arid woodlands. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe and mountain desert plain dry stony-gravelly, rocky slopes on the south. In alkaline soils Xerophyte Oligotrophic, Mesotrophic. Petrof
Decorative, Cultivated, Edible, Fodder 128 Steppe or Hybrid peony Paeonia hybrida Paeoniaceae Perennial Herbaceous plant up to 50 cm tall It grows in the meadow steppes, steppe meadows. In the steppe meadows, thickets of shrubs steppe on a gentle hillside and hills.
Red book of Kazakhstan not yet assessed for the IUCN red list. It is necessary to introduce monitoring of the populations, to prohibit the collection of flowers and harvesting the rhizomes and tubers are strictly regulated. To save the species habitat protection is recommended - the organization of botanical sanctuaries and monuments of nature. It is necessary to prohibit the collection of bouquets, digging up plants and sell them. The factors leading to the extinction of species: the destruction of habitats. Peony steppe occurs sporadically, it does not form a large bush. In nature, only reproduces by seeds. Adversely affect the productivity of seed rain during flowering, strong shade, soil compaction. Medicinal, Decorative. 129
Patrinia intermedia Valerianaceae Perennial Grass The waterfront. Rocky: scree or scattering. The mountain steppe Xerophyte Mesotrophic. Petrofilic Medicinal 130
Petrosimonia sibirica (Pall.) Chenopodiaceae Herbaceous annual plant up to 50 cm in height Steppe lowlands Halophyte 131 Reed canary grass Phalaroides arundinacea Poaceae
Close perennial grass up to 1.5 m
In damp and wet meadows on the rich soils. Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. shrubs coastal or flood. Raw or boggy meadow. Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Eutrophic Decorative. Fodder. Cultivated: Wild relatives of cultural plants. It improves soil structure and fertility. It is used to secure the soil from
washing away (on the slopes, slopes, railway embankments, ravines, near the dam, and others.). 132
Purple stem cats tail Phleum phleoides Poaceae
Herbaceous perennial hardy turf plant to 80 cm tall In dry or steppe meadows, in the steppes, hills and rocky slopes. Mountain steppe forb-feather grass meadow Xerophyte Mesotrophic Fodder. Wild relative of cultural plants 133
Lamiacea
Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: fallow land, wasteland. Rocky: scree or scattering. Shrub habitat. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe meadow Xerophyte Eutrophic Medicinal 134
Poaceae
Hardy perennial Grass water Rooting Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land, waste ground. The waterfront, wetlands. Shrubs coastal or flood. Meadow moist or swampy.
Aquatic plant. Hydrophyte Eutrophic. Halophyte. PseudoHalophyte It is growing in saline soils if at a depth of no more than 6m fresh water.
Medicinal. Technical. Fodder
135 Plantago media Plantaginaceae Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Shrubs coastal or flood. Meadow Mountain and dry steppefied. meadow steppes XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Medicinal 136
Poa angustifolia Poaceae
Hardy grass up to 120cm tall
In dry meadows, pebbles, sometimes roads in settlements Mesophyte Fodder
137 Poa attenuata Trin Poaceae
Hardy perennial grass, It is found on lawns, rocky slopes, pebbles, upland steppes Mesophyte Fodder 138
Kentucky bluegrass - Poa pratensis Poaceae
Perennial Grass hardy turf upto 120cm tall Anthropogenic: roadside, arable land, waste ground. The waterfront. Mountain bushland. Meadow Mountain dry or ostepnёnny. It may form pure thickets Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Fodder, Cultivated, Technical. Extremely polymorphic species 139
Poaceae Hardy grass Meadow Mountain dry or ostepnёnny Mesophyte Mesotrophic Fodder 140
Silver poplar Populus alba Salicaceae Deciduous tree up to 30 m tall
Anthropogenic: roadside gardens, vacant lots, settlements. The waterfront. In the steppe regions. riparian forests Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Technical. Extremely polymorphic species
141 Black poplar Populus nigra Salicaceae Deciduous tree up to 25 m tall the steppe regions of plains and low mountains on the banks and floodplains of major rivers; riparian forests Mesophyte Technical 142
Rosaceae
Stemless or short- stemmed flowering perennials 1-3 to 7 cm tall In steppes, on dry meadows, rocky and gravelly slopes and tops of hills Mesophyte Weed 143
Potentilla bifurca Rosaceae
Herbaceous plant up to 30 cm in height On steppe, steppe and stony slopes. Anthropogenic: from housing 144
Rosaceae
Herbaceous perennial In meadows, grassy, stony and clayey Mesophyte Mesotrophic plant slopes, in floodplains and river pebbles 145
Rosaceae
Herbaceous plant up to 50 cm In meadows, grassy slopes, coastal and solonetz areas, river pebbles. Anthropogenic: along the roads. Mesophyte Tanning plants, Medicinal, Weed. 146
Potentilla nudicaulis Willd. ex Schltdl.
