The weather
There was Small Cloud’s mother, singing River and her father, Big Sun. One
day Singing River called Big Sun. Big Sun smiled and warmed the heart of Singing
River. Singing River danced in the warmth. At that time Small Cloud was born. One
day she said mother “I want to go over the mountain.” “Yes,” Singing River sighed.
Your father, Big Sun, will watch over you.” Whistling Wind blew her across the hot
earth. Small Cloud and her friends moved across the sky. Together, they became one
great cloud and rain began to fall.
The weather
The weather changes during the year. These changes are called seasons. There
are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In spring lots of animals have
babies. Summer begins in June in the north. Leaves fall from the trees in autumn. In
some places there is snow in winter. Bears usually sleep in winter. When it is summer
in the north, it is winter in the south.
Sea adventures
This is a shark. It is in the sea. It can swim and swim. It is smart. I think it is
neat that this shark can swim and is smart. It wants to eat. I think it is neat that it
wants to eat.
Helicopter
It is a helicopter. I like helicopters very much. I want to fly a helicopter and
travel. I like to fly in the sky. I want to be a pilot.
Types of vehicle
Jake is going on a trip. He and Mom take a taxi to the airport.
“It’s my first plane trip,” he tells the taxi driver.
“That’s great!” the taxi driver says. Jake rolls his suitcase onto the plane. The
plane moves faster and faster. Then – Whoosh! In the sky! Cars and houses look like
toys.
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Numbers and shapes
Shapes are everywhere you look. Everywhere you look there are shapes.
Shapes are found in everything. Everything is made up of shapes.
Come on! Let's find shapes!
I see a circle, I see a square
I see a triangle over there
Come on kids; let's draw shapes in the air
SQUARE, TRIANGLE, CIRCLE!
FASTER!
YEAH!
Marco Polo
Marco Polo made his first voyage when he was 17. He went with his father
and uncle. He travelled through many places. The journey was long and tough but he
did not give up. Marco Polo learned a lot about traveling in unknown lands. He
wanted to reach new lands and meet new people.
Rain
Kayla watched as the children ran around in the park. Kayla loved the rain. She
smiled happily. More raindrops fell. The children screamed with pleasure. They
loved the rain too. Kayla stood up from the bench and danced in the rain. In just a
few minutes Kayla was wet, her arms spread out like a newborn butterfly. Parents
called for their children to come to them. Kayla stayed in the rain, enjoying her life
alone. "Enjoying the rain" Kayla whispered back, knowing the woman couldn't hear
her.
At the beach
In summer schoolchildren do not go to school. They have summer holidays
which are three months long. Children don't have to get up early. There is no
homework to do or lessons to learn. I never stay in bed long in a bright summer
morning. Every summer I go to the country to stay with my grandmother for a week
or two. I help Granny to work in the kitchen garden or to look after chickens and
ducks. In the village I often go for long bike rides with my cousins. Sometimes we go
fishing.
I like to go to the beach in the morning when it is not too hot. I swim, sunbathe
and play with my friends on the bank of the river. If my uncle is not very busy he
takes my cousins and me on a hike in the forest. I like sleeping in a tent, sitting by the
fire and singing songs. Summer holidays are never too long for me.
Number games
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Choose a friend and send him/her a number and he will reply with something
about you in front of that number. Funny right ? It could be a funny thing as well as a
game like truth and dare. Only you and the other person to whom you have sent a
number knows about it. For example: You sent: #2 Status message of your friend: #2
Like to have you as a friend. Lets meet this Christmas!
This game is not yet known. I will keep you updated with it as and when I get
to know it. Till then I am going to send some numbers to my friends and see what
they have to say about or for me.
Flying kites
Kite flying day is my favorite festival. It is also known as Makar Sankranti or
Uttarayan. It is on 14th January every year.
We buy colorful kites. Kite is made of light bamboo sticks and thin papers. On
the day of Uttarayan people fly kites. It looks very nice and pleasant when kites of
various colors fly in the sky.
There is a competition between kite fliers. They try to cut one another kites.
Chikki is special sweet for Uttarayan. It is made of Sesame seeds and pea nuts.
People greet each other “Happy Sankranti” on this day.
Makar Sankranti is a harvest festival. It is celebrated the arrival of spring
season. It is a day of joy for everyone. I like Uttarayan very much.
Day and Night
Part I
There are 24 hours in a day. The day is divided into day (time) and night (-
time). Daytime is from sunrise (but we can say 6am) to sunset (we can say 6pm).
Night-time is from sunset to sunrise.
Every day starts precisely at midnight. AM (ante-meridiem = before noon)
starts just after midnight. PM (post-meridiem=after noon) starts just after midday.
This means that 12am and 12pm have no meaning.
