Thallus Plants, are the lowest and simplest of all plants. This group includes one-celled bacteria, the algae (алджи) and the fungi (фанги) similar to mold. They are often found on bread and cheese
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- 13. Herbs 14. Medicinal herbs 15. Different herbs
- Roots and rhizomes
| 11. Parts of the flower
12. Flower is a part of the plant An inflorescence (инфлоресенз) has several parts. The pistil is the female (фИмейл) part of the flower. It has a small stem called a style. The stigma is at the top of the style. It collects pollen for fertilization (фөртилизейшн). The ovary is at the bottom of the style. After fertilization, it will become a fruit with seeds. The stamen is the male part of the flower. It has a very thin stem called the filament. The anther is on top of the filament. This is where pollen is stored. The sepals are below the flower. They cover the flower bud before it opens. 13. Herbs 14. Medicinal herbs 15. Different herbs Since time immemorial, people have known about the medicinal properties of plants and used them for all practical purposes. Currently, various parts of the plant can be used for medicinal purposes: roots and rhizomes, fruits and seeds, flowers and inflorescences, leaves. The right time to harvest plants and herbs is the period when the active ingredients are the highest. Roots and rhizomes are harvested in autumn, after the completion of vegetative processes. The bark is harvested in the spring, before these processes begin. Leaves and flowering tops are harvested when photosynthesis is most active. The flowers are harvested at the time of pollination. Fruits can be harvested both before and after the ripening period. The seeds are harvested when they are fully ripe. (райп) Proper storage and preservation is important. Too much moisture increases the weight of the drug and reduces the amount of active ingredients. Air and light affect medications that are strongly colored. All parts of the plant differ in shape, taste, color, smell, and so on. The usual shapes of fruits and seeds are spherical, elliptical, ovoid, etc. The smell of the drug is aromatic, balsamic, spicy, camphor. According to taste, the substances can be divided into four groups: 1) substances that have true taste, such as sour, sweet, alkaline, bitter; 2) substances that do not have taste; 3) those that have a characteristic smell. 4) those that give the language a certain feeling. Such substances can be classified as slimy, oily, sharp, caustic and nauseating (ноусейтинг). Reserpine is described as “a white or pale to slightly yellowish crystalline powder with no odor.” Olive oil is described as a “pale yellow liquid that sometimes has a greenish tinge”; the rhizome and roots of valerian are “light brown or yellow-brown, the smell is strong and peculiar, the taste is spicy, sweet-bitter.” The pharmacological activity of certain drugs is established using various tests and methods, such as chemical tests, chemical analysis, chromatographic examination, etc. жүктеу/скачать 32,36 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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