Rosaceae Herbaceous perennial plant In meadows, grassy slopes 147 Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schltdl.
Rosaceae Herbaceous perennial plant up to 50 cm in height
On open stony slopes, in the steppes Xerophyte 148 Prairie Crocus, Mayflower or Eastern Pasqueflower Pulsatilla patens Ranunculaceae Многолетнее Herbaceous растение до 40 см высотой, эфемероид On dry sunny slopes. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Meadow steppes. Anthropogenic: in bushes Xerophyte. Mesophyte Oligotrophic, Mesotrophic. Psammophyte Rare - in the Red Book of Kazakhstan Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal (includes anemonin, which has a strong bactericidal and fungicidal action, and others.)
Poisonous 149
Meadow buttercup Ranunculus acris L. Ranunculaceae Perennial Grass to 70cm tall
Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Bushland coastal or flood. Meadows, grasslands, steppe meadows Mesophyte Mesotrophic Medicinal. Poisonous 150
Rhamnaceae Spreading shrub, highly branched deciduous up to 8 m tall Anthropogenic habitat: roadside fallow, wasteland. The waterfront. Scree or placers, rocks, mountain slopes. Among the bushes. Mountain dry or ostepnёnny meadow Xerophyte. Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic. Calcium Decorative. Cultivated. Honey plant. Medicinal ( laxative, a lot of vitamin C ). Technical ( dyeing, tanning ) 151
Prickly rose Rosa acicularis Rosaceae
Deciduous shrub up to 2 m in height On the banks of reservoirs. Among the bushes. In meadows, woodlands Mesophyte with a very broad ecological range Mesotrophic with a very broad ecological range Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Edible
152 Cinnamon rose - Rosa majalis Rosaceae Deciduous shrub up to 2 m in height Anthropogenic: roadsides, riverbanks. In the coastal and riparian shrubs. On wet or waterlogged meadows. In the steppes Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative, Cultivated, Medicinal, Edible 153 Burnet Rose Rosa pimpinellifolia Rosaceae Deciduous shrub 1-2 m tall Rocky mountain slopes. Mountain and coastal flood plain bushland. Arid woodlands. Dry or ostepnёnny meadow. Mountain and meadow steppe Mesophyte Mesotrophic Edible ( leaves - a substitute for tea ). Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal 154 Eurasian dewberry Rubus caesius Rosaceae Deciduous shrub up to 1.5 m in height Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland populated areas. The waterfront. Coastal flood and bushland. grassland Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Nitrogen Medicinal. Edible (berries). Decorative. Cultivated 155 Common sorrel Rumex acetosa Polygonaceae Grass ground perennial rosette up to 12 cm in height
Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Rocky habitats: scree or scattering. Shrub or flood coastal thickets. Meadow Mountain, wet or boggy Mesophyte, Aquatic plant Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Cultivated, Medicinal, Edible
156 Rumex confertus Willd. Polygonaceae Grass perennial Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Coastal flood and bushland. Meadow. Steppe meadow. Mesophyte Eutrophic Fodder. Medicinal. Edible. Technical 157 White willow Salix alba Salicaceae Deciduous tree or shrub On the banks of reservoirs. Among the coastal scrub Aquatic plant Mesotrophic, Eutrophic, Psammophyte Cultivated, Medicinal, Decorative, Technical (used in tanning) 158
