['длуэп], decision [di'sison], analogous [o'naelogos], previously ['pri:viosli],
ambiguous [xm'bigjuss], thoroughly ['ОлгэЬ], tongue [1лд], draft (drarft)
b) forjhe^'scale^of \temperature, in^d'vancc^of^theNconfcrcncc, o'fficial
Slanguage, thejpro'posedStext, inu'Englishu *speaking\countrics, it^might^be
\argued
c) It might be re/marked | that/Celsius | was a'nalogous to the 'names
/Kelvin, | /Fahrenheit, | /Reaumur | and \Rankine | 'used for 'other 'temperature
\scales.
Ex. 2. Pay attention to the structure of the following words. Translate
them into Russian.
a) international, interact, interchange, interrelation, interview,
intermediate
b) transform,
transformation, translation, translocation, transmission,
transport, transuranium, transvalue
c) supercool, superheat, superman, supernatural, supersaturate,
supervision, superconductivity
Ex. 3. Define the meanings of the word
appear in the following scntcnccs:
1. When the atomic hypothesis
appeared, there was no direct evidence
of the existence of atoms. 2. Oxygen was first obtained by heating various
compounds of it, particularly mcrcuric oxide, and the first account o f the
work
appeared in 1774. 3. It
appears that about onc-fifth o f the air by
volume is oxygen. 4. She
appeared frightened when the door suddenly
opened and somebody came in. 5. In the interest of uniformity the use of
ф “Celsius”
appeared desirable. 6. The electrons and the nucleus occupy
only a small portion of the whole space of the atom, therefore, it
appears
to be composed largely of empty spacc. 7. It
appears that many
reactions
with oxygen liberate heat and light. 8. He
appears to be able to do it himself.
Ex. 4. Find the predicate, the subject and the object in the following
sentences:
1.
It was known that Celsius had previously been used in some
countries. 2. It is quite correct to say that carbon tetrachloride boils at a
temperature of 70°, if the pressure is 620 mm Hg. 3. It is ncccssary that
you should know how to convert temperature from one scalc to another.
Text 23 A
Celsius versus Centigrade
The Ninth General Confcrencc on Weights and Measures, held in
October, 1948, adopted the name “Celsius” for the scalc of temperature
which had more commonly been callcd “ccntigradc”. This action, which
had not been proposed in advance of the Conference, arose from a question
regarding preferred usage in French, the sole official language of the
Confcrencc. The decision might be considered as applying strictly only to
that language. In the interest of eventual uniformity of practicc the use of
155
“Celsius” appeared desirable, but it was not practicable to impose this
term on those who preferred “centigrade”.
In preparation for the General Conference the National Bureau оГ
Standard submitted a revised text defining the International Temperature
Scalc to supersede that adopted in 1927. The proposed text was drafted in
English and, in accordance with common English practice as well as the
official French text adopted in 1927, it used the name “centigrade”. This
name was earned over into the French translation prepared for considcraton
by the Advisory Committee on Thermometry in May, 1948. However, in
the printed report of that meeting, the term “centigrade” had, in most cases,
been changed to “centesimal”, the term that was used in the French law
governing weights and measurements. When it was asked to choose
between the two, the International Committee on Weights and the General
Conference voted to substitute “Celsius”.
With regard to the merits of the decision it might be remarked that
Celsius (abbreviated C) was analogous to the names
Kelvin, Fahrenheit.
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