The day starts at midnight. The word day can have two meanings:
1. The 24 hours between one midnight and the next.
2. The time between sunrise and sunset (as distinct from night).
Part II
You probably don’t think much about light and dark. After all, you can turn on
a switch and the lights go on. Even in the middle of the night, you can have light.
Two hundred years ago, though, people were very aware of light and dark.
They worked during the day when the Sun was shining.As the sun went down, they
used candles or oil lamps to see. However, these lights were dim. Outside, there were
no street lights. The only light available came from the moon and stars. Night was
very, very dark.
People usually went to bed when the sun went down and woke up early.
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Times of my day
I am a schoolboy. My lessons start at 8 o'clock, so I get up at 7.
Sometimes I do my morning exercises. I clean my teeth, wash my face. Then I
go back to my room, make the bed. I put on my clothes and comb my hair. At a
quarter to eight I take my bag and go to school. My school starts at 8 o'clock and I
don't like to be late. After each lesson there is a break. When lessons are over I go
home.
The teachers give us a lot of homework, so I start doing it about 16.30 or
17.00.
My parents get home about six o'clock. We watch TV, have supper together.
After it I help my mother to do some work about the house. At eleven o'clock I go to
bed and fall asleep.
Times of my day
I usually have no free time on weekdays that’s why I look forward to my days
off. On a day off I don’t have to hurry any-where. I can do whatever I like. On a day
off I wake up later than usual, at about 10 o’clock. I don’t get up at once. I like to stay
in bed for a while and think about something nice. Then I get up and have breakfast.
I like to have something special for breakfast on such days. In the afternoon I
usually play football or basketball with my friends. In fine weather we often go to the
country. We find a nice place and sunbathe and play different games in summer or go
skiing in winter. In the evening I like to read, listen to the music or play chess with
my father.
Our town
Our town is Shakhty. It is beautiful and big. Tourists can visit Lenin Square,
the Pushkin Library and the Museum in Shakhty. Children and their parents can
spend their spare time in the City Park. There are many cafes in it. They can take
various rides in the park. They can walk and play there.
There are many shops in Sovetskaya Street. People can do shopping there.
There is a theatre in Shevchenko Street.
I love our town!
Around the house
I'd like to tell you about my house of my dream. Near the front side it has a
facade with columns and steps up to the front door. There are also two balconies and
a terrace in my house. The windows are in the shape of arches. Through them you
can see a wonderful landscape.
There are lots of trees and flowers around the house. And you can walk in the
shade of these trees listening to the birds singing. Behind the house there is a
swimming bath, covered with glass. There are some plastic armchairs around the
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swimming bath. Our house looks peaceful and calm and the calmest room is my
study. After the house, grow vegetables in our garden and involved in cooking.
Our house is a beautiful place at any time of the year. In winter it's warm and
cozy, in summer there is so much to do outside.
Our town
Part I
We live in a very large country. Its regions differ very much. Our Rostov
region is in the very South of Russia. It is rather big. It’s bigger than France. There
are many cities and towns in Rostov region. But the biggest city is Rostov-on-Don ,
It’s the centre of Rostov region. Its population is more than a million of People of
different nationalities live in Rostov-on-Don. And as a rule different nations live in
piece. Now Rostov-on-Don is a big industrial town. There are many plants and
factories in it. There are many schools and universities. Rostov is an educational
centre in the South of Russia.
My native town Bataysk is not far from Rostov. We may say that it is a part of
Rostov.
Part II
I live in a small town. There is a big airport near my town.
There is a huge zoo in my city, children like to go there. I like to go to a park
and feed squirrels there.
My town is not very big, there are only two cinemas in my town. There are a
few famous buildings in my town. There is a big bridge in my town, we call it Main
bridge.
Part III
I live in a small town. It is not modern, there are many old buildings. There is
no airport in our town. It is surrounded by many villages. There are a lot of parks and
gardens. Citizens go there to take a walk and feed squirrels. There is a big stadium,
one theatre and one cinema in my area. I like to take part in some competitions which
are held almost every month.
Animal types
A lot of people keep animals at home for pleasure. They are called pets.
The most popular pets are dogs and cats. Some dogs protect their owner’s
houses. Cats are not so loyal as dogs, but they can help people, too. They catch mice
and rats.
Sometimes people keep exotic animals: snakes, frogs, small crocodiles and
even tigers. But it’s not a good idea to keep a snake or a tiger at home because it can
be really dangerous.
Every child wants a pet to play with, but animals are not toys. They need
everyday care. You must keep their baskets and cages clean, remember to feed them
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regularly.