Grey willow Salix cineria Salicaceae Deciduous tree or shrub On roadsides. On the banks of ponds, swamps. Among the coastal scrub. In wet and boggy meadows, meadow steppes Aquatic plant Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Fodder, Technical 159 Bay willow Salix pentandra Salicaceae Deciduous tree up to 15 m in height or shrub up to 2 m in height Grass, river banks, streams and lakes. Anthropogenic: wastelands. Among the coastal scrub. boggy meadow. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Cultivated Medicinal. Technical. Honey plant 160 Almond willow Salix triandra Salicaceae Deciduous tree or shrub to 6 m tall Anthropogenic: roadside wasteland. The waterfront. Coastal flood and bushland. Meadow damp and boggy. Steppe meadow. Quite often there is a basket with willow and other species of willows Mesophyte. Swamp reed Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Cultivated. Technical (branches make furniture) 161 Osier Salix viminalis Salicaceae Deciduous tree or shrub Coastal flood and bushland. Meadow damp and boggy. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Technical (branches make furniture) 162 Woodland sage or Balkan clary - Salvia nemorosa Lamiaceae Herbaceous perennial plant up to 60 cm in height In the steppe, steppe slopes, upland meadows; on dry grasslands and steppe formation; on the meadow steppes. Anthropogenic: along the roadside Xerophyte Mesotrophic, Eutrophic Decorative, Cultivated, Medicinal, Edible (flowers are an aromatic additive to tea)
163 Siberian sage - Salvia stepposa Lamiaceae Surface grass, perennial. Plant height and 50 cm In dry steppe formation and alkalis; on the meadow steppe Xerophyte Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative 164
Great burnet - Sanguisorba officinalis Rosaceae
Perennial Grass to 110 см tall On roadsides. On the banks of ponds, swamps. Among the coastal and riparian shrubs. On dry mountain meadows. In raw or marshy meadows. In the steppes of meadow Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Mesotrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal (rhizomes, roots, tannins). It is used in veterinary If the plant is dug in the fruiting phase, the on-site excavated rhizomes and roots into the hole poured the seeds for renewal and covered with earth
165 Scabiosa ochroleuca Dipsacaceae Perennial or biennial 30- 90 cm tall. Herbaceous plants It grows in the plains, sparse bushes. On the rocky slopes. On the mountain meadows and dry ostepnёnnyh. In the mountain meadow steppe XeroMesophyte Oligotrophic, Mesotrophic. Calcium Decorative 166 Scirpus radicans Cyperaceae Perennial Grass On the banks of ponds, wetlands Aquatic plant Mesotrophic Decorative 167
Scirpus tabernaemontani Cyperaceae Perennial Grass (to 150 cm in height). Creeping On the banks of lakes and rivers, swamps Aquatic plant Decorative
rhizomes. 168
Scutellaria sp. Lamiaceae Perennial Grass On the banks of reservoirs. Among the bushes. In wet meadows Mesophyte Mesotrophic 169
Sedum hybridum Crassulaceae Perennial Grass creeping succulent On the rocky slopes. In the mountain steppe
Xerophyte Oligotrophic Decorative, Cultivated 170
Field fleawort Tephroseris integrifolia Asteraceae Grass perennial rosette up to 75 cm. Rocky: scree or placer, rock or stone. Shrubs coastal or flood. Meadow dry or ostepnёnny. Steppe and steppe grasslands. The willowy Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative 171
Senecio jacobaea Asteraceae Herbaceous perennial or biennial plant up to 1 m in height In the steppes, scrublands, on pebbles, along roads Xerophyte Weed, Medicinal, Poisonous 172
