в основе каждой части общения и делового общения в частности. Широко распространено мнение, что
глобализация подразумевает культурную гомогенизацию, и что западный бизнес становится всемирным
In our Intercultural research we put forward the notion that culture underlies every part of
communication and business communication in particular. It is widely believed that globalization implies cultural
homogenization, and that Western-style business is becoming the worldwide standard along with the English
In today's world the inevitability of coexistence of different cultures, societies with their own traditions is
becoming gradually recognized in the field of communication. The development of international relations in order
to implement the global corporation strategy has led to the need to address training professionals of any cross-
cultural communication outlines for business. The main motive of the business of professional communication is
the wish of each partner to carry out common goals to achieve specific business cooperation.
The modern business setting is characterized by increasing cultural variety of its participants. More and more
companies and organizations and foreign countries carry out their activities. Successful business communication
in a multicultural environment involves the use of knowledge specific to the regional business cultures and
business communications features of the major regions of the world. Multinational business communications are
becoming increasingly important area in the business environment. Increased attention to this area due to several
1. Globalization of business, which began in 1970 and enhanced sharply in 1990's.
2. Increased level of interaction of various regions in the world with each other in the uneven distribution of
3. Reduction in time and space-based communications technologies of instant electronic communication,
Technical and technological aspects of international business communication are often linked to cultural
financial and technological. Cultural differences in community groups, for example, the countries of East and
West, often block successful business communications. It seems that only the theoretical knowledge and
experience will help to overcome the barriers of misunderstanding. The theoretical knowledge required for
successful business communication, is primarily the basis of intercultural business communication and foreign
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At the present stage of development of our society a foreign language becomes a powerful factor of social
progress. The people formed a new way of thinking, they begin to realize all the people belonging to a single
human civilization, the achieved level of cultural development. The desire for social progress leads to an effective
exchange of meaningful cultural values in international affairs. Understanding the importance of foreign language
at the present stage involves solving a number of scientific problems, chief among which is the study of
intercultural communication.
Partaking in various forms of business communication - written and verbal, telephone and direct, employees
are forced to adapt to the norms. We are all aware that the memo or report, written guidance, differs significantly
on the ability to discuss the problem in a private conversation.
The application of socio-cultural factors of identity in the process of intercultural business communication
and business communication features in different countries leads us to the selection of national negotiating styles.
Negotiation is a process which involves the meeting of two parties with common or conflicting interests, who
try to reach agreement on matters of mutual interest. In this study, negotiation is defined as ‘a discourse-based and
situated activity ….. [which is] interactionally constructed in concrete social settings’ [3, p.3]. According to Guy
[4], the negotiation process is divided into three stages: pre-negotiation, negotiation and post-negotiation. The
content of these stages is informed by factors such as culture, strategy, background and context. Using these three
phases of negotiation, negotiation episodes can be identified and recognized.
A meeting becomes a cross-cultural encounter when the parties have different cultural backgrounds. In such
situations, both parties may have different ways of understanding the negotiation process as their norms, values
systems and attitudes may differ. When negotiating with someone from one’s own cultural background, making
reasonable assumptions about the other party based on one’s own experience generally makes successful
communication possible [3] However, this situation is likely to be more complex when two cultures are involved.
Often misunderstanding and miscommunication occurs in a cross-cultural negotiation, even though the language
of communication is a lingua franca, such as English. Research focussing on spoken discourse and, in particular,
business language, has become increasingly important. Furthermore, many researchers have become interested in
business language in the international context.
Negotiations are a form of interaction between different cultures and, consequently, they are a kind of test of
ethics and traditions of each party in the negotiations. Here there are two main points of view and they both
recognize the existence of national characteristics. However, according to the first of them, reflect the national
characteristics rather irrelevant characteristics of the negotiation process. The opposite view is also that of national
or cultural (in the broadest sense) should be given as one of the key values in the negotiation process.
The first line of research is presented, in particular, W.Zartman and M.Berman, who recognize that many
studies show differences in national characteristics of the negotiation [6]. They refer to the fact that, in connection
with the development of international negotiations the world increasingly forming a single subculture for
negotiators with its own rules of behavior, language, symbols, etc. Although this subculture may differ
significantly from those of national norms and rules of conduct, however, it has been adopted by all members of
the international community.
Thus, according to the first line of research, the intensification of the negotiations leads to braking national
boundaries. With the development of integration processes in the world and its globalization, the interpenetration
of national styles, the formation of single parameter negotiation will play a major role in the negotiation process.
Representatives from the second direction, in contrast, tend to take national circumstances a central place in the
negotiation process. Thus, American authors R.Cohen and G.Fisher, based on the fact that differences in the
cultures are too high and the difficulties that arise in the course of negotiations between representatives of
different cultures, largely due to these differences.
In recent decades, in the process of globalization of world economics and politics and the associated
intensification of the negotiating process, there is a mutual penetration of different national styles in the practice of
negotiation. Nowadays due to the development of international business partnership English is considered to be
the language of world business relationships. In comparison with literary texts the texts of official documents are
highly standardized: it concerns both the structure of the whole text and the arrangement of special paragraphs.
The language of documents is characterized by specific terms and expressions and also by those grammatical and
syntactical patterns which can cause some difficulties. That is why we should know sufficient knowledge of
grammatical, stylistic and lexical peculiarities of business papers to use them correctly.
Business English has become an object of profound and sustained study just recently. Moreover, only several
works put a comparatively solid emphasis on practical applications of the above mentioned studies. However, the
reality, the rapid growth of market economy and its influences on our lives provides for the great interest in
business-related topics. Frequently people from various walks of life require some valid source of information to
get a better idea of the English used for business purposes. The ability to use English both in everyday life and in
job-related contexts has become an absolute must for contemporary specialists aiming at an adequate level of
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proficiency and thus becoming successful. Moreover, the contemporary economy development makes it possible
to estimate the need for qualified specialists able to work anywhere in the world.
People from different cultures encode and decode messages differently, increasing the chances of
misunderstanding, so the safety-first consequence of recognizing cultural differences should be to assume that
everyone's thoughts and actions are not just like ours. Such assumptions stem from potentially devastating
ignorance and can lead to much frustration for members of both cultures. Entering a culture with this type of
ethnocentrism, the assumption one’s culture is correct, is another byproduct of ignorance and cultural
misunderstanding.
Business English is highly recognized as one of the most popular disciplines. It has become a common
concern in Business English teaching to raise students’ awareness of the importance of the cultural dimension in
international business [1, p. 219]. It has been stated by Taylor that the learning objectives for students of Business
English include “linguistic knowledge and skills, business knowledge, intercultural communication competence,
and comprehensive humanistic qualities.” [5]
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