Animal types
Ukraine has trees, such as pine, oak, fir, beech and birch. The wealth of the
forest includes not only timber, but also berries, mushrooms and medical herbs. The
animal world of Ukraine is different. It has hundreds of species of animals and birds.
They are: wolf, fox, badger, deer, hamster, field mouse and so on. The birds are: the
sparrow, titmouse, grouse, owl. Some fur animals, such as mink, silver-black fox,
musk -rat, brought into Ukraine have well.
The animals include squirrels, foxes, hares and roes. The rivers and lakes are
home to ducks, geese, storks and cranes. It should also be said that the animal life of
the Carpathians is wonderful. Here you can find deer brown bears, wild cats and pigs,
black squirrels. Bird life includes golden eagles and black wood peckers. The plants
of this region are also different and beautiful. It is well worth visiting, especially in
spring.
Inventions in KZ
New inventions appear every day to make our lives easier, longer, warmer,
faster, and so on.
“Inventions associated with ways of cooking of different national food
products include kurt, kymiz, shubat , tary , zhent and so on are being actively
patented now. Earlier Kazakhs prepared kymiz by hand. At present inventors suggest
power-operated devices to mix kymiz. These devices make the process easier and cut
production time. The way of cooking of a dry shubat has also been patented.
Music
I love music, I think people cannot live without it. We can hear music
everywhere: in the streets, in the shops, on TV, over the radio, in the cars, in the
parks, everywhere. A lot of people are fond of music. They buy tapes, go to the
concerts and visit Concert Halls, Opera Theatres.
I want to know more and more about popular talented groups and singers I like.
Some people go to music schools, they play different musical instruments, sing in the
chorus.
Musical instruments
I really wish I could play a musical instrument. I can’t. I had a few music
lessons when I was a kid, but I didn’t keep them up. I really regret that now.
Of all the musical instruments, I’d like to play the piano. I think this is the king
of musical instruments. It sounds so beautiful. Pianos also look beautiful. I imagine
it’s very relaxing playing it.
Another instrument I’d like to play is the guitar. I want to be a rock star,
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although I’m a bit old now. I suppose it’s never too old though to learn to play
something. I haven’t given up hope.
My music
It is difficult to live without music. We hear music everywhere: in the streets,
at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops, in the parks and in the concert halls,
at the seaside, sometimes in the forest. We can't live without music. We like to listen
to music, we enjoy dancing to music, we can play musical instruments.
Music is a combination of many sounds. They are short and long, weak and
strong. Music reflects people’s mood and emotions.
I like to listen to the songs by our Russian popular singers. They are talented
singers and composers, and I like to attend their concerts. My friend Mike is fond of
classical music. Sometimes he spends his free time, listening to music by Wolfgang
Mozart and other composers.
The Changing World of Communication
Long time ago people used stone tablet to write. The problem was that it was
too
heavy
and
couldn't
store
lots
of
information.
It was hard to transport the information. The messengers run for 10-18 days to send it
to the recipient.
Thousand years after that era, a man invented paper and printing machine.
Since then, it's easier to communicate.
Not so long time ago, a genius invented a machine that can produce lots of
information
instantly
in
a
very
short
time.
This
machine
is so revolutionary. Soon after that, lots of new technologies were invented. Now,
millions of information can be stored in a very small chip.
With the help of the Internet, people can share and get the information in a very
short time. Millions of texts, videos, music, images and many other modes of
communication are produced and accessed every day.
Digital Communication
Samuel Morse sent the first telegraph on May 24, 1844. This revolutionized
long distance communication.
Alexander Graham Bell made the first phone call on March 10, 1876.
John Logie Baird transmitted the first television signal October 2, 1995.
My space was created by Chris De Wolfe and Tom Anderson in July 2003.
Facebook was launched in February 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg. This replaced
Myspace.
Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Evan Williams, Biz Stone
and Noah Glass and launched by July 2006.
The first generation iPhone (iPhone 1) was announced January 9, 2007 by
Apple Inc.
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The iPad was announced by Steve Jobs on January 27, 2010. It was marketed
by Apple Inc.
The Olympic Games
The first recorded Olympic competition took place in 776 B.C. The only event
was a race the length. Other events were added slowly. The competition was every
four years.
Only Greek men could enter. It was a high honor. The winners received crowns
of leaves.
The first modern Olympic Games were in Athens, Greece in 1896. Nine
countries sent athletes to the Olympic.
There were a few events for women in 1900, but many women didn’t take part
till 1960.
There are many traditional and new events in the Olympic Games. The biggest
change was the addition of winter sports in 1924.
Sports around the World
An ABC Adventure
Aa
American Football is the most popular played sport in the United States. It was
first played on November 6
th
, 1869 by Princeton and Rutger. It originated from rugby
and soccer.