Apiaceae
Herbaceous perennial plant
173 Setaria viridis Poaceae
Hardy annual grass up to 70 cm in height Weed: on roadsides and vacant lots. The waterfront. On stony ground Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic 174
Silene altaica Caryophyllaceae Perennial Grass Grass up to 50 cm tall Rocks, rocky, gravelly slopes, steppe meadows
Xerophyte 175
Sium latifolium Apiaceae
Amphibious grass is medium in size and take root, long-term, up to 120 cm tall
On the banks of reservoirs. Meadow damp or swampy. In lakes, oxbow lakes, slowly flowing rivers of fens Mesophyte, Aquatic plant, Hydrophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Poisonous 176
Solanaceae Perennial shrub It is found in wet habitats. On the banks of reservoirs. On roadsides, in vacant lots. Coastal flood and bushland. Swampy floodplain meadow Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Eutrophic Medicinal. Technical. Insecticide. Poisonous 177
Spiraea hypericifolia Rosaceae
deciduous shrub On the banks of reservoirs. On roadsides. Coastal flood plain or mountainous bushland. Stony ground. Mountain steppe or dry meadows. Steppe mountain meadows
XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative. Cultivated 178
Stachys palustris Lamiaceae High grass, perennial up to 110 cm tall In wet meadows and fens. On the banks of reservoirs. On roadsides, waste ground. Coastal flood or shrub habitat. Raw or boggy meadow Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Medicinal. Edible - tubers. Technical. Weed. Very polymorphic species
179 Stipa capillata Poaceae
Hardy Perennial Grass up to 70 cm tall In meadow and upland steppes Xerophyte Mesotrophic 180
Stipa orientalis Poaceae
Hardy Perennial Grass In the steppe uplands Xerophyte Mesotrophic 181
Asteraceae Perennial Grass rosette up to 60 cm in height On stony and debris slopes of hills. On dry meadows and ostepnёnnyh. In meadow steppe. On limestone outcrop Xerophyte Mesotrophic. Calcium Decorative 182 Thalictrum collinum Ranunculaceae Perennial Grass up to 120cm tall On the banks of reservoirs. On stony ground. Among the coastal and riparian shrubs. On dry and steppe meadows, wet or boggy Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative Cultivated Medicinal Poisonous
183 Thymus marschalliana Lamiaceae Half shrub or Perennial Grass
On the banks of reservoirs. In settlements. In stony gravelly slopes. The meadows dry or ostepnёnnym. In the steppe meadows Xerophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative Cultivated Medicinal Edible. The content of essential oils is very large, so the top of the escape enough for 1 - 2 cups of tea or coffee 184
C. Agardh ex Schult. & Schult Liliaceae Perennial bulbous herb. Steppe Plateau Xerophyte. Mesophyte Mesotrophic Listed in red book of Kazakhstan. Not yet assessed for the IUCN red list. Decorative 185 Typha angustifolia Typhaceae Hardy Grass Take root in water to 2 - 3 m in height The banks and shallow water reservoirs, ditches, marshes, water to a depth of 150 cm Swamp reed Hydrophyte Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Edible.
Technical. 186
Typha latifolia Typhaceae Hardy grass takes root in water to 3m high The banks and shallow water reservoirs, ditches, marshes, water to a depth of 150 cm. The meadows solonetzic, moist or swampy, flood Aquatic plant. Hydrophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal. Edible.
