Устойчивое развитие: язык, межкультурная коммуникация
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| Figure 1. Distance education statistics in Russia.
The graph shows that in 2021, 55% of universities have switched to online education in Russia during the pandemic period, about 40% more than last year [2], [3]. For schools, it is more complicated because of the young age of the schoolchildren. The ability to adapt between pupils and students is the main problem in moving to distance education. Educational approaches for foreign language teaching (FLT) have also changed. Pedagogues talk about virtual communication skills to learn a new language through communication platforms (Figure 2) and other applications (Figure 3). Figure 2. MS Teams main page. Figure 3. Moodle main page. FLT is the same as playing a sport. If someone wants to be competent and receive skills for a game or a match, he must train for this game. So, persevering in training increases the athletic competence of the person. It means, persevering in practicing a language increases communication skills. 5 22 15 55 0 20 40 60 2019-2020 2020-2021 The evolution percentage of distance education students in Russia (Ministry of Education and Science) School University Methods. Today's technologies allow humans to be present anywhere without actually being there. The development of the Internet and artificial intelligence use everywhere in many devices keep the world open without borders. Virtual technology is updated day by day with new possibilities for modern approaches. Blur a webcam in a conference is easy today with the help of the Augmented Reality (AR). Communication platforms are adapted, and, in their options, users can virtually raise their hands to speak and applaud to congratulate. They can also record the conference or lecture for review if they forget something or have not noticed it. It is a practical digital method to always keep knowledge like the content on the Internet [4]. The AR technology can create a virtual classroom in the background to simulate a traditional room. The Moodle platform offers the possibility of creating different test forms (Figure 4) to evaluate students' skills [5]: Multiple choice; True/False; Matching; Short answer; Numerical; Essay; Calculated; Calculated multichoice; Drag and drop into text; Drag and drop markers; Drag and drop onto image; Embedded answers (Cloze); Random short-answer matching; Select missing words; Figure 4. Menu in Moodle platform for the creation of a test. In this platform, educators can post an audio recording to assess students' listening skills. They also can post texts and questions to evaluate comprehension and grammar skills. Managing all of this work depends on the relationship between teachers and how they organize themselves to determine the essential tasks for training students for the tests. The teams are divided according to the language studied. For a given language (French, Espagnole, English, and others), the administration chooses a person in charge who will then have the possibility of creating a team of educators (Figure 5). Figure 5. A structure for management arrangement in a group. The leader/manager retrieves all the vital information about the students, their level, their skills, their mistakes and creates subgroups by student level (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1). His assistant continues this job with pedagogues, Methodists, and teachers. To give a good approach to this group and an effective learning, it is better for a teacher to be a native speaker. The pedagogue gives students the possibility to acquire extensive knowledge (grammar and tips to speak without mistakes). Grammar, conjugation, spelling (orthography), and tips for communicating correctly are practical by a teacher (native speaker). Methodists assist the pedagogue and the teacher in changing the method of education to modern and contemporary approaches. Results. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was challenging to teach and study due to the change of learning method. Learners and teachers have to know how to use platforms and applications. After about six months of using new technologies, teachers and learners have adapted to this education method. It is not necessary to be present in classrooms to learn a foreign language. Russian students who do not have time to study or find it difficult to find a location near the university can now earn a degree. Distance education provides an excellent opportunity to save time and review videoconferences when the student has missed a class because of work or for some other reason. During the tests, the students became more comfortable answering the communication questions. Therefore, the pandemic is becoming more and more controllable, which may be a solution for any student who falls ill, so he can stay at home while continuing his academic year. At school, the situation is more complex due to the small classes and the excessive number of participants. If the school uses a single platform adding all the schoolchildren, it risks having many bugs. In the university dormitory, the students have access to the Internet, but it is the same problem as the school; bugs still exist. During the tests, the students must activate their cameras so the teacher can check and control that no one is cheating. Content must be digitalized for publishing on the Moodle platform. Creating and manipulating such visual representations can be thought of as a form of self-explanation, which can be a learning activity [6]. Discussion. Psychologically it is not easy to be present in one room all day without physical activities because, like Tatiana Walther, wrote in her Thesis: “Intrinsic motivations appear strongly, positively and significantly associated with sport activity volume. Extrinsic motivation for the search of social contact also appears to be a positive and significant correlate”. In her Thesis, she explains that physical activities influence motivation, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the quality of life. Without physical activities, many things are violated in the human body system. Everything has a price, so distance education saves time and gives knowledge with one click. Illness is no longer a barrier, but other problems show themselves as bugs (low connection of internet). Students have to use mobile internet and use a service with more megabytes in smartphones, and even worse, Leader/Manager Pedagogue Methodist Teacher Assistant they have to get a computer for personal use and better study experience. Sometimes Moodle platform can have a bug and can be blocked for 2 and 3 days for debugging it. Students always find a way to cheat, so pedagogical control cannot be very effective. The camera does not show what is in the room and what the student is looking in his/her computer desktop. It is also insane to ask all students to share their screen on the communication platform. The principles of evolutionary educational psychology will provide a much-needed anchor for guiding instructional research and practice. An evolutionarily informed science of academic development is, in fact, the only perspective that readily accommodates basic observations that elude explanation by other theoretical perspectives, such as constructivism [7]. Something is still missing in the distance education process. Acknowledge. This paper has been supported by the RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program. References: 1 https://www.vesti.ru/article/1661959 2 https://iz.ru/1098211/2020-12-10/v-minobrnauki-nazvali-protcent-obuchaiushchikhsia- distantcionno-studentov-v-rossii 3 https://lenta.ru/news/2020/12/04/distant_procent/ 4 https://www.pearson.com/efficacy-and-research.html 5 https://docs.moodle.org/310/en/Question_types 6 Chi, M.T., De Leeuw, N., Chiu, M.H., LaVancher, C.: Eliciting self-explanations improves understanding. Cognit. Sci. 18(3), 439–477 (1994). 7 D.C Geary, Evolution of human cognition: potential relationship to the ontogenetic development of behavior and cognition. Evolution and Cognition (1992). МРНТИ 16.21.29: 16.21.25 жүктеу/скачать 5,1 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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