Parting:
Good-bye.
See you later (soon,...).
I must be off.
My best regards to ...
Hope to see you soon.
Take care.
See you.
1 Put the sentences in the correct order.
a) I'm just nice, thank you. b) And how are you? c) I've got a terrible
25
cold, d) How are you Steve? e) Terrible, f) Why? g) Oh, poor thing.
2 Answer the questions.
I. How are you? 2. How is your girl-friend? 3. How is everybody at
home? 4. How are things with your aunt? I know she was ill. 5. How are
things with your job? 6. Is your mother-in-law all right? 7. How are your
grandparents? 8. How is your teacher? 9. How are your studies? 10. Are
your group-mates all right? 11. How are your pets? 12. How is your boss?
3 Ask each other questions and answer them.
1.
Where does John Smith live? 2. Does he look quite happy?
3. Who in their family is more practical? 4. What's his wife's name? 5. How
old is his wife? 6. Does she look nice? 7. Who looks after whom? 8. Who
feeds John on well cooked meal? 9. Has John any pets? 10. Is he fond of
animals? 11. Is he comfortable in his house? 12. What about his wife?
13. Is John quite satisfied with his suburban life? 14. Is he content with
everything? 15. What is their favourite topic o f conversation?
16. Would you like to have a life like John's one? 17. Was he born with a
silver spoon in his mouth? 18. Who is happier, in your opinion, John or
Charles? 19. Is it bad or good to be a millionaire? 20. Would you follow
Charles's example?
4 Translate into English.
1. Я вполне счастлив и доволен моей спокойной жизнью. 2. Кто
ухаживает за бабушкой? 3. Квартиру нужно убирать регулярно и тща
тельно. 4. Я кормлю свою собаку мясом один раз в день. 5. Вы долж
ны употреблять больше фруктов и овощей. 6. Дайте, пожалуйста, ста
кан свежей воды. 7. Я очень люблю смотреть телевизор в удобном
кресле. 8. Вы не любите собак, не так ли? 9. Он чувствовал себя оди
ноким и несчастным в чужой стране. 10. В общем, я вполне довольна
жизнью. 11.Сделай все возможное, чтобы не опоздать. 12. Я наслаж
даюсь ночными прогулками по нашему городу. 13. Она не получила
удовольствие от тренировки. 14. Приглашаю вас на вечер.
5 Read the information about a Japanese family and express your
opinion on this theme.
The Japanese Family
Work plays a very important role in Japan. A Japanese says "I be
long to my company", not "I work for my company". Because work is so
important, a child, especially a boy, must work very hard indeed. He begins
to study seriously as soon as he starts going to school, because if he doesn't
pass all his exams he can't go to a good school. If he doesn't go to a good
school he can't go to a good university - and so he can't get the good job he
needs. A Japanese mother usually helps her children so that they will pass
26
their school exams. Because o f this system Japanese children don't have as
much time to play as the children in many other countries.
A lot of Japanese parents "arrange" marriages for their children. This
is because they feel that marriage does not only affect the young couple but
that it affects the whole family. They believe that it is important that the
young couple have the same interests and that they come from the same so
cial background.
6 Listen to the tape (T3'). After listening express your opinion on
both texts.
7 Enjoy yourself. But while enjoying find Continuous Tenses in the
joke.
1. When Newton was working out difficult problems, he stayed in
his study, forgot about everything else, and allowed nobody to disturb1 him.
One morning he was so busy working out a difficult problem, that he
forgot all about his breakfast. His wife was afraid of disturbing him, but she
didn't want him to be hungry. She knew it was useless calling him to break
fast. Suddenly she remembered that her husband was very fond of soft
boiled eggs and that he liked to boil one for himself on a small stove2 in his
study. So she went there with a saucepan3 of water and fresh egg, put the
saucepan on the stove and gave the egg to her husband, reminding him to
look at his watch and let the egg boil for three minutes. Then she left the
study. When she came back a little later to take the saucepan, she saw
Newton holding the egg in his hand, while his watch was boiling in the
saucepan.
’to disturb - мешать, тревожить; 2stove - плитка; ’saucepan -
кастрюлька.
2. Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the great scientist, was often so deep
in his own thoughts that he would forget to eat his dinner unless reminded
to do so.
One day a friend came to dine with him. Dinner was put on the table
but Newton did not come out of his study.
His friend, who was used to Newton’s peculiar ways, sat down and
waited for him. At last he decided that Newton was so deep in some new
theory that he had forgotten the time.
He therefore helped himself to the chicken which was on the table.
When he had finished he thought he would play a trick on his friend. He
carefully put all the chicken bones on the dish and covered them with a sil
ver cover. Then he left Newton’s house and went about his business.
