Санкт-петербургского государственного университета высшее профессиональное образование т. А. Степанова, И. Ю. Ступина
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1stepanova t a english for chemists
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know, knowledge wr И write, writer, wrong b) peculiar [pi'kju:lio], category fkstogon], intrigue [in 4ri:g], phosphorescent [.fbsfb'rcsnt], elusive [i'Iosiv], magic [’mxdsik], urine [ joonn], nevertheless [.nevoda'les], elaborate [I'lsbarit], waxy ['waeksi], abandon [a'baendon], fascinating ('fssineiUQ] Ex. 2. Read the following words and say what Russian words help to understand their meaning: phosphorus, interesting, spccial, category, reason, intrigue, substancc, phosphorescent, histoiy, alchemist, elusive, idea, magic, human, scries, distil, detail, preparation, sccret, formula, method, isolate, limit, modern, intensely, extremely Ex. 3. Pay attention to the following way of word-building: основа слова + -ous [as] -» прилагательное various, religious, curious, poisonous, obvious, analogous, amorphous, ferrous, anhydrous, famous прилагательное > human, proletarian, republican основа слова + -(i)an (принадлежность к чему-либо) ^ существительное historian, academician, technician, physician, musician Ex. 4. Arrange the words in the alphabetic order, give their initial forms and find their meanings in a dictionary. Do it as quickly as you can. glowing, rarely, searching, stones, carried (on), thrilled, leaked (out), bones, abandoned, equipment, fascinating, allowed, causes, bums, heals, handles, forcepts, fumes Ex. 5. Define the meaning of the italicized words. 1. Brand carried on a series of elaborate experiments. 2. We went away late, only when wc carried out all the experiments. 3. It is difficult to carry this bag, it is very heavy. 4. The container started leaking. 5. The news soon leaked out. 6. Phosphorus should never be allowed to touch the skin. 7. Wc usually peel the skin of the potatoes before boiling. 8. Tiger’s skin is very beautiful. 78 Text И A Phosphorus is one of the most interesting of all the elements. Its peculiar property of glowing in the dark places it in a spccial and rare category. For some unexplained reason, man has always been intrigued by any substance with phosphorescent properties. 1Ъс history of phosphorus is no less interesting than the element itself. It was first prepared in 1669 by a German alchemist Hcnnig Brand, who like every other alchemist o f his day, was searching for the elusive philosopher’s stone. We can never tell you what gave him the idea that his magic stone could be found in human urine, but, nevertheless, he carried on a scries of elaborate experiments with urine. After much experimentation he could obtain a yellowish waxy substance by distilling a residue from the urine. We can imagine how thrilled he must have been when he noticed that the strange substance glowed in the dark. Brand kept the details of the preparation of this strange substance se- cret, but the news soon leaked out. He then sold his formula to other chem ists, who also made the element in secret. The method o f isolating phosphorus was made known to the world in general only in 1737. It was soon discovered that the clement could be obtained from bones, and the unpleasant method of obtaining it from urine could be abandoned. It is truly remarkable that Brand could prepare phosphorus with very limited equipment and knowledge then available. Even today with all of our mod em equipment, phosphorus is not isolated with ease. Phosphorus may be fascinating, but is also intensely poisonous. It should never be allowed to touch the skin, as it causes painful bums which are extremely difficult to heal. We must always handle it with forceps and keep it under water when it is not in use. Phosphorus has a garlic-like colour. Its fumes are poisonous too. W ords a n d W o rd -C o m b in atio n s to Be M em orized жүктеу/скачать 5,96 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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