С. Г. Тажбаева Редакция алқасы
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| Keywords: management, management style, the 12-year study, authoritarian style, democratic style, liberal style,
exploiting style, friendly style, paternalistic style. The humanistic orientation of education, its personal orientation focuses on issues of the nature management of educational institutions and teaching staff, creates the conditions for self-realization, self- expression of the teacher as a subject, an active transmitter of their professional activities.The problems of transition to the 12-year secondary education, the development of human resources of educational institutions, the formation of a new pedagogical thinking enhance the value of teaching management in educational practice; contribute to the understanding of the nature of the impact of management styles on the forms of administrative influence. One of the topical problems of the Kazakh society is the formation of a competitive person who is ready not only to live inchanging social and economic conditions, but also to influence actively the existing reality, changing it for the better. Information overloads the content of education and leads to lower motivation of training and the deterioration of health of pupils. It is necessary to strengthen the role of school education in achieving the goals of personal development of the student, his socialization, mental and physical health preservation. Kazakhstan has in recent years made significant steps to upgrade the educational system, designed and implemented the state educational standards, to introduce variable education, work has begun to prepare for the introduction of a 12-year secondary education. For effective management of the 12-year secondary educational system and the quality of education must be a clear division of functions of school, community, social partners and government authorities. The management of educational activities of educational institutions has joint control of the activities of teachers and other staff and students. This process includes the creation of the necessary conditions for the control, the use of necessary means and methods of control and management functions, based on the laws and principles of management. In educational management, as well as in the business management, there are general laws, principles, methods and means of control, but the main purpose of the educational management is not profit, and self- education. Managing educational institutions, the head adheres to a particular style of management. In modern conditions we distinguish generalized individual characteristics of management styles: authoritarian, democratic, liberal. Historically, the first and until now, the most common practice is the authoritarian style, which is considered universal. It is based on giving orders to subordinates without any explanation of their connection with the overall goals and objectives of the organization. Абай атындағы ҚазҰПУ-нің Хабаршысы, «Педагогика ғылымдары» сериясы, №2 (50), 2016 ж. 341 Such authoritarian leaders prefer to formalize relationships, keep their subordinates at arm's length that they do not have the right to violate. Regardless of personal qualities (kindness, tact, etc.) they will hold a hard line against employees, imposing their solutions. Experts identify two kinds of authoritarian style. Exploiting style suggests that the head completely takes over all matters, he or she does not trust subordinates, is not interested in their opinion, takes responsibility for everything, giving the performers a guidance. As the main forms of stimulation such a leader uses punishment, threats, psychological pressure [1]. The employees are indifferent to everything going or negative, they are happy about all his or her mistakes, finding in it a confirmation of his innocence. The result is poor morale and creates the basis for the development of industrial disputes. By a milder “benevolent” form of the authoritarian style the head refers to subordinates already condescending fatherly, is interested in their opinion, even though, despite its validity, can do in their own way, provides independence performers to a limited extent. Motivating penalty takes place here, but it is minimal. The use of an authoritarian style can be effective when subordinates are completely at the mercy of the head, such as the military, or the boundless trust him (say, the actors the director or the athletes coach), and the head is sure that they are not able to act independently in the right way . The authoritarian leadership style is more typical for the charismatic creative personalities. Its use increases personal power and the ability to head its influence on subordinates, provides maximum performance, but does not generate an internal interest of performers, as excessive disciplinary actions cause in the human fear and anger, and destroy the incentive to work. According to T.I. Shamova, classic and most common authoritarian type of managers considers subordinates only as tools for the execution of orders and the achievement of the organization, in cooperation with the staff use a variety of strategies of behavior - by coaxing and encouragement to coercion and blackmail of dismissal [2]. The downside is the suppression of the individual style of the initiatives on the part of workers - is punished by the very fact of its existence. Creative employees or become ordinary performers or quit. Authoritarianism is the basis of the absolute majority of industrial action because of the desire of the subject to the absolute rule. Autocrat's claim on jurisdiction in all matters creates chaos and, ultimately, a negative impact on overall performance. The willfulness of autocrat paralyzes the work of the staff. He loses not only the best employees, but creates a hostile atmosphere around him that threatens to himself. Unhappy and resentful subordinates can misinform. Intimidated employees are not only unreliable, but also are not working at full capacity; they are alien to the interests of the company. If a person who is holding a post is inferior to his subordinates in professionalism and personal qualities, then he has to compensate for the mismatch position his repressive commanding style of leadership. Very often there is an opposite situation when the head-professional is surrounded by inexperienced workers, which are simply impossible to share the responsibility. Being authoritative - this is the only correct way out in this situation. But the leaders of this type in the new conditions still should look to a democratic style. A variant of the authoritarian management style is paternalistic style. It involves treatment subordinates, both as children and their work motivation mediates through personal dependence on the head. Service information is distributed from top to bottom, depending on the goodwill of management, control the activities carried out selectively, at the request of the head and intuition. жүктеу/скачать 7,04 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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