Several hours later, Newton came out of his study feeling very hun
gry. He saw the table set ready for dinner and sat down at his place.
When he lifted the cover and saw the bones and the remains of the
27
chicken, he was quite surprised. He turned and looked at the clock and saw
that it was long past his usual time for dinner.
“Well, well,” he said to himself, “I thought I had not yet dined, but I
see I am mistaken.”
And getting up from the table, he went back to his study and began
to work again, quite satisfied that he had eaten his dinner at the usual hour
but had forgotten all about it.
8 Do the following test and find out what is your ideal pet.
1 You are at a maths lesson and you have no idea what the
teacher is talking about. What do you do?
A) Look out of the window.
B) Ask your friend to explain.
C) Repeat what the teacher has just said so it looks like you understand.
D) Put your hand up and ask the teacher to explain again.
E) Put your hand up and ask a question about a different subject.
2 Your best friend's boyfriend/girlfriend has finished with him
(her) and needs to talk to you about it. What do you do?
A) Listen sympathetically.
B) Keep quiet because you are now going out with the boyfriend/girlfriend.
C) Tell him that it's a good thing because they didn't get on well together.
D) Try to make a joke of it.
E) Offer to go out with him every Saturday night until he finds someone
new.
3 Your older brother asks you to help him clean his new car this
Saturday morning. What do you do?
A) Listen sympathetically.
B) Oversleep.
C) Wake up your brother holding a bucket and cloth.
D) Ask your friend to come around and help too.
E) Suddenly remember you haven’t got any old clothes to wear.
4 You start singing your favorite song and when you turn on the
radio, you hear the song playing. What do you do?
A) Sing even louder.
B) Look confused.
C) Think you’re really cool. You know all the popular songs.
D) Start dancing around the room.
E) Wonder how the DJ knew you were singing it.
5 You really like someone at school and you want to go out with
him/her. What do you do about it?
A) Try and talk with him.
B) Stare at him.
C) Wink at him a lot.
28
D) Invite him out with you and your friends.
E) Fall over in front of him.
W ork out your score
1 a-2; b-4; c-3; d-5; e-1.
3 a-5; b-1; c-4; d-2; e-3.
2 a-5; b-1; c-2; d-3; e-4.
4 a-3; b-4; c-5; d-2; e-1.
5 a-5; b-1; c-2; d-4; e-3.
Analysis:
5-8: A snake and you would understand each other perfectly! You
don’t tell lies but you are not always truthful, are you?
9-12: Like a fish you are happiest with your own kind around you. In
fact you probably have more than one fish so that they don’t get lonely.
13-16: People notice when you are around. A parrot is best for your
extrovert personality.
17-20: You always do what you say you will do, and you are very
good to your friends. You and your pet dog are never apart.
21-25: You are independent, and sympathetic. A cat is the only pet
for you.
9 Answer the following questions.
1.
Where and how do you relax? 2. Do you read newspapers in Eng
lish? 3. Do you listen to the radio in the morning? 4. What are you doing
this evening? And in general? 5. What magazines do you usually buy?
6. Do you enjoy soap operas on TV? 7. Do you often go to listen to the op
era? 8. Do you eat in front of the television? 9. Do you like talking on the
phone? 10. Who is your favourite musician (writer, actor, actress)? 11. Are
you good at cooking? 12. What are you good at? 13. What are your best
characteristics? 14. Have you got a good memory? 15. What can you be
proud of? 16. Do you always do your best doing some work? 17. What are
the typical hobbies of Englishmen (Russian men)? 18. Are there any hobby
groups in your Institute? 19. Are you crazy about discos? 20. How do Eng
lish (Russian) students relax?
LESSON 4
Exercises to be done before the text
1 Read and remember the following words:
Physicist, to discover, uranium, radiation, radioactivity, radioactive,
nature, success, successful, search, unknown, to believe, radium, scientist,
polite, difficult, to weigh, to measure, to calculate, discomfort, light,
weight, science, scientific, to fail, failure.
29
2 Translate the following words paying attention to the suffixes and
prefixes.
General - generalize - generalization, chemical - chemistry, period -
periodic, educate - education, graduate - graduation, contain - container,
create - creator - creative - creation, organic - inorganic, physics - physical
-geophysics, act - active - activity, know - knowledge, develop - develop
ment, nation - national - nationality, measure - measurement, technological
- technology - technologically, happy - happily - happiness.
3 Give Participle II o f the following verbs:
To discover, to call, to give, to make, to know, to believe, to see, to
calculate, to think, to find, to spend, to invite, to be, to have.
4 Change the Present or Past Simple into the Present Perfect.
1. I spend much time in the laboratoiy. 2. He calls me his friend.
3. She discovered something new on this theme. 4. They made the experi
ments. 5. We examined the results carefully. 6. She leaves the town in a
day. 7. We see that the results are good. 8. The Curies set up their labora
tory. 9. He gave me a very good job. 10. I got some interesting results.
