Teachers’
age/gender
Number of teachers (in %) who described their psychological state as:
Aggr
essio
n
Joy
Isolat
ion
Depr
essio
n
Excite
ment
Disor
der
Agita
tion
Indiff
erenc
e
Dese
nsitiz
ation
Psychologi
cal state
doesn’t
change
21-30 /total
10,00
0,00
10,00
10,00
10,00
20,00
10,00
20,00
0,00
20,00
21-30/male
0,00
0,00
33,33
0,00
0,00
0,00
33,33
33,33
0,00
33,33
21-
30/female
14,28
0,00
0,00
14,28
14,28
28,57
0,00
14,28
0,00
14,28
31-40/total
8,33
0,00
8,33
25,00
8,33
25,00
0,00
0,00
8,33
25,00
21-30/male
0,00
0,00
25,00
25,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
50,00
21-
30/female
0,00
0,00
12,50
25,00
12,50
25,00
0,00
0,00
12,50
12,50
41-50/total
0,00
0,00
18,18
18,18
18,18
18,18
0,00
0,00
0,00
27,27
41-50/male
0,00
0,00
25,00
25,00
25,00
25,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
41-
50/female
0,00
0,00
14,28
14,28
14,28
14,28
0,00
0,00
0,00
42,86
51-60/total
8,33
0,00
33,33
25,00
25,00
8,33
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
51-60/male
20,00
0,00
40,00
20,00
20,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
51-
60/female
0,00
0,00
28,57
28,57
28,57
14,28
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
61-70/total
0,00
0,00
16,67
8,33
16,67
33,33
0,00
0,00
0,00
25,00
61-70/male
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
50,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
50,00
61-
70/female
0,00
0,00
20,00
10,00
20,00
30,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
20,00
All age
groups/
Total
3,51
0,00
19,30
17,54
15,79
19,30
1,75
3,51
1,75
19,30
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22
All age
groups/male
5,55
0,00
27,78
16,67
11,11
11,11
5,55
5,55
0,00
22,22
All age
groups/
female
2,56
0,00
15,38
17,95
17,95
23,08
0,00
2,56
2,56
17,95
Watching violence on the screen does not evoke joyful feelings in anyone (compared
to 4% of students). Most frequent answers were “isolation” (19% of teachers and 9% of
students), Then follow “depression” (17% of teachers and 13% of pupils), “excitement”
(15% of teachers and 13% of students), “aggression” (3% of teachers and 8% of students),
“desensitization” (about 2% of teachers and 8% of students). 19% of teachers reported that
their psychological state was not affected.
In other words, almost three times more of the questioned students than the teachers
confessed the rise of aggressiveness, and four times more - the desensitization reaction.
Although the reaction of isolation and unaffected psychological state is twice less frequent
among the students. Thus, the students are more apt to changes in emotional state in
response to screen violence.
It is worth noticing that men teachers admitted that they were likely to feel
aggressive or indifferent more often that women, while women teachers were most
inclined to feel sad or agitated.
Table 8. The teachers’ reflection on screen violence
Teachers’
age/gender
On-screen
violence is
forgotten
immediately
Violent images seen
are remembered for
a short time period
only
On-screen violence
lingers in memory for
a long time
Number of teachers (in %) for whom this tendency is
true
21-30 /total
20,00
40,00
40,00
21-30/male
33,33
66,67
0,00
21-30/female
14,28
28,57
57,14
31-40/total
16,67
41,67
41,67
21-30/male
25,00
50,00
25,00
21-30/female
12,50
37,50
50,00
41-50/total
27,27
36,36
36,36
41-50/male
25,00
25,00
50,00
41-50/female
28,57
42,86
28,57
51-60/total
8,33
33,33
58,33
51-60/male
20,00
40,00
40,00
51-60/female
0,00
28,57
71,43
61-70/total
8,33
41,67
50,00
61-70/male
0,00
50,00
50,00
61-70/female
10,00
40,00
50,00
All age groups
/Total
15,79
38,60
45,61
All age
groups/male
22,22
44,44
33,33
All age
groups/female
12,82
35,90
51,28
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As we can see from Table 8, almost half of the teachers remember the violent scenes
for a long time, and only 16% (men twice as many as women) forget them right after the
program is over.
There is a striking similarity in the answers of teachers and students here. 54% of
students remember screen violence for a long term period, and only 16% are able to forget
them soon. The difference between boys/girls and men/women answers are analogous, too.
These results led us to the following conclusion: 1) the time duration of the violent
images lingering in one’s mind is determined by gender, not by the age; 2) almost half of
the surveyed teachers and students remember the scenes of violence they saw on the screen
for a long time and only 16% of both of the groups do not recall them afterwards.