Bb
Bobsleigh is a winter sport that originated in St. Moritz, Switzerland. This
sport was first practiced in the 1870’s with teams of two or four trying to make it
down a slope in the least possible time.
Cc
Cricket was first played in southern England and became England’s national
sport in the 18
th
century. Cricket is one of the sports with the longest playing time
because it can take several days for a team to win the match.
Dd
This first time anyone was seen playing gold with a flying disk was in 926 in
Bladworth, Saskatchewan, Canada. It started with Roland Gibson and his friends
throwing tin plates at targets such as tree and poles.
Ee
Endurance Riding is an equestrian sport most popular in the UK and USA, but it
is an international sport practiced word-wide. The average race is 50 to 100 miles and
horses are required to have veterinary stops at every check point.
Ff
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Football is the world's most popular sport. As of January 2013, there are 207
international teams! The largest soccer tournament is called the World Cup and it is
held every four years.
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Gg
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Gymnastics was originally created as a form of exercise for boys and young men
in the late 18th century in Liege, Belgium. Gymnastics was created by three physical
education pioneers from Germany.
Hh
Century old carvings on Egyptian walls show that Hockey has been around for a
long time. There are several types of hockey, including: Ice Hockey and Field Hockey
that are mostly played in Canada and the US.
Ii
Ice Climbing began in Italy, England, and Germany. It is considered an Alpine
sport since it is a form of regular rock climbing. Ice Climbing is very technical and
requires extensive training and safety equipment.
Jj
Jujutsu or Jujitsu is a form of Japanese martial arts. This requires precise
movements and no weapons. It was originally created among the samurai of feudal
Japan to defeat armed enemies.
Kk
Kayaking originated in Alaska when explorers from around the world discovered
North America. The word "kayak" comes from the Alaskan Eskimo. The most common
modern competitive kayaking race is called Slalom Kayaking where competitors race
downstream at high speeds passing through pole gates.
Ll
Longboarding, also known as "sidewalk surfing", originated in Hawaii and it has
become very popular in the islands. The idea of long-boarding was actually a result of
surfers needing to train even when the tide was too low or too rough. The sidewalks and
roads mimic some of the movements of the waves.
Mm
Mountaineering originated in France when for the first time, a person successfully
descended from Mont Blanc in 1786. Since then, mountaineering has spread rapidly
around European and African countries. The largest mountain range is conquered where
the Himalayas in Central Asia.
Nn
Knee-boarding originated off the pure creativity of south Californian surfers. In
1965, they used homemade knee boards to tie them to boats and take joy rides.
Oo
Orienteering is a sport that originated in Sweden as a way of training the military
in land navigation. In Swedish, the word for orienteering means "the crossing of
unknown land with the aid of a map and a compass."
Pp
Polo was first played in Iran but has then spread to other parts of the world such as
South Asia and Britain. The horses used in polo are chosen based on quick bursts of
speed, stamina, agility and maneuverability
Qq
Quidditch was first seen in a book series, later turned movie, called Harry Potter.
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The sport consists of two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four
balls called the Quaffle, two Bludgers, and the Golden Snitch. There are six elevated
ring-shaped goals, three on each side of the Quidditch pitch.
Rr
Rugby was an English sport played long before American football. It was first
played in public schools. There are two types of rugby: rugby league and rugby union.
Although they are both similar, they each are played differently.
Ss
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Surfing is a popular sport that can be seen almost anywhere where you can find a
beach. Although surfing developed in several places at the same time, it is most
accredited to Peru. Inhabitants of Trujillo, Peru rode boats called "caballitos de totora."
Tt
Team Penning is an equestrian sport that developed in Ventura County, California.
It started as common ranch work of separating cattle into pens for doctoring while riding
a horse.
Uu
Uni-cycling is practiced competitively in the mountain ranges of the United States.
Unicycles where first made in the 19th century. Since then, there have been over 30
different types of uni-cycling races.
Vv
Volleyball is a very common and popular sport worldwide that was first played is
Massachusetts, USA. It began as a mix of tennis and handball, and it was called
"Mintonette."
Ww
Water-polo was among the first team sports introduced at the Olympic games in
1900. The first ever recorded game was in Bournemouth, England and it consisted of a
mix of football and soccer.
Xx
Xare is a racket sport that originated with the ancient Greeks. Xare is a form of
"Basque ball." It can be played in teams, in doubles, or individually.
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Yy
Yagli Gures, also known as oil or grease wrestling, is the Turkish national sport.
Here, wrestle while covered in olive oil. Every year since 1365, Turkey has held their
annual matches during the summer.
Zz
Zip-lining is very popular in areas such as Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Florida. The
first time anyone attempted to use zip lines was in a remote place in China to cross
bridges.
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