Technical. Weed 187
Common Nettle Urtica dioica Urticaсeae Perennial Grass up to 2m in height In the settlements, on roadsides, in vacant lots. On the banks of reservoirs. On stony ground. Among the coastal shrubs. In meadows
Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Eutrophic. Nitrogen . On soils rich with nitrogen
Fodder. Medicinal. Edible. Technical. Weed 188 Verbascum blattaria Scrophulariaceae Biennial, rarely annual weed rosette to 120 cm in height. In the hills, sandy places, on the banks of the river, the gardens, in solonetz steppes. Roadsides, wastelands. The meadows solonetzic dry or ostepnёnnym. In saliferous steppe. On the slopes of low mountains Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic. Halophyte Decorative. Weed 189
Scrophulariaceae Perennial Grass to 150 cm tall Roadsides, vacant lots. On the banks of reservoirs. Among the bushes or the coastal floodplain. On wet, boggy meadows. Less on the mountain, dry or ostepnёnnym meadows. In the mountain meadow steppe Mesophyte. Aquatic plant Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative. Cultivated. Medicinal 190
Veronica pinnata Scrophulariaceae Perennial Grass The banks of rivers and streams. The rocky lowlands. Mining, dry or ostepnёnny meadows. In the steppes and mountain meadow Mesophyte Mesotrophic Decorative 191
Scrophulariaceae Perennial Grass In mixed grass meadows, rocky slopes of XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic to 40 cm tall mixed grass on the steppe slopes of low mountains 192
Veronica spicata Scrophulariaceae Perennial Grass Roadsides, vacant lots. On stony and debris slopes of low mountains. On the mountain, dry or ostepnёnnym meadows. In the mountain meadow steppe XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Decorative Cultivated Medicinal 193
Veronica spuria Scrophulariaceae Perennial Grass up to 100 cm tall with creeping rhizomes In the steppe, steppe formation meadows. On the meadow steppes, meadow-steppe and meadow slopes, loamy, sometimes alkaline soils. XeroMesophyte Mesotrophic 194
Vicia cracca Fabaceae
Perennial Grass Anthropogenic: for deposits, roadsides, vacant lots. The waterfront, wetlands. Among the bushes. Dry or ostepnёnny, moist or swampy meadow Mesophyte Mesotrophic. Eutrophic Fodder. Poisonous 195
Xanthium strumarium Asteraceae Annual herb up to 120 cm in height It occurs in housing, roads, vacant lots, landfills, along rivers and ditches, in fields crops Weed
196 Ziziphora clinopodioides Lamiaceae Semi shrubs, Perennial Grass The banks of rivers, streams. Among the talus, alluvial deposits, rocks or stones. In the mountain meadow steppe Mesotrophic Petrofilic Medicinal. Edible
Table 2 - List of families (in Latin) 1. Aceraceae 2. Alismataceae 3. Alliaceae 4. Amaranthaceae 5. Apiaceae
6. Asparagaceae 7. Asteraceae 8. Boraginaceae 9. Brassicaceae 10. Butomaceae 11. Caprifoliaceae 12. Caryophyllaceae 13. Chenopodiaceae 14. Convolvulaceae 15. Crassulaceae 16. Cyperaceae 17. Dipsacaceae 18. Ephedraceae 19. Ericaceae 20. Euphorbiaceae 21. Fabaceae
22. Fumariaceae 23. Geraniaceae 24. Hypericaceae 25. Iridaceae 26. Juncaceae 27. Lamiaceae 28. Liliaceae 29. Limoniaceae 30. Malvaceae 31. Orobanchaceae 32. Paeoniaceae 33. Plantaginaceae 34. Plumbaginaceae 35. Poaceae
36. Polygonaceae 37. Ranunculaceae 38. Rhamnaceae 39. Rosaceae