Table 9. The attitude of teachers towards discussing scenes of violence on the screen
Teachers’ age/gender
screen violence is
never discussed
screen violence is
discussed
occasionally
screen violence
is discussed
regularly
Number of teachers in %:
21-30 /total
20,00
80,00
0,00
21-30/male
0,00
100,00
0,00
21-30/female
28,57
71,43
0,00
31-40/total
8,33
50,00
41,67
21-30/male
0,00
50,00
50,00
21-30/female
12,50
50,00
37,50
41-50/total
27,27
54,54
18,18
41-50/male
25,00
50,00
25,00
41-50/female
28,57
57,14
14,28
51-60/total
0,00
58,33
41,67
51-60/male
0,00
80,00
20,00
51-60/female
0,00
42,86
57,14
61-70/total
16,67
66,67
16,67
61-70/male
0,00
100,00
0,00
61-70/female
20,00
60,00
20,00
All age groups /Total
14,03
61,40
24,56
All age groups/male
5,55
72,22
22,22
All age groups/female
17,95
56,41
25,64
Only 14% of the teachers never talk about the violent scenes they have seen (women
outnumber men by three times). And the quarter of the surveyed teachers discuss these
episodes regularly. The age ranges of teachers who are most likely to discuss the screen
violence (42%) are 31-40 and 51-60. Less likely - 21-30 years old.
Thus in general teachers talk about the screen violence less frequently than their
students (25% of teachers vs. 46% of students). Moreover, in comparison with the
students, the number of teachers who totally ignore the issue is twice more.
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Table 10. Typical interlocutors of the teachers for discussion of the on-screen violence
Teachers’
age/gender
Number of teachers in % who discuss screen violence with:
Friends/Sp
ouses
Parents
Students
Children/Gra
ndchildren
Others
21-30 /total
70,00
20,00
20,00
0,00
0,00
21-30/male
100,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
21-30/female
57,14
28,57
28,57
0,00
0,00
31-40/total
91,67
33,33
50,00
33,33
8,33
21-30/male
100,00
25,00
50,00
25,00
0,00
21-30/female
87,50
37,50
50,00
37,50
12,50
41-50/total
72,73
27,27
54,54
45,45
27,27
41-50/male
75,00
50,00
50,00
50,00
25,00
41-50/female
71,43
14,28
57,14
42,86
28,57
51-60/total
41,67
0,00
25,00
66,67
16,67
51-60/male
60,00
0,00
40,00
80,00
40,00
51-60/female
28,57
0,00
14,28
57,14
0,00
61-70/total
58,33
0,00
33,33
66,67
16,67
61-70/male
100,00
0,00
50,00
100,00
0,00
61-70/female
50,00
0,00
30,00
60,00
20,00
All age groups
/Total
66,67
15,79
36,84
43,86
14,03
All age
groups/male
83,33
16,67
38,89
50,00
16,67
All age
groups/female
58,97
15,38
35,90
41,02
12,82
Comparative analysis of Table 5 and Table 6 asserts that on the whole teachers tend
to watch and discuss scenes of violence in the company of their spouses or friends (65 to
70%). In descending order follow: children/grandchildren as the possible interlocutors
(30% - to watch together, and 44% to talk about it afterwards), students (21% for watching,
37 % for discussion), parents (10% for watching and 16 for discussion) and strangers (3%
for watching and 14 for discussion). There are 30% more men than women who are eager
to discuss the screen violence with their spouses or friends.
Teachers between the age of 31 and 50 are more likely to discuss this issue with their
students and those between the age of 51 and 70- with their children/grandchildren.
Comparing the answers of pupils and teachers, we can note the evident similarity in
the leading type of the company for the discussion of scenes of violence on the screen –
friends (57% of pupils). While only 12% of the pupils are eager to discuss them with their
teachers.
