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phonetics . The study of phonetics is closely interrelated with phonology. Phonology

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phonetics
. The study of phonetics is closely interrelated
with phonology.
Phonology
is the study of the sound patterns of human language; it is also the
kind of knowledge that speakers have about the sound patterns of their particular
language.
Phonetics attempts to describe all the sounds used in the human language –
sounds that make up an important subset of the totality of sounds produced by
humans.
Phonetics and phonology cannot exist without each other. Though it is of vital
importance to know the speech sounds of a language, isolated individual sounds are
meaningless in communication until they are joined to form morphemes, words,
utterances. Phonetics provides the means for describing speech sounds; phonology
permits a speaker to produce sounds that form meaningful utterances, to recognize a
foreign accent, to make up new words, to add the appropriate phonetic segments to
form plurals and past tenses, to produce aspirated and unaspirated voiceless stops in
the appropriate context, to recognize what is and what is not a sound in the language,
and to know that different phonetic strings may represent the same „meaningful unit‟.
The production of meaningful utterances may seem an ordinary and
commonplace process, yet it is not as simple as it seems. This process brings about
psychological, physiological and even physical activities. First of all, an utterance is
formulated in our brain. Then the brain gives signals to our organs of speech. The
formulated utterance is transmitted by nerve signals to the speech apparatus. The
movements of the speech apparatus disturb the air stream and produce sound waves.
The sound waves travel to the hearer‟s auditory organs, are perceived by them and
then processed in the brain. So we see that utterance production is a chain of events
starting with an idea in the brain of the speaker and ending with a similar message in
the brain of the hearer. Taking into consideration this complicated process linguists
can describe speech sounds at any stage in this chain of events.

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The branch of phonetics that studies the movements of the speech organs and
the coordination of these movements in the production of various sounds is called

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