случаев, пользоваться термином, в некоторых странах, необходи
мость выбора
Ex. 7. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary.
1. The Ninth General Confcrcncc ... Weights and Measures was held
... Octobcr, 1948. 2. The confcrcncc adopted ... the name “Celsius” ...
the scalc ... temperature. 3 .... the interest... uniformity ... practicc the
u se... “Celsius” appeared desirable. 4. Celsius was analogous... the names
... Kelvin, Fahrenheit and others. 5. The name “ccntigradc” was thoroughly
established ... English-speaking countries. 6. The absolute Kelvin scalc
and the ccntigradc scalc have 100 degrees ... the
icc point and the boiling
point... water.
Ex. 8. Translate the scntcnccs into Russiant paying attention to different
functions of the word
use.
1. Oxygen is widely
used in industry. 2. Today there is practically no
industry which docs not
use the oxy-acctylcnc proccss. 3. He is not
used
to work with this apparatus, help him, please. 4. Formerly hydrogen
used
to be classed with the alkali metals of Group I in the priodic tabic. 5. They
used a fine balancc in their measurements. 6. Reduction ofSiO> with carbon
in an clcctric furnace is a commercial method o f preparing silicon now in
use. 7. There arc two
uses of the word “theory”. 8.
Use must be made of
the ability of the substancc to ignite spontaneously. 9. It is no
use making
calculations if the measurements were not accurate.
Ex. 9. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. There is no doubt that chcmistry is o f great scrvicc to mcdicinc.
2. They have just read how oxygen was produced. 3. The laboratory
assistant showed us where the chcmicals were stored. 4. Wc don’t know
whether the library is open now. 5. He says he works in the laboratory o f
organic chcmistry. 6. She told us that she had been present at the seminar
and could show us her notes. 7. Everybody knew that Dr. N had been
working on the subject for a long time before making his report at the
confcrcncc. 8. He said he would go to Moscow next week. 9. Wc thought
wc should have done our experiment by that time. 10. She said she would
be working in the library at 3 o’clock. 11. The tcachcr asked me what I
was doing. 12.1 asked her whether she had finished the exercise. 13. It is
not known how and when glass was first obtained. 14. It is often ncccssary
to determine if any particular substancc is a mixture or a solution.
15. Every student knows he must be carcful when he works in the
laboratory. 16. One can say pure oxygen is a colourless, odourless and
tasteless gas. 17. Every chcmist knows that it was in 1869 that
Mendeleyev’s articlc on the periodic system was published. 18. Men
deleyev’s law stated that the properties of elements arc periodic functions
of their atomic weights. 19. It is absolutely ncccssary that wc should
157
know what substanccs wc arc going to obtain in a reaction. 20. Tem
perature docs not depend on how much matter is present. 21. It is
ncccssary that the temperature should be kept constant. 22. The supervisor
insisted that wc should learn the instruction. 23. It is desirable .that
Dr. N should speak at the confcrencc. 24. It is essential that oxidation
state should be known. 25. Our supervisor proposed that wc should write
a joint paper. 26. The tcachcr advised that the student should consult a
rcfcrcncc-book. 27. It was ncccssary to prove whether the conclusion
that was made in the paper was right. 28. It was my collcaguc who
rccommcndcd that the pressure o f the reading substanccs should be
increased. 29. Much depends on what the conditions of a reaction are.
30. Sometimes it is difficult to decide what term should be used, bccausc
there is no uniformity in the nomenclature.
Ex. 10. Translate the sentences into English.
1. На конференции 1948 года было принято название «шкала
Цельсия» для стоградусной шкалы температур. 2. По шкале Цель
сия вода замерзает при 0°С, кипит при 100°С. 3. Следует отмстить,
что это название было выбрано по аналогии с такими названиями,
как шкала Кельвина, шкала Фаренгейта и др. 4. Это решение было
принято в интересах единообразия при практическом применении.
5. Термин «шкала Цельсия» более точен, так как шкала Кельвина —
это тоже стоградусная шкала. 6. В англоязычных странах в повсед
невной жизни продолжают пользоваться шкалой Фаренгейта.
7. Шкала Реомюра имеет 80 делений между точкой замерзания и
точкой кипения воды.
Ex. 11. Answer the following questions:
1.
What problems were discusscd at the confcrencc in 1948? 2. What
name was adopted for the temperature scalc devised by Celsius? 3. What
was the reason for choosing a single name for the scalc? 4. Why was the
name “Celsius” considered preferable? 5. What other name for this scalc
do you know? 6. What other temperature scalcs do you know? 7. What
temperature scalcs arc used in Russia?
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