11. He invited me to his place. 12. I find it great. 1 3 .1 knew his interests.
14.1 saw his mother-in law.
5 Point out sentences where the verb "to have": a) should be
translated, b) should not be translated.
1. He has made a wonderful discovery. 2. She has a secret from me.
3. I've decided to follow this way. 4. They've proved their being right.
5. He had proved his idea brilliantly. 6. We have to translate this article as
quickly as possible. 7. They had done this work before departure. 8. You
have to remember it! 9. Have you ever been to America? 10. They have al
ready gone to the laboratory. II . I've been very happy for two years.
12. They have wonderful ideas. 13. She had two articles printed and now
she has two more. 14. I've had calculations for their work. 15. They had
to think it over.
6 Remember the proverbs.
1. Live and learn. 2. Better late than never. 3. It is never too late to
learn. 4. Last but not least.
Text
МАМЕ CURIE AND RADIUM
A French physicist, Henry Becquerel discovered that a metal called
uranium gave off a kind of radiation, which later Marie Curie called radio
activity. But where did this radiation come from and what was it like? Here
was a secret of nature, which she decided to discover. She made experi
30
ments again and again. There was failure, success, more failure, a little
success, a little more success. All proved that in the mineral she was exam
ining there was some form of radiation which man knew nothing about.
Life was rather hard. Marie wrote:
"Life is not easy for any of us. We must work, and above all we must
believe in ourselves."
At this time her husband Pierre Curie left his own laboratory work,
in which he was successful, and joined with her in her search for this un
known radiation. In 1898 they declared that they believed there was some
thing in nature which gave out radioactivity. To this something, still un
seen, they gave the name radium. All this was very interesting, but it was
against the beliefs of some of the scientists of that day. These scientists
were very polite to the two Curies, but they could not believe them. The
common feeling among them was: "Show us some radium, and we will be
lieve you."
There was an old building at the back of the school where Pierre Cu
rie had worked, with walls and the roof made of wood and glass. There
were some old tables, a blackboard and an old stove in it. It was not much
better than a shed. The Curies moved in and set up their laboratory and
workshops. Here for four very difficult years they worked, weighing and
boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking. The shed was hot in
summer and cold in winter, when it rained, water dropped from the ceiling.
But in spite of all these discomforts, the Curies worked on. For them these
were the four happiest years of their lives. One evening in 1902 they went
to their laboratory again. They opened the door. "Don't light the lamps",
said Marie. "Look... look!"
And there, glowing with faint blue light in the glass test-tubes on the
tables, was the mysterious something, which was so hard to find: Radium.
Grammar exercises
1 Choose the correct degree o f comparison.
1. Peter is (better, the best) student in our group. 2. His term-papers
are always (better, the best) than ours. 3. This subject is (more interesting,
the most interesting) o f all subjects for me. 4. This subject is (more diffi
cult, the most difficult) than other subjects. 5. Who is (worse, the worst)
student in your group? 6. His term-paper is (worse, the worst) than yours.
7. This is (easier, the easiest) task for him. 8. He is (more polite, the most
polite) man I know. 9. She was (more polite, the most polite) this time.
10. These were (happier, the happiest) years of my life. 11. She is (prettier,
the prettiest) than you. 12. He is (the most handsome, more handsome) guy
in our Institute.
31
2 Translate the underlined words and state their function.
1. The sun was shining in my face. 2. She has an attractive figure
and face. 3. My watch has a black face. 4. Face the class. 5. While making
the experiment he faced many difficult problems. 6. A prism is a body hav
ing two opposite faces equal and parallel. 7. My window faces the street.
8. At the front he came face with the enemy. 9. In September we are back
at the Institute. 10. Go back! 11. The dog has a black spot on its back.
12. Don't lean against the back o f the chair, sit up! 13. The back door was
shut.
3 Read predicates which should be translated by Russian.
a) past tense, b) present tense:
has done, is studying, was reading, am doing, was experimenting,
had been teaching, will train, wrote, had solved, did not come, will not
work, has been solving, have gone, are making, have built.
4 Translate the following sentences paying attention to the tenses.
1. He asked me what work I was doing and whether I wanted to
join him. 2. Has she told you her decision? 3. I'm afraid I'll be doing the
washing tomorrow. 4. She said she had met Monty on her way home.
5. Then I thought about mother. She would certainly ask me where I had
been all day. 6. I don’t believe anyone has troubled to think about that.