40. Rubiaceae 41. Salicaceae 42. Scrophulariaceae 43. Solanaceae 44. Typhaceae 45. Urticaсeae 46. Valerianaceae Table 3 - The number of species in the family in decreasing order Family name (in Latin) Number of species % Poaceae 35 18 Asteraceae 28 14 Lamiaceae 16 8 Rosaceae 16 8 Fabaceae 9 5 Chenopodiaceae 7 4 Salicaceae 7 4 Scrophulariaceae 7 4 Apiaceae 6 3 Cyperaceae 5 3 Ranunculaceae 5 3 Brassicaceae 4 2 Rubiaceae 4 2 Caryophyllaceae 3 2 Polygonaceae 3 2 Alliaceae 2 1 Amaranthaceae 2 1 Boraginaceae 2 1 Crassulaceae 2 1 Dipsacaceae 2 1 Ephedraceae 2 1 Fumariaceae 2 1 Geraniaceae 2 1 Solanaceae 2 1 Typhaceae 2 1 Aceraceae 1 1 Alismataceae 1 1 Asparagaceae 1 1 Butomaceae 1 1 Caprifoliaceae 1 1 Convolvulaceae 1 1 Ericaceae 1 1 Euphorbiaceae 1 1
Hypericaceae 1 1 Iridaceae 1 1 Juncaceae 1 1 Liliaceae 1 1 Limoniaceae 1 1 Malvaceae 1 1 Orobanchaceae 1 1 Paeoniaceae 1 1 Plantaginaceae 1 1 Plumbaginaceae 1 1 Rhamnaceae 1 1 Urticaсeae 1 0.5 Valerianaceae 1 0.5 Total families- 46 Total species - 196 100 Table 4 - Number of plants to moisture regime The name of the group of hygrophilous plants and their characteristics Number of species % Mesophyte - moisture-loving, moist habitats, can tolerate short-lived drought 86 46 Xerophyte - Plants dry habitats, capable of withstanding prolonged drought. 52 28 Aquatic plant – water-demanding, unable to endure drought 31 17 XeroMesophyte– occupying an intermediate position between the moisture-loving and drought-resistant, closer to drought-tolerant 16 9 МеsоXerophyte - occupying an intermediate position between the moisture-loving and drought-resistant, close to moisture-loving (Bromopsis inermis) 1 1
196 100
Table 5 - Number of plants to soil fertility/nutrition Soil fertility and nutrition Number of species % Mesotrophic – Plants that live in soils with moderate content of mineral nutrients; occupy an intermediate position between Oligotrophic and Eutrophic. Tulipa patens, Spiraea hypericifolia, Sium latifolium, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 104
50 Eutrophic – demanding to soil fertility, good growing on soils rich in humus and mineral elements. Phleum retense, Dactylus glomerata, Stipa 66 32 Oligotrophic – living on the soil (or in reservoirs) is low in nutrients Calamagrostis epigeios, Scabiosa ochroleuca, Orostachys spinosa, Ledum palustre 8 4 Halophyte – on saline soils with high salt content Kochia prostrate, Juncus gerardii 12 4 Nitrogen – prefer nitrogen-rich soils, such as nettle Urtica dioica 7 3 Calcium – prefer a soil with a high content of calcium Erysimum canescens, Artemisia sieversiana и др. 5 2 Petrof – (from the Greek. Pétros - stone and phytón - plant), plants growing on rocky soils, stones and rocks
4 2 Psammophyte- (from the Greek. Psámmos - sand and phytón - plant), plants moving sands. Develop along the shores of lakes, on the sands along rivers, etc.
4 2 PseudoHalophyte This group consists of the plants, avoiding salinization due to deep root system. Their sucking roots are located in the deep, low saline horizons.
1 0 Total 100
Table 6 - Number of species by life forms, as well as the number of succulents and ephemeroids Species description Number of species Count
% Herbs perennial 178 76
16 7 semishrubs 12 5 shrubs 9 4 Trees or shrubs, deciduous 8 3 Aquatic (direct translation ‘grass water’) 5 2 succulents 3 1 ephemeroids 2 1 Total 100 Table 7 - Number of species of economic importance Features, economic value Number of species Number of times occurred
% of 196 Medicinal 80 40,8
Decorative 67 34,2 Cultured (horticultural spices) 52 26,5 Fodder 43 21,9 Food, edible 33 16,8 Technical (used as a non-food resource – e.g. leather tanning, furniture making etc.) 31 15,8
Weed 23 11,7 Toxic 16 8,2 Honey, polymorphic species Insecticide 11 5,6 Total Note: species may be included in more than one category |