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Table 11. Teachers’ opinions about the reasons of violence and aggression in society
Teachers’
age/gender
Teachers’ opinions about the reasons for violence and aggressions
in society:
Number of teachers in % who agree with the option:
Psychologic
al
deviations
Screen
violence
Inherent to
the human
nature
Social and
financial
inequality
Other
reasons
21-30 /total
70,00
20,00
10,00
0,00
0,00
21-30/male
66,67
0,00
33,33
0,00
0,00
21-30/female
71,43
28,57
0,00
0,00
0,00
31-40/total
41,67
33,33
25,00
16,67
00,00
21-30/male
25,00
25,00
25,00
25,00
0,00
21-30/female
50,00
37,50
25,00
12,50
0,00
41-50/total
27,27
36,36
18,18
18,18
0,00
41-50/male
25,00
50,00
25,00
0,00
0,00
41-50/female
28,57
28,57
14,28
28,57
0,00
51-60/total
25,00
41,67
8,33
41,67
0,00
51-60/male
20,00
40,00
20,00
60,00
0,00
51-60/female
28,57
42,86
0,00
28,57
0,00
61-70/total
25,00
41,67
0,00
33,33
0,00
61-70/male
0,00
50,00
0,00
50,00
0,00
61-70/female
30,00
40,00
0,00
30,00
0,00
All age groups
/Total
35,09
35,09
12,28
22,81
0,00
All age
groups/male
27,78
33,33
22,22
27,78
0,00
All age
groups/female
38,46
35,90
7,69
20,51
0,00
In the teachers’ opinion, main reasons for the aggression and violence in society are
the psychopathologies (35% - 27% of women and 38% of men) and “screen violence”
(35%). 23% (men outnumber women by 7% here) prone to think that the main reason is
the financial inequality of people. And only 12% (3 times more men than women) say that
violence is in human nature.
I would like to point out that according to the students’ survey, psychopathologies
are the main reason for violence, too (37%). There were 28% (less than the teachers by
8%) of those who blamed violence in media. However students who thought that it’s in
human nature outnumber the teachers by 7%.
Agreeing on the main reason for violence in society being the psychopathologies
(which is to my mind rather exaggerated), teachers and pupils disagree on the other issues.
Teachers pay more attention to the economic factor. Their concern about the spread of
violence on the screen is also greater.
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26
Table 12. Teachers’ opinion about the influence of scenes of violence on the screen and
the increase of crime in society
Teachers’
age/gender
Number of teachers in % who think that:
On-screen
violence
undoubtedl
y leads to
the
increase of
crime rate
On-screen
violence
leads to a
small
increase
of crime
On-screen
violence
does not
affect the
crime rate
because
crimes
existed
before the
invention
of cinema
and
television
On-screen
violence
leads to
increase
of crimes
commited
by people
with
psychical
deviations
On-screen
violence does
not lead to the
increase of
crimes
because it
disgusts/
diverts people
21-30 /total
50,00
20,00
0,00
40,00
0,00
21-30/male
33,33
33,33
0,00
33,33
0,00
21-30/female
57,14
14,28
0,00
28,57
0,00
31-40/total
58,33
16,67
16,67
8,33
0,00
21-30/male
50,00
25,00
25,00
0,00
0,00
21-30/female
62,50
12,50
12,50
12,50
0,00
41-50/total
81,82
9,10
0,00
9,10
0,00
41-50/male
100,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
41-50/female
71,43
14,28
0,00
14,28
0,00
51-60/total
75,00
8,33
0,00
16.67
0,00
51-60/male
60,00
20,00
0,00
20,00
0,00
51-60/female
85,71
0,00
00,00
14,28
0,00
61-70/total
83,33
0,00
0,00
16,67
0,00
61-70/male
100,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
61-70/female
80,00
0,00
0,00
20,00
0,00
All age groups
/Total
70,17
10,53
3,51
15,79
0,00
All age
groups/male
66,67
16,67
5,55
11,11
0,00
All age
groups/female
71,79
7,69
2,56
17,95
0,00
70% of the teachers that took part in the survey believe that violence on the screen
does lead to the increase of crimes in society. Only 10% (men teachers under 40 mostly)
think that screen violence influences the crime rate to a small degree, and 16% (more
women than men, and more teachers under 30) think that it impacts just the increase of
crimes committed by psychos. 3% deny any affect of screen violence (twice as many men
than women). Not a single teacher said that violence on the screen makes audience be
disgusted at violence.
The majority of students also believed that the violence on the screen leads to the
increase of violence in society (though comparing to teachers, there were twice less
№№1-4(69-72), қаңтар-сәуір, январь-апрель, January-April, 2015 ISSN 2307-0188
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27
students). 22% of pupils are sure that screen violence affects crime rate to an insignificant
degree. But the question about the reverse effect of the screen violence provoked the most
serious difference in opinions. 11% of students think that it does make people disgust any
violence, though there were no teachers who agree on that.
The conclusion is that, with the dominating opinion among both students and
teachers that screen violence increases real violence in society, there are twice as many
teachers than students who believe that.
Table 13. Teachers’ attitude towards the problem of regulating violence on the screen
Teachers’
age/
gender
Number of teachers in % who agree that:
Screen
violence
should
be
prohibit
ed
because
it makes
people
aggressi
ve
The
current
amount
of screen
violence
is
acceptab
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