7. She will be staying in town the next day. 8. I'll tell you what he's do
ing. 9. He told he had been on the island for fifteen years. 10. I saw the
boys had stopped talking and were watching us. 11.1 hope you know what
you're doing. 12.1 don’t know whether he was a fool or a wise man. 13. I'll
tell her that you'll take our papers. I4.I was told that an American had been
staying there for three months. 15. It’s strange that he didn't speak with you.
16. It was also rumoured that Dad had got married.
J Tell, please, what is:
the best film you’ve ever seen; the best book you’ve ever read; the
most beautiful place you’ve ever visited; the strangest thing you’ve ever
eaten; the most frightening experience you’ve ever had; the most dangerous
sport you’ve ever tried; the most interesting person you’ve ever met; the
worst man you’ve ever met; the worst film you’ve ever seen; the most use
less subject you’ve ever studied; the happiest day of your life; the unlucki-
est day in your life; the tastiest thing your mother has ever cooked; the
most stupid thing you've ever done; the best thing you've ever done.
Oral Practice
Remember the expressions:
I think ...
To my m ind...
I believe ...
I hope ...
I guess ...
I am sorry, b u t...
In my opinion ...
Upon my word ...
32
1 Say the following in English, but start with the above expressions.
1. Жизнь ученых нелегка. 2, Он поможет мне. 3. Это великое от
крытие. 4. Погода будет чудесная сегодня. 5. Я не могу сказать вам
это. 6. Н. сыграл великолепно. 7. Джек вернется в воскресенье. 8. Ты
не должен спорить с тещей. 9. Ты должен извиниться. 10. Ты не мо
жешь ночевать там.
1 I . O
h
получил огромное удовольствие от поездки.
12. Никто не поможет мне. 13. Алкоголь надо запретить. 14. Жева
тельная резинка вредна. 15. Вы должны бросить курить. 16. Жизнь
прекрасна. 17. Ник выиграет матч. 18. Я сдам экзамены отлично.
19. Мы сделаем все возможное, чтобы приехать вовремя. 20. Вы най
дете хорошую работу. 21. Тебе понравится фильм. 22. Завтра будет
чудесный день.
2 Answer the following questions.
1.
Who were the Curies? 2. What did H. Becquerel discover? 3. What
did M. Curie want to explain? 4. Who helped her in her work? 5. Was
their life easy? 6. What was the scientists' attitude to the Curies? 7. Under
what conditions did they work? 8. What happened one evening in 1902?
9. Is their discovery great? 10. Were they happy people? 11. Do you know
much about the Curies?
3 Here are some facts from the Curies' life. Tell them in English.
1.
Мария Складовская-Кюри с раннего детства была связана с
Варшавой. 2. Здесь жили и работали ее родители. 3. Дед Марии влю
бился в девушку из более состоятельной дворянской семьи. 4. Когда
ему отказали, он похитил свою любимую и тайно с ней обвенчался.
5. Отец ученой преподавал в гимназии математику и физику. 6. Мария
родилась 7 ноября 1867 г. в Варшаве, где в настоящее время помеща
ется музей ее имени. 7. Пьер родился 15 мая 1859 г. в Париже. 8. Отец
Пьера нежно любил жену и сыновей и всегда был готов спешить туда,
где нуждались в его помощи. 9. Его мать хрупкая, живая, хотя не
вполне здоровая после рождения детей, была всегда весела и деятель
на в скромном своем доме, который сумела сделать милым и госте
приимным. 10. Родственники и друзья посещали их по воскресеньям -
тогда любимыми развлечениями были шахматы или кегли. 11. Мария
вспоминает: "И все-таки в этом жалком сарае мы провели лучшие и
счастливейшие дни нашей жизни". 12. Несмотря на трудные условия
работы, мы испытывали огромное счастье. 13. Мы проводили в лабо
ратории целые дни, а, замерзнув, мы согревались горячим чаем.
14. Пьер умер в 1906 году, а Мария - в 1934г.
4 Give your statements on the text. Start with the expressions: I think,
etc.
33
5 Read the following texts -without translating them and answer the
questions.
Texts
A. Henry Cavendish (1731-1810)
1. What was the only love of Cavendish?
2. What was Cavendish’s attitude to the fame?
Henry Cavendish, the famous English chemist and physicist was
bom on the 10th of October, 1731. Cavendish was educated in England and
spent four years at Cambridge, but he never took his degree1. He was ex
tremely shy and absent-minded. He almost never spoke. This eccentric man
had one and only one love, and that was scientific research, though he
never bothered to complete his education at Cambridge. He did not care
whether his findings were published, whether he got credit2, or anything
beyond the fact that he was satisfying his own curiosity. As a result, much
o f what he did remained unknown until years after his death.
'never took his degree - так и не окончил его; 2whether ... were
published - опубликованы ли; whether ... got credit - получит ли призна
ние.
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